scholarly journals Substantiation of the Technology of Efficient Transition to High Bench Stripping of Thick Coal Seams

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 01044
Author(s):  
Viktor Fedotenko ◽  
Ekaterina Esina
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Transport Equipment ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Maximum Development ◽  
High Bench

One of the most promising areas of increasing the open mining efficiency with the methods reducing the negative impact on the environment is the use of high overburden benches, including those on the basis of the stripping system with overburden transport. The use of high overburden benches in the open mining of steep and steeply dipping deposits ensures the growth of the completeness the deposit's reserves mining while simultaneously increasing the safety and efficiency of open mining operations and reducing the surrounding environmental impact. The justification of the parameters and the technology of an effective transition to the high bench stripping of thick coal deposits is performed. It is proved, that the transition to high overburden benches in the period of maximum development of mining operations provides the increase in the volume of additional recoverable mineral resources by 18-23% corresponding to the increase in the depth of the open pit mine and the period of its operation. At the same time, the length of transport routes and communications is reduced to 15%, as well as the number of transport equipment and the time for the transfer of machinery and equipment.

scholarly journals On the Measures to Solve Environmental Problems of the Territory with Intensive Open Pit Coal Mining

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Tatiana Gvozdkova ◽  
Pawel Stefanek ◽  
Michaela Koščová
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Disturbed Land ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
Suitable Form

Ecological problems in the open pit mining of coal deposits are extremely hard, since mining operations are accompanied by disturbed land to a large depth with significant changes in the landscape, hydrometeorological conditions, mixing of rocks and removal of infertile or even harmful rocks with radioactive isotopes to the surface. Disturbed lands are unusable if they are not repaired. All man-made disturbances of the environment caused by open pit mining are divided into landscape (changes in terrain, vegetation and soil cover) and environmental (violation of living conditions within the allotment and adjacent lands: changes in water regime, pollution of the soil, air and water basins) onesOne of the most important areas in the field of environmental protection is the reclamation (restoration) of the earth’s surface. In accordance with the requirements of the protection of the subsoil, enterprises engaged in the development of mineral deposits are obliged at their own expense to bring disturbed lands into a state suitable form for their further use. Reclamation of ought to be carried out during open pit mining operations and must be completed after mining of mineral resources in the terms established by the authorities that provide land for use.

scholarly journals Passive Experiments for Monitoring Mining Operations by Dragline at Kuzbass Open Pits – Estimation of Coal Losses

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 01030
Author(s):  
Alexei Selyukov ◽  
Kirill Byrdin
Keyword(s):  
Kuznetsk Basin ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Tectonic Disturbances ◽  
Dip Angle

The natural conditions for the formation of coal deposits in different regions of the globe are the same, all of them belong to reservoir sedimentary deposits and differ only in the degree of metamorphism and tectonic disturbances. In this regard, coal deposits of the Kuznetsk basin (Kuzbass, Western Siberia, Russia)) that have no analogues in nature are unique. Here are all sorts of options for the occurrence of coal seams both in terms of their thickness, dip angle, number, and the degree of disturbance by plicative and disjunctive disturbances. The article presents some results of research on ways to reduce coal losses in open pit mining during its extraction by draglines. The study was carried out on the example of deposits in Kemerovo region with coal seams in an inclined and steep formations, which allows analyzing the possibilities of applying the proposed technological solutions in the widest range of specific mining and geological conditions.

scholarly journals A GIS Software Module for Environmental Impact Assessment of the Open Pit Mining Projects for Small Mining Operators in Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6971
Author(s):  
Mikhail Zarubin ◽  
Larissa Statsenko ◽  
Pavel Spiridonov ◽  
Venera Zarubina ◽  
Noune Melkoumian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessment ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Software Module ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Gis Software

This research article presents a software module for the environmental impact assessment (EIA) of open pit mines. The EIA software module has been developed based on the comprehensive examination of both country-specific (namely, Kazakhstan) and current international regulatory frameworks, legislation and EIA methodologies. EIA frameworks and methods have been critically evaluated, and mathematical models have been developed and implemented in the GIS software module ‘3D Quarry’. The proposed methodology and software module allows for optimised EIA calculations of open pit mines, aiming to minimise the negative impacts on the environment. The study presents an original methodology laid out as a basis for a software module for environmental impact assessment on atmosphere, water basins, soil and subsoil, tailored to the context of mining operations in Kazakhstan. The proposed software module offers an alternative to commercial off-the-shelf software packages currently used in the mining industry and is suitable for small mining operators in post-Soviet countries. It is anticipated that applications of the proposed software module will enable the transition to sustainable development in the Kazakh mining industry.

scholarly journals On evaluation of complex-structured coal deposits based on their typical geometric features

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Alexander Katsubin ◽  
Victor Martyanov ◽  
Milan Grohol
Keyword(s):  
Surface Mining ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Large Length

Information about the geological structure of Kuznetsky coal basin (Kuzbass) allows us to note that coal deposits developed by open-cast method are characterized by complicated conditions and have the following features: large length of deposits at significant depths of occurrence; coal series bedding of different thicknesses (from 1 to 40 m); different dip angles (from 3 to 90º); a significant number of dip and direction disturbances; different thickness of unconsolidated quaternary sediments (from 5 to 40 m); a wide range of strength values of rocks. In addition, there is a thickness irregularity and frequent variability of elements of occurrence of coal seams within the boundaries of a quarry field both in length and depth of mining. From the point of view of open-pit mining, such deposits are complex-structured. The factors listed above have a decisive influence on the choice of technical means, the order of development and the possibility of carrying out surface mining operations. Therefore, there is a need for a systematization of mining and geological conditions for the development of coal deposits, the purpose of which is to ensure a process of evaluation of complex-structured coal deposits for the development of coal-bearing zones by various complexes of equipment.

scholarly journals The use of vibration monitoring to record the blasting works impact on buildings surrounding open-pit mines

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Anna Sołtys ◽  
Józef Pyra ◽  
Jan Winzer
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Vibration Monitoring ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mining Plant

Environmental protection law and geological and mining law require the mineral mining plant to protect its surroundings from the effects of mining operations. This also applies to the negative impact of vibrations induced by blasting works on people and construction facilities. Effective protection is only possible if the level of this impact is known, therefore it is necessary to record it. The thesis formulated in this way has been and continues to be the guiding principle of the research works carried out in the AGH Laboratory of Blasting Work and Environmental Protection. As a result of these works are procedures for conducting preventive activities by open-pit mines in order to minimize the impact of blasting on facilities in the surrounding area. An important element of this activity is the monitoring of vibrations in constructions, which is a source of knowledge for excavation supervisors and engineers performing blasting works, thus contributing to raising the awareness of the responsible operation of the mining plant. Developed in the Laboratory of the Mine's Vibration Monitoring Station (KSMD), after several modernizations, it became a fully automated system for monitoring and recording the impact of blasting works on the surrounding environment. Currently, there are 30 measuring devices in 10 open-pit mines, and additional 8 devices are used to provide periodic measurement and recording services for the mines concerned.

Landslide stabilization experience in Urtui open pit mine

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
O. A. Isyanov ◽  
◽  
D. I. Ilderov ◽  
V. I. Suprun ◽  
S. A. Radchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Stability Control ◽  
Open Pit Mine ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Early Access

Instability of pit wall slopes is the most critical accident in open pit mining. The risk of damages to pit walls is proportional to the height of exposed surfaces and to the time of exposure. Among many factors governing pit wall stability, the major factor is geological structure and weakening zones in rock mass. Deformation processes are initiated in host rock mass of coal seams mostly because of undercutting of weak interlayers. Alongside with local undercutting, another cause of landslides is transition of coal mining from down-dip extraction to up-dip extraction. The sequence of mining and morphology of weak interlayers also have influence on initiation and evolution of deformations. The basic component of engineering solutions on pit wall stability control is optimization of mining sequence and methods of accessing working horizons in open pit mines. Large-scale deformation of Western and Southeastern pit walls in Urtui mine could be avoided using the optimized sequence of mining operations. For example, mining advance mostly along the curve of the Urtui centroclinal fold, with early access and destress of the eastern and, first of all, western wings of the fold could make it possible to evade from up-dip mining of coal seams and, as a consequence, to solve the major geomechanical problems in the open pit mine.

On the Need to Revise the Rules for the Protection of Structures and Natural Objects from the Harmful Effects of Mining

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
S.B. Kulibaba ◽  
◽  
E.V. Fedorov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Coal Extraction ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Earth Surface ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Natural Objects ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Mining Coal

Conditions for the coal extraction under the built-up areas and natural objects in the Russian Federation are fully regulated by the Rules for the protection of structures and natural objects from the harmful effect of the underground mining at the coal deposits. Determination of the degree of danger of effecting mining operations on these objects, and the choice of measures for their protection are carried out based on the calculation of the earth surface deformations. The purpose of the work is to develop proposals for the modernization of the current regulatory and methodological document based on the analysis of the compliance of its provisions with the modern conditions of the deposits underground mining. Experience of applying the document under consideration in the modern conditions of the development of coal deposits showed that many of its provisions contain a number of inaccuracies, in particular: ambiguity in determining the boundaries of the zone of dangerous influence of the underground mining; lack of a methodology for predicting the period of damping of the process of earth surface damage after stopping the working face; limited conditions for determining the standard deformation indicators for civil buildings, etc. In addition, in this document, only the underground method of mining coal seams is considered, while the more promising is a combined development, combining underground and open-pit methods. The problem of inconsistency of the current rules provisions with the modern conditions can have a very negative effect on the safe state of the undermined objects. Based on the analysis of the identified shortcomings, a number of proposals for improving the rules was developed. In particular, it was proposed to expand them by including the rules and regulations of the combined method of deposits development. It is also required to update the normative and methodological parts of the document bringing them in line with the modern conditions of deposit development considering the accumulated experience of the objects undermining, and the results of the latest studies of rock mass deformation.

scholarly journals Methodological approach to creation of the 3D model of an oval-shaped open pit mine

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 01049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serik Moldabayev ◽  
Bolatbek Rysbaiuly ◽  
Zhanat Sultanbekova ◽  
Nurzhigit Sarybayev
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Quality Criterion ◽  
Open Pit Mine ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Optimization Task ◽  
Phased Development

A 3D model of optimal contours phased development of oval-shaped open pit mines is proposed in the article. It is assumed that with enough accuracy the volumetric contour of the open pit mine is interpolated by an elongated elliptic hyperboloid. The calculation formulas for mineral resources are derived and optimal volumes of overburden are determined depending on the mining phase. In this case, the total number of mining phases is set in advance. The stripping ratio is used as a quality criterion of the optimization task. The problem of optimal control is solved using the Bellman function in dynamic programming. All the necessary calculation formulas are obtained in the final form by solving the optimization problem. Their simplicity and substantiation of each conclusion ensure that the results of this study can be successfully applied in practical calculations of the design and planning of mining operations in open pit mining.

scholarly journals Technological schemes of coal extraction in closed mines with the use of backhoes

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 01059
Author(s):  
Vladimir Makarov ◽  
Valery Kolesnikov ◽  
Dawid Szurgacz
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Coal Extraction ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Coal Reserves

At the present time on the fields of operating and closed-down mines there are sections of open-pit operations. However, the adopted technology does not meet environmental requirements, there are no scientific recommendations on the technology of open-pit mining in hazardous areas of mine fields, there is no substantiation of the boundary contours of open-pit mining. A characteristic feature of depleted mine fields is the disturbed rock mass and the lack of concentrated coal reserves within their boundaries. In fact, coal reserves are represented in the form of fragmentary volumes of safety pillars and substandard reserves in places of geological disturbances. Limitation of mine fields in terms of various infrastructure objects imposes special requirements for mining operations. In these conditions it is not possible to apply the classic mining systems and technologies. This predetermines the necessity to develop new technological solutions. Therefore, scientific research on justification of technology for extraction of remaining reserves of coal after underground development of inclined and steep-sloping coal deposits with simultaneous reclamation of disturbed lands is actual.

scholarly journals Digital Technologies as a Factor in Reducing the Impact of Quarries on the Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 436-454
Author(s):  
Mikhail Zarubin ◽  
Venera Zarubina ◽  
Kadyrgali Jamanbalin ◽  
Darkhan Akhmetov ◽  
Zhaukhar Yessenkulova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Software Product ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The industrial development of mankind is based on the intensive use of natural resources of the planet. The development of the mining industry is a necessary and important factor for the successful development of the national economy. At the same time, mining has a significant impact on environmental degradation. Methods for assessing and minimizing the environmental impact of mining have only been developed in practice in the last 50 years and differ significantly from country to country. The article analyses the approaches and methodologies for environmental impact assessment (EIA) based on international and national standards. The methods used in Kazakhstan and the countries of the European-Asian Economic Union (EurAsEU) are critically evaluated. The developed mathematical models are implemented in the form of digital solutions and implemented in the module of the cloud system ‘3D Quarry’. The methodology proposed by the authors for use and the developed software product allow optimizing mining operations at quarries according to the parameters of minimizing their negative impact on the environment. At the same time, it is mandatory to comply with mandatory national and international regulations. The proposed 3D Quarry system and the EIA module are an alternative to commercial software products (and their pirated copies, often used by companies in the countries under study) and are aimed at small mining companies in post-Soviet countries. It is expected that the application of the proposed software product will allow, within the technological capabilities, to minimize the impact of quarries on the environment of Kazakhstan.

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