scholarly journals Similarities and differences in trends of changes of the agroclimatic conditions of the main viticulture zones of the Krasnodar region

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Chernikov ◽  
Anna Marmorshtein ◽  
Valentina Popova ◽  
Galina Aleynikova
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Close Connection ◽  
Dryness Index ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Agroclimatic Indicators ◽  
Linear Trends

In this article are presented the results of studying the similarities and differences in the trends of changes of the agroclimatic conditions of the main viticulture zones of the Krasnodar region according to the data of the Temryuk, Anapa and Taman weather stations. The average values of heat and water supply indicators for two thirty-year (1961-1990, 1991-2020) and three twenty-year averaging periods (1961-1980, 1981-2000, 2001-2020) were obtained. Statistically significant changes in the average agroclimatic indicators were noted. The connection of the course of indicators between weather stations is determined, especially a close connection is noted in the indicators of Anapa and Temryuk. The values of linear trends in 1991-2020 for Anapa and Temryuk are calculated. Statistically significant trends are the growth of the accumulated air temperature above +10 °C in Anapa and Temryuk, a decrease in the moisture coefficient and an increase in the dryness index in Temryuk.

Measurement of indoor environmental parameters and analysis of the condensation phenomenon in urban utility tunnels

2022 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2110564
Author(s):  
Chuanmin Tai ◽  
Guansan Tian ◽  
Wenjun Lei
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Safe Management ◽  
Environmental Test ◽  
Water Supply Pipeline

Condensation is a major issue in the safe operation of utility tunnels. To address the condensation problem, the indoor air temperature, relative humidity (RH) and surface temperature in an urban utility tunnel in Jining were continuously measured, and the condensation conditions were surveyed and analysed. The results indicated that under natural ventilation conditions, the air temperature in the comprehensive cabin varied from 23.4°C to 24.5°C, the RH fluctuated between 86.4% and 95.3%, and the corresponding air dew point temperature (DPT) remained in the range of 22.2°C–22.9°C. The surface temperature of the water supply pipeline ranged from 17.8°C to 18.5°C, which was far lower than the DPT in the tunnel, resulting in serious condensation. A water supply pipeline with an anti-condensation design was developed based on environmental test data. A 25-mm-thick rubber plastic sponge insulation layer was used to thermally insulate the water supply pipeline, preventing further dew condensation. Furthermore, mechanical ventilation had little effect on reducing the RH in the tunnel and may actually cause dew condensation; therefore, a ventilation control mode was proposed in this study. These results are expected to provide basic data for further research and reference for the safe management of utility tunnels.

scholarly journals The Street Air Warming Phenomenon in a High-Rise Compact City

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxue Wang ◽  
Yuguo Li ◽  
Xinyan Yang ◽  
Pak Chan ◽  
Janet Nichol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Weather Stations

The street thermal environment is important for thermal comfort, urban climate and pollutant dispersion. A 24-h vehicle traverse study was conducted over the Kowloon Peninsula of Hong Kong in summer, with each measurement period consisting of 2–3 full days. The data covered a total of 158 loops in 198 h along the route on sunny days. The measured data were averaged by three methods (direct average, FFT filter and interpolated by the piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation). The average street air temperatures were found to be 1–3 °C higher than those recorded at nearby fixed weather stations. The street warming phenomenon observed in the study has substantial implications as usually urban heat island (UHI) intensity is estimated from measurement at fixed weather stations, and therefore the UHI intensity in the built areas of the city may have been underestimated. This significant difference is of interest for studies on outdoor air temperature, thermal comfort, urban environment and pollutant dispersion. The differences were simulated by an improved one-dimensional temperature model (ZERO-CAT) using different urban morphology parameters. The model can correct the underestimation of street air temperature. Further sensitivity studies show that the building arrangement in the daytime and nighttime plays different roles for air temperature in the street. City designers can choose different parameters based on their purpose.

Radius of influence of air temperature from automated weather stations installed in complex terrain

2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 1957-1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Javier Peña Quiñones ◽  
Bernardo Chaves Cordoba ◽  
Melba Ruth Salazar Gutierrez ◽  
Markus Keller ◽  
Gerrit Hoogenboom
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Complex Terrain ◽  
Radius Of Influence ◽  
Weather Stations

scholarly journals Water Supply and Temperature Effects on Some Nutritive Constituents of Direct Sown Onion

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila OMBÓDI ◽  
Andrea LUGASI ◽  
Hussein Gehad DAOOD ◽  
Mária BERKI ◽  
Lajos HELYES
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Dry Matter Partitioning ◽  
Nutritive Quality ◽  
Dry Conditions

Irrigation is a prerequisite for economical onion production under dry conditions. However, its effect on dry matter and nutrient content often remains a concern for growers. A direct sown onion hybrid was grown under open field, rain-fed and irrigated conditions for three years, investigating the effects of air temperature and water supply on some nutritive constituents. Dry matter, storage sugar, total flavonol and total polyphenol content showed strong positive correlation with average air temperature and negative correlation with water supply. However, irrigation had a positive effect on storage sugar and dry matter content. Presumably better water supply during dry periods ensured by irrigation provided the basis for higher photosynthetic production, and hereby more dry matter partitioning and accumulation in the bulb, a storage organ. An unexpected decrease in vitamin C content was experienced in 2011 and 2012, compared to the result of 2010, which was explained by the hot and dry conditions of the pre-harvest irrigation cut-off period. Fibre and ash content was found to be the most stable nutritional characteristics, affected neither by the environmental conditions, nor by the irrigation. Irrigation has proved to be very beneficial for direct sown onion, doubling bulb yield while not affecting the nutritive quality negatively.

scholarly journals Naturally triggered persistent deep slab avalanches in western Canada Part I: avalanche characteristics and weather trends from weather stations

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (232) ◽  
pp. 243-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL CONLAN ◽  
BRUCE JAMIESON
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Wind Loading ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Weather Model ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Median Maximum

ABSTRACTA database of difficult-to-forecast natural persistent deep slab avalanches was analyzed to determine thresholds for parameters that contribute to their release in western Canada. The database included avalanche observations and weather station data. The avalanches were grouped based on their primary cause-of-release, either precipitation loading, wind loading, solar warming or air temperature warming using a multivariate classification tree, which first split using a solar warming parameter. The precipitation group had a median 24 h snowfall of 15 cm and 3 d snowfall of 38 cm at weather stations, mostly at or below treeline. These amounts were likely closer between 20–30 and 50–80 cm at alpine start zones. The wind loading group experienced the most wind-transported snow potential. The solar warming group had predicted solar warming of 5.2°C, 10 cm into the snowpack, on the days of release. The air temperature warming group experienced the highest median maximum air temperature (5°C) on the days of release. These thresholds may be useful to forecast the likelihood of similar avalanches with experienced-based forecasting or with decision aids, although many false alarms are possible. A companion paper, Part II, relates weather model data to avalanche occurrences.

scholarly journals Cars as next generation mobile weather stations: an initial investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliano Andrea Pagani ◽  
Marcel Molendijk ◽  
Jan Willem Noteboom
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Ground Temperature ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Traction Control ◽  
The Future ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Positive Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Digital Equipment

<p>Modern automobiles are becoming more and more “computers on the wheels” having lots of digital equipment on board. Such equipment is both for the comfort and entertainment of the passengers and for their safety. Sensors play a key role in measuring several parameters of the car performance (e.g., traction control, anti-lock breaking system) and also environmental  parameters are observed directly (e.g., air temperature) or can be somehow inferred (e.g., precipitation via windscreen wipers activity/speed).</p><p>KNMI has been provided air temperature recorded every 10 minutes by thousands of vehicles driving in the Netherlands for the period January-October 2020. We have performed an initial exploratory temporal and spatial analysis to understand the most promising periods of the day and areas where sufficient data is available to perform a more thorough data analysis in the future. Furthermore, we have performed a correlation analysis between the outside temperature measured by cars and air and ground temperature observed by official weather station sensors placed at one location on the Dutch highways. The correlation results for three randomly selected days (with different weather conditions) show a good positive correlation coefficient ranging from 0.93 to 0.76 for car and station air temperature and from 0.91 to 0.67 for car temperature and station ground temperature.</p><p>This initial exploration paves the way to the use of (OEM) car data as (mobile) weather stations. We foresee in the future to use a combination of sensed variables from cars such as air temperature, traction control, windscreen wipers activity for example to improve observations of road slipperiness and related warning systems that are not restricted to Dutch highways only.</p>

Initial Results of Monitoring the Temperature on the Facade of Office Building

2019 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 411-418
Author(s):  
Peter Juras ◽  
Radoslav Ponechal ◽  
Daniela Štaffenová
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Wind Flow ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Outdoor Climate ◽  
Measurement Units ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Initial Results

This paper deals with creating of the unique measurement units on the building façade, which enable the possibility to conduct a full-scale measurement of the outdoor climate parameters around the building. The façade of the Research center building, which is a part of University of Zilina campus, is equipped with 36 weather stations to measure the outdoor climate conditions and impact of the building on the approaching wind flow, air temperature distribution, solar radiance impact on the façade etc.In this article, the change of temperatures within the time and place on the facade (sides, position, time), is monitored. This takes into account the surroundings of the building and the temperature on the façade and comparison to the measured “basic” air temperature.

Monitoring of the Airflow around the Façade of an Office Building

2019 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 579-586
Author(s):  
Peter Juras ◽  
Radoslav Ponechal
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Wind Flow ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Outdoor Climate ◽  
Measurement Units ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Very High

This paper describes measurement units on the building façade, which enable the possibility to conduct a full-scale measurement with a very high resolution of the outdoor climate parameters around the building. The façade of the Research center building, which is a part of University of Zilina campus, is equipped with 36 weather stations to measure the outdoor climate conditions and impact of the building on the approaching wind flow and air temperature distribution, solar radiance impact on the façade, etc. In this article, the wind flow around the building in different heights is monitored, analyzed and compared to the free wind flow.

scholarly journals Intra and inter ‘local climate zone’ variability of air temperature as observed by crowdsourced citizen weather stations in Berlin, Germany

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Fenner ◽  
Fred Meier ◽  
Benjamin Bechtel ◽  
Marco Otto ◽  
Dieter Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Zone ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Local Climate Zone

scholarly journals Three novel copula-based bias correction methods for daily ECMWF air temperature data

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fakhereh Alidoost ◽  
Alfred Stein ◽  
Zhongbo Su ◽  
Ali Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Bias Correction ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Conditional Quantiles ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Conditional Copula ◽  
Weather Stations

Abstract. Data retrieved from global weather forecast systems are typically biased with respect to measurements at local weather stations. This paper presents three copula-based methods for bias correction of daily air temperature data derived from the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The aim is to predict conditional copula quantiles at different unvisited locations, assuming spatial stationarity of the underlying random field. The three new methods are: bivariate copula quantile mapping (types I and II), and a quantile search. These are compared with commonly applied methods, using data from an agricultural area in the Qazvin Plain in Iran containing five weather stations. Cross-validation is carried out to assess the performance. The study shows that the new methods are able to predict the conditional quantiles at unvisited locations, improve the higher order moments of marginal distributions, and take the spatial variabilities of the bias-corrected variable into account. It further illustrates how a choice of the bias correction method affects the bias-corrected variable and highlights both theoretical and practical issues of the methods. We conclude that the three new methods improve local refinement of weather data, in particular if a low number of observations is available.

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