scholarly journals Mapping Of Leptospirosis Environmental Risk Factors and Determining the Level of Leptospirosis Vulnerable Zone In Demak District Using Remote Sensing Image

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 06003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Rahayu ◽  
Mateus Sakundarno Adi ◽  
Lintang Dian Saraswati
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spatial Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Zone ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
The Past

Leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease, transmitted to human trough contact with contaminated animal urine and contaminated environment. Demak District is an endemic area where cases increased in the past 2 years. The aim of the study was to map environmental risk factor of Leptospirosis and to determine Leptospirosis vulnerable zone using cross-sectional study design. There were 42 cases mapped by GPS and overlaid using remote sensing (Quickbird image) by using ArcView program then interpreted by Spatial Feature and Spatial Analyses. Leptospirosis cases were spread out and grouped in Demak Sub District area. More cases were males (61.9%), 21-50 years old age group (59.3%) and farmers (40.4%). Spatial analyses showed that all the leptospirosis cases took place in the area with low plain <47 msl, rainfall ≥220 mm/month (64.7%), clay soil (100%), buffer river <50 m (71.4%), presence of rat (100%), wastewater disposal (100%), waste disposal facilities (97.7%), flood’s profile (28.6%), tidal inundation’s profile (7.1%), vegetation (59.5%). Leptospirosis high-risk zone was in 37,801.8 ha (41.32%), moderate risk zone was 43,570.23 ha (48.55%), and low-risk zone was 9,090.96 ha (10.13%). Densely populated housing, bad environment condition, and the presence of rat and puddles that were contaminated by rat’s urine were risk factors of Leptospirosis cases in Demak District.

scholarly journals Gender-specific physical activity-related injuries and risk factors among university students in China: a multicentre population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e040865
Author(s):  
Weicong Cai ◽  
Shangmin Chen ◽  
Liping Li ◽  
Pengying Yue ◽  
Xiaofan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
University Students ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chinese University ◽  
Gender Specific

ObjectivesData on the problem of physical activity-related injury (PARI) in university students and the risk factors for PARI among different genders are rare. We conducted a multicentre population-based study to investigate the occurrence of PARI and to explore the gender-specific risk factors for PARI among Chinese university students.DesignCross-sectional study.ParticipantsA total of 5341 students in grades 1–3 at eight universities in four Chinese cities were selected to complete the online questionnaires during March and April 2017. The questionnaires assessed sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity PA) involvement, sleep duration, sedentary behaviour and PARI experiences in the past 12 months.Main outcome measuresPARI during the past 12 months.ResultsAmong the 5341 participants, 1293 suffered from at least one PARI in the past 12 months, with an overall incidence rate of 24.2% (males: 26.2%, females: 23.2%) and an injury risk of 0.38 injuries/student/year (males: 0.48, females: 0.32). Over half of the injured (57.3%) experienced a withdrawal time of PA and nearly two-fifths (39.6%) required medical attention. Irrespective of gender, Shantou and Xi’an students, sports team members and those who engaged in sports and leisure-time vigorous-intensity PA (VPA) at a higher frequency were more likely to suffer from PARI. Male students who participated in sports and leisure-time VPA for long durations had a greater likelihood of sustaining PARI, while having a chronic condition and being involved in sports and leisure-time moderate-intensity PA at a higher frequency and longer duration were potential contributors to PARI among females.ConclusionsThe occurrence of PARI and its risk factors differed by gender, which provides a direction towards developing targeted and effective gender-specific preventative programmes to protect Chinese university students from PARI.

scholarly journals Mapping And Analysis of Environmental Risk Factors Leptospirosis Incidence Based Geographic Information System (GIS) In Sampang Regency

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Annisa Rahim ◽  
Ririh Yudhastuti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Observational Descriptive Study

Abstract: One  of the  zoonosis in Indonesia is leptospirosis. Leptospirosis is caused due  to infection  of bacteria Leptospira. There  were  107 cases and  9 deaths due  to leptospirosis in Sampang. The  incidence of leptospirosis in Sampang was an outbreak. The purpose of this study  was to map the distribution  of leptospirosis cases in Sampang in 2013 and to analyze environmental risk factors of leptospirosis cases (rainfall, altitude, and the presence of flood). This study  was an observational-descriptive study  and used cross-sectional study  design. The unit of analysis  of the study was administrative  regions  based on the districts.  There was patients  of leptospirosis in 4 districts in Sampang regency, there are Sampang district, Camplong district Robatal district and Omben district. The highest incidence of leptospirosis in Sampang regency was occured in Sampang district with rainfall more than 177.6 mm,  altitude less  than 47mdpl, and had experienced flooding.  Mapping  the incidence of leptospirosis showed the distribution  of leptospirosis cases tend to be  concentrated in Sampang district which  had a history of flooding  status.  The conclusion is rainfall, altitude, and presence of flood are risk factors  of leptospirosis. The advice is to improve  surveillance of patients  with leptospirosis particularly during floods,  to do outreach to the community, to perform cross-sector cooperation, to avoid or to reduce the frequency of direct contact with the flood to minimize  transmission of leptospirosis.Keywords: leptospirosis incidence, risk factors,  mapping

scholarly journals Asthma, rhinitis and eczema symptoms in Quito, Ecuador: a comparative cross-sectional study 16 years after ISAAC

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001004
Author(s):  
Angelita Cabrera ◽  
Cesar Picado ◽  
Alejandro Rodriguez ◽  
Luis Garcia-Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
International Study ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Eye Symptoms

BackgroundIn 2003, the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) estimated the prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and eczema symptoms in Quito, Ecuador. Since then, no update of this study has been done in the last years. This study examined changes in the prevalence of asthma–rhinitis–eczema symptoms over a 16 years period in Quito and explored possible risk factors.MethodsWe conducted a comparative cross-sectional study in an adolescent population following the Global Asthma Network (GAN) methodology. A written questionnaire was used to explore symptoms of asthma–rhinitis–eczema. We calculated the prevalence and 95% CIs for each of the symptoms and compared them with the ISAAC results. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analysis using logistic regression to identify possible risk factors for recent wheeze, rhinitis and eczema.ResultsA total of 2380 adolescents aged between 13 and 14 years were evaluated. The prevalence of doctor diagnosis for asthma, rhinitis and eczema was 3.4%, 8.5% and 2.2%, respectively. Compared with ISAAC results, we found a lower prevalence of wheeze and eczema symptoms: wheeze ever (37.6% vs 12.7%), recent wheeze (17.8% vs 6.5%), asthma ever (6.9% vs 4.6%), recent rush (22.4% vs 13.9%) and eczema ever (11.7% vs 3.6%). The prevalence of rhinitis symptoms in the GAN study was higher than the ISAAC results: nose symptoms in the past 12 months (36.6% vs 45.8%) and nose and eye symptoms in the past 12 months (23.1% vs 27.9). Significant associations were observed between symptoms of asthma–rhinitis–eczema and sex, race/ethnicity, smoking habit, physical exercise and sedentary activities.ConclusionsIn the last two decades, the prevalence of asthma and eczema symptoms in adolescent population in the city of Quito has significantly declined; however, the prevalence of rhinitis symptoms has increased. The reduction in asthma symptoms could be related to better managing the disease and changes in local environmental risk factors in the last years. Further studies must be conducted in the country to evaluate the change in trends in asthma and other related allergic diseases.

scholarly journals Burnout syndrome among Thai intensivists and nurses in pre-COVID19 era

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatchai Laopakorn ◽  
Pimsai Kunakorn ◽  
Petch Wacharasint
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Icu Physicians

Background: Burnout syndrome (BOS), a work-related constellation of symptoms and signs, causes individuals emotional stress and is associated with increasing job-related disillusionment. ICU-BOS among Thai intensivists and ICU nurses has never been clarified. Methods & materials: We performed a multicenter, prospective cross-sectional study in 17 hospitals in Thailand. BOS-related data were collected from full time ICU physicians and ICU nurses using electronic questionnaires. ICU-BOS was defined when participants exhibited at least 1 of 3 aspects (depersonalization, emotion exhaustion and personal accomplishment) regarding the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Primary outcome was prevalence of ICU-BOS among intensivists and ICU nurses, and secondary outcomes were risk factors for ICU-BOS. Results: After a total of 193 electronic surveys were sent, 171 responders (ICU physicians n=66, ICU nurses n=105) were included in this analysis (88.6%). Overall prevalence of ICU-BOS was 62.6%. Using multivariate analysis, the risk factors for ICU-BOS among intensivists were 1) income <20,000 THB, 2) feeling of quitting caring for patients in an ICU within the past year, 3) need >2 holidays/wk and 4) patient’s ICU-LOS >5 days (adjusted odd ratio (OR) of 31.5, 15.9, 7.4, 14.9; p =0.04, 0.007, 0.035, 0.004 respectively). Risk factors for ICU-BOS among ICU nurses were 1) age >40 years, 2) ICU experience >5 years, 3) patient’s ICU-LOS >5 days, 4) nurse to patient ratio lower than 1:1 5) feeling assignments in the ICU were too numerous and 6) feeling of quitting caring for patients in an ICU within the past year (adjusted OR of 15.7, 4.6, 10.0, 68.7, 4.3, 5.3; p =0.009, 0.04, 0.004, 0.004, 0.04, 0.007 respectively). Conclusion: In this study, we found a high prevalence of ICU-BOS among Thai intensivists and ICU nurses. Co-independent risk factors for BOS were patient’s ICU-LOS >5 days and feeling of quitting caring for patients in an ICU within the past year.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of acute diarrhea in Pudong, Shanghai, China: prevalence, risk factors, and healthcare-seeking practices

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (13) ◽  
pp. 2735-2744 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-X. YU ◽  
W.-P. ZHU ◽  
C.-C. YE ◽  
C.-Y. XUE ◽  
S.-J. LAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Past ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
The World

SUMMARYDiarrhea is a common cause of morbidity and mortality and the incidence of diarrhea in the world has changed little over the past four decades. To assess the prevalence of and healthcare practices for diarrhea, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Pudong, Shanghai, China. In October 2014, a total of 5324 community residents were interviewed. Respondents were asked if they had experienced diarrhea (defined as ⩾3 passages of watery, loose, bloody, or mucoid stools within a 24-h period) in the previous month prior to the interview. The monthly prevalence of diarrhea was 4·1% (95% CI: 3·3–4·8), corresponding to an incidence rate of 0·54 episodes per person-year. The proportion of individuals with diarrhea who sought healthcare was 21·2% (95% CI: 13·4–29·0). Diarrhea continues to impose a considerable burden on the community and healthcare system in Pudong. Young age and travel were identified as predictors of increased diarrhea occurrence.

Self-Reported Home Environmental Risk Factors for Childhood Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study of Children in Buffalo, New York

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Lin ◽  
Marta I. Gomez ◽  
Syni-An Hwang ◽  
Jean Pierre Munsie ◽  
Edward F. Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Risk factors and prevalence of work-related injuries and accidents among veterinarians in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2555-2564
Author(s):  
SukhDev Mishra ◽  
Rajendra Palkhade
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Needlestick Injury ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Automobile Accidents ◽  
Work Related ◽  
The Past ◽  
Physical Hazards

Background and Aim: Veterinary medicine is a high-risk occupation and imparts a risk of physical injuries due to the unpredictable nature of the animals and workplace conditions. This study aimed to identify the associated risk factors and prevalence of work-related injuries, and automobile accidents among veterinarians in India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among veterinarians (n=565). The responses were recorded using a self-administered questionnaire on work-related injuries, automobile accidents, and physical hazards. Results: Work-related injuries due to animals in the past 2 years were reported by more than half of veterinarians (prevalence=54.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI]=50.58-58.79), while two-thirds experienced workplace injuries due to animals during any time of their career. The risk for injury was 1.1 times higher (odds ratio=1.1, 95% CI=0.611, 1.981) for veterinarians with a long job duration (>10 years). Large animal practicing veterinarians faced a higher (2.03 times) risk of injury. Workplace absenteeism due to animal-related injury (up to 15 or more days) was reported by 25.9% (95% CI=22.44-29.68) of respondents, including hospitalizations for 7.8% of veterinarians. More than half of veterinarians suffered from automobile injuries (prevalence=60.9%, 95% CI=6.8-64.8) due to work-related travel in the past 2 years, resulting in workplace absenteeism for 56.2% (95% CI=51.46-60.97) of subjects. The prevalence of needlestick injury among veterinarians was very high and reported as 80.9% (95% CI=77.49-83.99). Recapping of needles significantly increased the risk of needlestick injury by 1.67 times. Conclusion: Veterinarians are at risk of work-related injuries, including automobile accidents. Kicking by animals and needlestick injuries were the most frequent physical hazards. Recapping of needles and responding to emergency calls at night were significant risk factors for needlestick injury and automobile accidents, respectively.

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