scholarly journals Features of blood supply to the arteries of the forelimb of the northern domesticated reindeers

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00216
Author(s):  
Mikhail Potapov ◽  
Konstantin Nifontov ◽  
Aleksey Belogurov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
First Year ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Blood Circulatory System ◽  
Intensive Growth

A role of the blood circulatory system in a regulation of organism’s physiological functions and in a development of pathological processes is enormous. In this work the specifics of the vascular supply of the northern reindeer’s limbs are presented which are characterized by monotonous scheme. However, the northern reindeer has anatomic specific due to advanced second and the fifth dactyls. In this article there is determination of the development of forelimb’s arterial vessels of the northern reindeer during postnatal ontogenesis. In the postnatal period of development, the most intensive growth in the length and diameter of the great arteries is observed in the first year of the animal’s life, especially in the first month.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the microscopic structure of the cecum of ducks

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
D. S. Makhotina ◽  
◽  
M. M. Kushch ◽  
O. S. Miroshnykova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
First Year ◽  
Microscopic Structure ◽  
Serous Membrane ◽  
Health And Well Being

According to the literature review, there have been paid less attention to the peculiarities of the large intestine of domestic birds than to the small intestine. The cecum is studied mainly in terms of their microbiome and assessment of the state of the immune system through the study of the structure and cell composition of lymphoid formations. Researchers note the role of the cecum in productivity, maintaining the health and well-being of animals. The aim of the paper was to study the features of the microscopic structure of the caecum of ducks in the first year of the postnatal ontogenesis period. Determination of morphometric parameters of microstructures was performed on histological specimens from a cross section of the middle caecum of ducks 1-, 3-, 7-, 14- and 21-days old, 1-, 2- and 6-month old and 1-year-old. Active morphogenesis of intestinal microstructures was observed in 1-3-day-old ducks, as evidenced by the process of villi and crypt formation. The older ducks, their main feature of the microscopic structure of the cecum anatomy was the increase with age of their morphometric parameters, which was uneven and asynchronous. However, the density of villi and crypts did not change with the age of the bird. The indexes of adult birds morphometric parameters of the ducks cecum corresponded at different ages: the diameter of the intestine, the thickness of the serous membrane, the density of villi, the depth of the crypt – In 1 year; villi width – In 6-month; the thickness of the intestinal wall, its mucous membrane, the density of villi, their surface area, the height of the epithelium of the crypt – In 1 month; the height of the villi and their epithelium, the thickness of the muscular membrane and muscle plate - in 21 days; width and density of crypts – at 3 days sold. The most intensive increase in morphometric parameters of the caecal microstructures occurred in the first month of the postnatal period of ontogenesis, during which they changed most rapidly in the first week.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGY OF BRACHIAL PROFUNDA ARTERY OF THE DOMESTIC REINDEER’S THORACIC LIMB IN ONTOGENESIS

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
M. S. Potapov ◽  
K. R. Nifontov ◽  
A. N. Belogurov ◽  
S. V. Fedotov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Limb Length ◽  
First Year ◽  
Vascular Morphology ◽  
Thoracic Limb ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
The Absolute

The authors argue the reindeer’s vascular morphology is not sufficiently investigated. They focus on the distal part of the thoracic and pelvic limbs, which the reindeer steps on the ground and hurts it often, as it leads to necrobacterial lesions in summer. In the postnatal period of the reindeer growth, the most intensive one in the length and diameter of the main arteries is observed in the first year, especially in the first month. During this period, the newborn deer gets into the new conditions of existence and the organs of movement become more and more functional. By the age of 3 - 3.5 years, the growth of the main arteries in length is almost over. The paper explores the features of blood supply of the thoracic limbs of a domestic reindeer, caused by the prominent growth of the second and fifth fingers. The absolute growth of arterial length in newborns and deers aged 0.5 months is 0.6 cm per day. In the following years of life, the length is reduced to 0.03 cm in the reindeers aged 3 y.o. The relative diameter of the arteries to the limb length in the postnatal period decreases from 4.4% in newborns to 3.3% in old deer. The irregularity of changes in the absolute and relative development of the thoracic limb arteries can be explained by different growth of blood vessels, bones, joints and limb muscles.

scholarly journals Age features of topography and number of intestinal endocrinocytes in domestic duck

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
D. S. Makhotina ◽  
M. M. Kushch ◽  
O. Ie. Zhygalova ◽  
I. A. Fesenko
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Enterochromaffin Cells ◽  
First Year ◽  
Adult Bird ◽  
Age Features

The aim of the study was to determine the features of the topography and the number of the total population of endocrinocytes and enterochromaffin cells in the intestines of ducks during the first year of the postnatal period of ontogenesis. The experiments were performed on domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) of black white-breasted breed (n = 5) 9 groups: 1-, 3-, 7-, 14-, 21-days-old, 1-, 2-, 6-month-old and 1-year-old. Determination of the total population of endocrine cells (argyrophilic) and enterochromaffin (argentaffin) was performed on histological specimens made from cross-sections of the middle section of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and rectum, stained by Masson and Grimelius. The endocrine cells of 1- and 3-days-old ducks had a «superficial» location due to insufficient formation of crypts and villi. In older birds, in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, both argyrophilic and argentaffin APUD cells were localized mainly in crypts, and in the cecum and rectum, they were also in the epithelial layer of the villi. During the entire observation period, the highest content of both argyrophilic and argentaffin endocrinocytes in all intestines were found in 21-days-old ducks. Already at 3-days-old age, the total number of endocrine cells in various intestines corresponded to those of an adult bird. The highest number of argyrophilic and argentaffin endocrinocytes was found in the ileum and cecum, less in the rectum and jejunum, and the smallest number was in the duodenum. Enterochromaffin cells are the most common type of endocrinocytes in the ducks’ intestines, their relative content ranged from 40.1 to 97.5%. The highest relative content of argentaffin cells at 1-, 3- and 7-day-old was observed in the duodenum, at 14-day-old – in the duodenum and colon, at 21-day-old – in the rectum, at 1- and 2-month-old in jejunum, at the age of 6 month – in the duodenum, jejunum and caecum, and at the age of 1-year-old – in the ileum and cecum. In addition to argyrophilic endocrinocytes, which were located in the epithelium, other cells were found in the loose connective tissue of the villi base, the cytoplasm of which was also intensively impregnated with silver nitrate. Such cells were smaller and mostly oval in shape. Their cytoplasm was impregnated almost evenly around the nucleus and had no polarity in the location of the granules. Probably those were mast cells, which also contain bioamines, and, as well as enteroendocrinocytes, are found in the argyrophilic reaction.

Moderating role of social support on first-year college student outcomes

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Dickson ◽  
Colleen S. Conley ◽  
Kunal A. Patel ◽  
Daniel Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Student ◽  
Student Outcomes ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year College ◽  
College Student Outcomes ◽  
Moderating Role

A Molecular Approach to Immunoscintigraphy: A Study of the T-Antigen Conformation on the Surface of Tumors

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Selvaraj ◽  
M. R. Suresh ◽  
G. McLean ◽  
D. Willans ◽  
C. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Human Carcinomas ◽  
Animal Tumor ◽  
Synthetic Antigens

The role of glycoconjugates in tumor cell differentiation has been well documented. We have examined the expression of the two anomers of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen on the surface of human, canine and murine tumor cell membranes both in vitro and in vivo. This has been accomplished through the synthesis of the disaccharide terminal residues in both a and ß configuration. Both entities were used to generate murine monoclonal antibodies which recognized the carbohydrate determinants. The determination of fine specificities of these antibodies was effected by means of cellular uptake, immunohistopathology and immunoscintigraphy. Examination of pathological specimens of human and canine tumor tissue indicated that the expressed antigen was in the β configuration. More than 89% of all human carcinomas tested expressed the antigen in the above anomeric form. The combination of synthetic antigens and monoclonal antibodies raised specifically against them provide us with invaluable tools for the study of tumor marker expression in humans and their respective animal tumor models.

The Blood Supply to the Canine Palmar Metacarpal Sesamoid Bones

1995 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 76-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Cake ◽  
R. A. Read
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Arterial Supply ◽  
Sesamoid Bones ◽  
Vascular Compromise

SummaryEleven canine forelimbs were examined using either gross dissection or a modified Spalteholz technique to investigate the blood supply of the palmar metacarpal sesamoid bones. In addition, the sesamoid bones, from two prepared skeletons, were examined for the presence of vascular foramina. Multiple vascular foramina were observed over the sesamoid surface. The most consistent elements of the arterial supply were proximal vessels supplying the axial and dorsal abaxial sides of the bone. In addition, palmar and distal sources often made contributions to the blood supply. Various minor or occasional sources were noted. This study demonstrates that the palmar metacarpal sesamoid bones of the dog have an abundant but highly variable vascular supply.The blood supply of the canine palmar metacarpal sesamoid bones was examined, using several methods, in order to evaluate the possible involvement of vascular compromise in sesamoid disease. It was found that the sesamoid bones have an abundant blood supply which is presumably resistant to disruption.

On The Mechanism Of Heparin-Induced Potentiation Of Platelet Aggregation

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Yamamoto ◽  
K Watanabe ◽  
Y Ando ◽  
H Iri ◽  
N Fujiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Marked Enhancement ◽  
Matrix Bound ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets ◽  
Plasma Heparin

It has been suggested that heparin caused potentiation of aggregation induced by ADP or epinephrine. The exact mechanism of heparin-induced platelet activation, however, remained unknown. In this paper, we have investigated the role of anti-thrombin III ( AT ) in heparin-induced platelet activation using purified AT and AT depleted plasma. When ADP or epinephrine was added to citrated PRP one minute after addition of heparin ( 1 u/ml, porcine intestinal mucosal heparin, Sigma Co. USA ), marked enhancement of platelet aggregation was observed, compared with the degree of aggregation in the absence of heparin. However, in platelet suspensions prepared in modified Tyrode’s solution, heparin exhibited no potentiating effect on platelet aggregation induced by epinephrine or ADP. Potentiation of epinephrine- or ADP-induced platelet aggregation by heparin was demonstrated when purified AT was added to platelet suspensions at a concentration of 20 μg/ml. AT depleted plasma, which was prepared by immunosorption using matrix-bound antibodies to AT, retained no AT, while determination of α1-antitrypsinα2- macroglobulin and fibrinogen in AT depleted plasma produced values which corresponded to those of the original plasma when dilution factor was taken into account. The activities of coagulation factors were also comparable to those of the original plasma. Heparin exhibited potentiating effect on ADP- or epinephrine-induced aggregation of platelets in original plasma, but no effect in AT depleted plasma. When purified AT was added back to AT depleted plasma at a concentration of 20 μg/ml, potentiation of platelet aggregation by heparin was clearly demonstrated.Our results suggest that effect of heparin on platelet aggregation is also mediated by anti-thrombin III.

ІНТЕРПРЕТАЦІЯ КАТЕГОРІЇ РОЗВИТКУ В СУЧАСНІЙ ПСИХОЛОГІЇ

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Анжеліка Шамне
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Modern Psychology ◽  
Development Site ◽  
Approaches To Study ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Self Motion

У статті розглянуто сучасні підходи до інтерпретації категорії розвитку, розкрито теоретичні  та методологічні підходи до вивчення категорії розвитку у сучасній психології, визначено її психологічний  зміст,   моделі,   структуру   та   динаміку.   Категорія   розвитку   розглядається   як   епіцентр   наукової  проблематики у психології та як поняття інтегративного типу. Розвиток проаналізовано як категорію,  явище і проблему психології розвитку в різних аспектах аналізу. Розглянуто місце розвитку в системі  споріднених психологічних понять. У статті також аналізуються психологічні аспекти теоретичних та  методологічних  постнекласичних  тенденцій  вивчення  природи,  характеру  та  визначення  психічного  розвитку. Постнекласична парадигма та плюралістична методологія пізнання визначають розмитість  дисциплінарної мови  та  врахування  ролі  соціокультурного  контексту  при  вивченні  психологічних явищ.  Важливими тенденціями сучасного теоретико-методологічного стану психологічних досліджень розвитку  також є визнання неефективності моністичного підходу до його вивчення, взаємозв'язок теоретичних ідей  та   спроби   створення   метатеоретичних   схем,   постнекласичне   розуміння   розвитку   як   принципово  незавершеного   процесу   саморуху,   актуалізація   антропологічного   діапазону   проблем   та   посилення  спрямованості на роль культурного контексту в дослідженні розвитку людини.  The article deals with the modern approaches to the interpretation of the category of development, reveals  the theoretical and methodological approaches to study of development in modern psychology, its psychological  content, patterns, structure and dynamics. Category of development is viewed as an epicenter of scientific issues in  modern  psychology  and  the  concept  of  the  integrative  type.  Category  of  development  is  considered  as  the  phenomenon  and  the  problem  of  developmental  psychology  in  various  aspects  of  the  analysis.  Analyzed  the  development site in the related psychological concepts. The article analyzes the psychological aspects of theoretical  and methodological postnonclassical contemporary trends in the study of nature, character, and determination of  mental  development.  Postnonclassical  paradigm  and  pluralistic  methodology  of  knowledge  determine  the  disciplinary blurring and increase of the role of the analysis of socio-cultural context in the study of psychological  phenomenon. The important tendencies of modern theoretical and methodological state of psychological researches  of development are facts of inefficiency of the monistic approach to its study, interconnection of theoretical ideas  and   attempts   of  creating   metatheoretical   schemes,   postnonclassical   understanding   of   development   as   a  fundamentally  uncompleted  process  of  self-motion,  actualization  of  anthropological  range  of  problems  and  strengthening of focus on the role of cultural context in research of human development.   

Role of the family focused technologies in the clinical course of pregnancy at women of high obstetric risk

2016 ◽  
pp. 64-66
Author(s):  
S.Yu. Vdovichenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Group ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
Premature Births ◽  
Individual Support ◽  
The Family ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Individual Preparation

The objective: to show a role of the family focused technologies in depression of frequency of pathology of pregnancy at women of high obstetric risk. Patients and methods. For determination of efficiency of prophylaxis of pathology of pregnancy on the basis of use of the family focused technologies complex clinical-psychological and laboratory and tool examination of 300 women with factors of obstetric risk which were divided into two groups was conducted. In the main group – 182 women with motivation on partner labors to which provided training on system of individual preparation of married couple to labors. The comparison group consisted of 118 women who were not in prenatal training and had individual support in childbirth, with the traditional approach to pain management. Results. Use of the family focused technologies during pregnancy allows to reduce significantly the frequency of the main complications of pregnancy, especially not incubation and premature births. Conclusion. In our opinion, the technique is simple, available and can widely be used in practical health care at women with high obstetric risk. Key words: obstetric risk, the family focused technologies, prophylaxis.

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