scholarly journals Combining ability of early-maturing varieties of soft spring wheat by grain weight from the ear

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01024
Author(s):  
V.V. Novokhatan ◽  
T.V. Shelomentseva ◽  
T.A. Leonova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Heterosis Effect ◽  
Early Maturing

With the participation of early-maturing varieties, a topcross scheme of crossings was performed (10×4); maternal varieties: Pamyati Azieva, Altayskaya 92, Obskaya 14, SURENTa-6, Adeline, SURENTa-3, Voronezhskaya 12, Tyumenskaya rannyaya, Tulun 15, Tyumenskaya 27; testers - Iren, Novosibirskaya 15, Latona, Tulunskaya 12. In 2007, the Pamyati Azieva and Iren had a more productive ear – 0.88 g, in the dry year of 2008 - SURENTa-6, Adeline and Tulun 15 (0.80-0.82). The following strongly react to drought: Voronezhskaya 12, Tyumenskaya rannyaya, Iren, Latona, Novosibirskaya 15 (0.49-0.64 g). The Pamyati Azieva and SURENTa-3 are distinguished by increased CCA. Varieties with multidirectional CCA are recommended for synthetic breeding. SCA is distinguished in: Tyumenskaya rannyaya, SURENTa-3, in better conditions – SURENTa-6, Adeline, Iren, Tulunskaya 12, which allows them to be used in recombination breeding. Varieties with low indicators of CCA and SCA - Altayskaya 92, Obskaya 14, Tulun 15, Tyumenskaya 27 and Latona, are ineffective in breeding for productivity. The heterosis effect on the trait was manifested in 15-20% of the combinations, more significant in arid conditions.

scholarly journals Performance and variability for yield and yield contributing characters in spring wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-197
Author(s):  
MF Ferdous ◽  
AKM Shamsuddin ◽  
D Hasna ◽  
MMR Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
High Heritability

The present study was conducted with twenty bread wheat genotypes at the experimental field of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, during the period from November 2008 to March 2009 to assess performance of the genotypes, variability, heritability and genetic advance among yield and important yield contributing characters. Considering yield per plant the genotype Peacock was the best followed by BAW-1008, Pavon-76, Mayoor, Bulbul and BAW-1004. BAW-1008 was the early maturing genotype followed by Mayoor, BAW- 861, BAW-1004 and Balaka. BAW-970, Akbar, BAW-1004, Pavon-76, BAW-861 and BAW-1006 were semi dwarf in plant height as such they were of desired type. TP-1 and Mayoor were superior for effective tillers per plant. BAW- 1004 was the best genotype for spike length and grains per spike. For 100-grain weight Bulbul, for harvest index BAW-1006 was the best. Days to 90% maturity, plant height, grains per spike, 100-grain weight and harvest index exhibited high heritability. Among them grains per spike, 100-grain weight and harvest index showed high genetic advance in percentage of mean. Keywords: Spring wheat; Variability; Heritability; Yield contributing characters DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v8i2.7924 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 8(2): 195-197, 2010

Influence of heterosis value in spring wheat hybrids on the efficiency of valuable selection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Abramov ◽  
◽  
I.N. Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Wheat Hybrids

The article presents the results of the influence of the magnitude of heterosis on the main elements of the formation of yield (grain size and productivity of the main spike) of spring wheat in the Irkutsk region. The following were used as maternal varieties: Irgina, Krasnoyarskaya 83, Tulun 15, Tselinnaya 60, Altayskaya 92, Niva 2 and a variety from Mongolia Orkhon 85, as testers - Skala, Angara 86, Tulunskaya 12 The best indicators of hypothetical heterosis were manifested by the number of grains in ear in combinations Krasnoyarskaya 83 × Angara 86, Krasnoyarskaya 83 × Skala, Altai 92 × Skala (81.6 ... 85.7%). In terms of grain weight from the main spike, the best results of hypothetical heterosis were noted in hybrid combinations Krasnoyarskaya 83 × Angara 86, Orkhon 85 × Angara 86, Ni-va × Angara 86, Altai 92 × Angara 86 (100.0 ... 130.7%) ... Krasnoyarskaya 83 × Angara 86, Altai 92 × Angara 86, Or-khon × Angara 86 are recognized as the best hybrid combinations that can give the greatest yield of transgressive forms of elite plants.

scholarly journals Soybean Relative Maturity, Not Row Spacing, Affected Interseeded Cover Crops Biomass

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 441
Author(s):  
Hans J. Kandel ◽  
Dulan P. Samarappuli ◽  
Kory L. Johnson ◽  
Marisol T. Berti
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Crop Biomass

Adoption of cover crop interseeding in the northwestern Corn Belt in the USA is limited due to inadequate fall moisture for establishment, short growing season, additional costs, and need for adapted winter-hardy species. This study evaluated three cover crop treatments—no cover crop, winter rye (Secale cereale L.), and winter camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz)—which were interseeded at the R6 soybean growth stage, using two different soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) maturity groups (0.5 vs. 0.9) and two row spacings (30.5 vs. 61 cm). The objective was to evaluate these treatments on cover crop biomass, soil cover, plant density, and soybean yield. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield was also measured the following year. The early-maturing soybean cultivar (0.5 maturity) resulted in increased cover crop biomass and soil cover, with winter rye outperforming winter camelina. However, the early-maturing soybean yielded 2308 kg·ha−1, significantly less compared with the later maturing cultivar (2445 kg·ha−1). Narrow row spacing had higher soybean yield, but row spacing did not affect cover crop growth. Spring wheat should not follow winter rye if rye is terminated right before seeding the wheat. However, wheat planted after winter camelina was no different than when no cover crop was interseeded in soybean. Interseeding cover crops into established soybean is possible, however, cover crop biomass accumulation and soil cover are limited.

HETEROSIS IN DIALLEL CROSSES AMONG SIX VARIETIES OF HARD RED SPRING WHEAT

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Knott ◽  
S. S. Sindagi
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Crosses ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat

Diallel crosses were made among six varieties of hard red spring wheat that differed considerably in yield and other characteristics. The F1 hybrids were tested at two seeding rates and the F2, hybrids at one. Heterosis was not great in either generation and no cross appeared to be promising. General combining ability was much more important than specific combining ability and parental yields gave reasonable predictions of hybrid yields. Yields of hybrids at the two seeding rates were closely correlated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of adaptive capacity of genotypes of spring cereals in arid conditions of the Astrakhan region

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Valentina Aleksandrovna Fedorova ◽  
Nina Alekseevna Naumova ◽  
Ekaterina Vasylyevna Yachmeneva ◽  
Yulia Pavlovna Tarasenkova
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
Biological Plasticity

Objects of research were: spring wheat Saratovskaya 70-st, Cardinal, 3 Curenta, Madam, Nil avocet yr7's, Angarida; spring barley Ratnik-st, Medium 135, grace, Vakula, Brassa; spring oats Showjumping-st, Leo, Bulan, Kuranin. As a result of the study of these varieties of spring crops, the most adapted to local soil and climatic conditions samples were identified. The selected samples were distinguished by high biological plasticity, growth and development rates, maximum use of moisture, as well as the ability to form high grain yields.

scholarly journals ОЦІНКА КОМБІНАЦІЙНОЇ ЗДАТНОСТІ СОРТІВ ЯЧМЕНЮЯРОГО ЗА КІЛЬКІСНИМИ ОЗНАКАМИ В УМОВАХ ПІВНІЧНОГО СТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ

2014 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
В. В. Ващенко ◽  
О. О. Шевченко
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

У системі діалельних схрещувань п’яти сортів яч-меню ярого (Донецький 12, Донецький 14, Донецький 15,Прерія, Галактик) установлено особливості генети-чного контролю мінливості ознак: висота рослин,кількість зерен у колосі, маса 1000 зерен у відповід-ності зі співвідношенням варіанс специфічної комбі-наційної здатності (СКЗ) і загальної комбінаційноїздатності (ЗКЗ). Виділено й запропоновано сорти якджерела ознак висота рослин Галактик і Донецький14; кількість зерен у колосі – сорт Прерія; маса 1000зерен – сорт Донецький 15. Виділені зразки з високимі стабільним рівнем комбінаційної здатності запро-поновано використовувати в селекційній роботі. A total of diallel analysis varieties of springbarley Donetskiy 12, Donetskiy 14, Donetskiy 15,Prairie, Galactic set features genetic controlvariability characteristics: plant height, number ofgrains per ear, 1000 grain weight in accordance withthe ratio of variance of specific combining ability(SSI) and general combining ability (ZKZ).Identified and proposed as a source of variety traitsplant height and Donetsk 14, Galactic, the numberof grains per ear sort Prairie, weight of 1000 grainsDonetskiy 15. Samples of high and stable levels ofcombining ability is proposed to use in breedingwork have beeen celected.

scholarly journals Host-pathogen interaction between spring wheat and Septoria nodorum with reference to resistance breeding

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-66
Author(s):  
Reijo Karjalainen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Septoria Nodorum ◽  
Spore Concentration ◽  
Screening Techniques ◽  
Host Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Host-pathogen interaction between spring wheat and Septoria nodorum Berk. with applications for wheat breeding were studied. Ultrastructure of interactions was studied using electron microscopic techniques. Following inoculation, conidia of S. nodorum germinate, form appressoria anda penetration peg which directly penetrates through the cell walls. It is suggested that most penetration attempts fail because of cellular defence reactions, formation of papillae and cell wall alterations. Inoculation with low spore concentration reduced grain yield of Hankkija’s Taava cultivar by 10 % and 1000-grain weight by 14 %. Inoculation with high spore concentration on large plots of Tähti cultivar reduced grain yield by 32 % and 1000-grain weight by 18 %. Inoculation with high spore concentration on normal breeding plots of Tähti cultivar reduced grain yield by 35 % and 1000-grain weight by 21 % and the grain yield of Kadett cultivar by 27 % and 1000-grain weight by 20 %. Inheritance studies on F2 progenies of spring wheat crosses involving susceptible and moderately or highly resistant parents suggest that heredity component of symptom expression is moderate level and breeding success depends mainly on efficient screening techniques. Resistance was associated with tallness in crosses, and cultivar trials suggest that resistance is positively associated with late maturation time. Field screening techniques based on small plots and artificial inoculation showed that the most resistant entries were wild Triticum species and late and tall cultivars. Seedling plant tests based on attached seedling leaves and detached leaves revealed easily the most resistant and most susceptible cultivars. The overall correlation between seedling tests and field tests was quite high. The results are discussed in relation to wheat breeding strategies for resistance to S. nodorum.

scholarly journals AAC Redstar hard red spring wheat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew James Burt ◽  
D.G. Humphreys ◽  
J. Mitchell Fetch ◽  
Denis Green ◽  
Thomas Fetch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Moderately Resistant

AAC Redstar is an early maturing, high yielding hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar that is well adapted to the northern Canadian Prairies and eligible for grades of Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) wheat. Over three years (2016-2018) of testing in the Parkland Wheat Cooperative registration trials, AAC Redstar was 11% higher yielding than AC Splendor, 6% higher than Parata, and 4% higher than Glenn and Carberry. AAC Redstar matured 3 days earlier than Glenn, 2 days earlier than Carberry and had similar maturity to Parata. AAC Redstar was shorter than all checks except Carberry and had better lodging resistance compared to all the check cultivars in the registration trial. The test weight and thousand kernel weight of AAC Redstar were similar to Carberry. The grain protein concentration of AAC Redstar was 0.2% lower than Carberry. AAC Redstar was rated moderately resistant to Fusarium head blight, leaf rust, stripe rust and common bunt. AAC Redstar had resistant reactions to loose smut, and stem rust. AAC Redstar was registered under the CWRS market class.

scholarly journals Testcross performance and combining ability of early maturing maize inbreds under multiple-stress environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Annor ◽  
Baffour Badu-Apraku ◽  
Daniel Nyadanu ◽  
Richard Akromah ◽  
Morakinyo A. B. Fakorede
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Multiple Stress ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
West And Central Africa

Abstract Availability of multiple-stress tolerant maize is critical for improvement in maize production in West and Central Africa (WCA). A study was carried out to (i) assess a set of inbred lines for combining ability under stressed and optimal conditions, (ii) determine the performance of the testcrosses under different conditions, and (iii) identify outstanding hybrids across the conditions. Two hundred and five testcrosses were planted with five hybrid checks under Striga-infested, low soil nitrogen, drought and optimal conditions between 2015 and 2016 in Nigeria. The grain yield inheritance under optimal condition was largely regulated by additive gene effect whereas non-additive gene effects largely regulated grain yield under the three stresses. Four of the inbreds had significant positive general combining ability effects each under low N and drought, and three under Striga infestation for grain yield. The inbreds could be vital sources of beneficial alleles for development and improvement of tropical yellow maize hybrids and populations. Hybrids TZEI 443 x ENT 13 and TZEI 462 x TZEI 10 were high yielding and stable; they out-performed the three early maturing released hybrids in WCA. The new hybrids should be extensively assessed and released in the sub-region to improve food security.

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