scholarly journals Analysis of tectonic activity of the North Anatolian Fault based on SBInSAR method

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 00005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Owczarz
Keyword(s):  
North Anatolian Fault ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry ◽  
The North ◽  
Tectonic Faults ◽  
Surface Displacements ◽  
Active Tectonic ◽  
Small Baseline

The North Anatolian Fault situated in Turkey is one of the longest and most active tectonic faults in the world. The paper presents an analysis of tectonic activity in its area based on the method of Small Baseline Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry. For this purpose 73 satellite SAR images and specialized software GMT5SAR were used with implement the SBAS algorithm. In addition, the most important aspects of data processing and their final products were presented, which determined the surface displacements occurring in the surveyed area from 1 January 2014 to 1 March 2017. The displacements of the SBAS surface area ranged from -10 cm to +10 cm. Based on the obtained results and their analysis, the author also assessed the suitability of SBInSAR technology for areas of land displacement.

Surface effects and tectonic setting of the 13 December 1982 North Yemen earthquake

1987 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 2018-2037
Author(s):  
George Plafker ◽  
Robert Agar ◽  
A. H. Asker ◽  
M. Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Main Shock ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Active Volcanism ◽  
The North ◽  
Surface Displacements ◽  
Southwestern Margin ◽  
Surface Manifestation ◽  
Epicentral Region

Abstract The North Yemen earthquake (Mb = 6.0) of 13 December 1982 is the first earthquake in the southern Arabian Peninsula known to be accompanied by surface displacements. The extensive destruction and loss of lives resulted entirely from widespread collapse of unreinforced masonry and mud brick structures; maximum Modified Mercalli intensity was probably VII to VIII. The only surface manifestation of tectonic activity was the occurrence of earthquake-related extensional ground cracks in the epicentral region. The cracks occur mainly in four relatively continuous north- to northwest-trending linear zones that range from a few hundred meters to 15 km in length and in irregular areas of polygonal extension cracks. The area within which the cracks occur is 22.5 km long by about 10 km wide. Continued dilation across some cracks was measured almost 1 month after the main shock. Seismicity and active volcanism in this region are inferred to reflect slow extension of the southwestern margin of the Arabia plate perpendicular to the Red Sea spreading axis.

scholarly journals A Covariance-Based Approach to Merging InSAR and GNSS Displacement Rate Measurements

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Alessandro Parizzi ◽  
Fernando Rodriguez Gonzalez ◽  
Ramon Brcic
Keyword(s):  
Real Data ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry ◽  
The North ◽  
Spatial Frequencies ◽  
Gnss Measurements ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Gnss Data

This paper deals with the integration of deformation rates derived from Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data. The proposed approach relies on knowledge of the variance/covariance of both InSAR and GNSS measurements so that they may be combined accounting for the spectral properties of their errors, hence preserving all spatial frequencies of the deformation detected by the two techniques. The variance/covariance description of the output product is also provided. A performance analysis is carried out on realistic simulated scenarios in order to show the boundaries of the technique. The proposed approach is finally applied to real data. Five Sentinel-1A/B stacks acquired over two different areas of interest are processed and discussed. The first example is a merged deformation map of the northern part of the Netherlands for both ascending and descending geometries. The second example shows the deformation at the junction between the North and East Anatolian Fault using three consecutive descending stacks.

Use of Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar for Offshore Wave Analysis

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose´ C. Nieto-Borge ◽  
Susanne Lehner ◽  
Tobias Schneiderhan ◽  
Johannes Schulz-Stellenfleth ◽  
Andreas Niedermeier
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Wave Spectrum ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Aperture Radar

Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is able to provide sea state information on a global scale by means of the directional wave spectrum. Recent developed algorithms have been developed to obtain additional information in the spatial domain rather than the spectral domain. These methods permit to detect of individual wave heights, wave groupiness in open sea areas, as well as surface wind fields. This work shows the capabilities of spaceborne SAR to extract offshore information about individual waves and wave grouping for areas of about 100 × 100 square kilometers. The methods are applied to ERS-2 SAR images of the North Sea over areas close to the location of some oil platforms. Results obtained in the vicinity of the Ekofisk platform are shown. In addition, ERS-2 SAR images taken on January 1, 1995 over the Draupner platform in the North Sea are analyzed. These SAR images were taken at the approximate time when the wave record known as “new year wave” was measured.

scholarly journals Estimation of three-dimensional crustal movements in the 2011 Tohoku-Oki, Japan, earthquake from TerraSAR-X intensity images

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Liu ◽  
F. Yamazaki ◽  
M. Matsuoka ◽  
T. Nonaka ◽  
T. Sasagawa
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
Crustal Movements ◽  
Surface Displacements ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Intensity Images ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gps Observations

Abstract. The Tohoku-Oki earthquake on 11 March 2011 caused significant widespread crustal movements. In a previous study, we proposed a method for capturing two-dimensional (2-D) surface displacements from a pair of pre- and post-event TerraSAR-X (TSX) intensity images. However, it is impossible to detect three-dimensional (3-D) displacements from one pair of TSX images. In this study, three pairs of pre- and post-event TSX images taken on different paths were used to estimate 3-D crustal movements. The relationship between the actual 3-D displacements and the converted 2-D movements in the synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) images was derived based on the observation model of a SAR sensor. The 3-D movements were then calculated from three sets of detected 2-D movements that occurred within a short time period. Compared with GPS observations, the proposed method was found to be capable of detecting the 3-D crustal movements with sub-pixel accuracy.

Evaluating ScanSAR Interferometry Deformation Time Series Using Bursted Stripmap Data

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 2335-2342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. Buckley ◽  
Krishnavikas Gudipati
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Radar Interferometry ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Image Pair ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
Interferometric Phase ◽  
Burst Pattern ◽  
Burst Synchronization ◽  
Small Baseline

We demonstrate scanning synthetic aperture radar (ScanSAR) advanced radar interferometry processing for surface deformation time series analysis. We apply the small baseline subsets (SBAS) technique to ScanSAR data synthesized from 40 ERS-1 and ERS-2 stripmap SAR images over known deformation in Phoenix, Arizona. The strategy is to construct a burst pattern similar to Envisat ScanSAR data for two scenarios, namely, an idealized 100% burst overlap case and a realistic variable-burst synchronization case in which any image pair has at least 50% burst overlap. We And this latter scenario to be reasonable based on an assessment of the effect of burst overlap on Phoenix interferometric phase coherence. The differences between the variable burst overlap ScanSAR and stripmap SAR SBAS-derived pixel velocities have a mean of 0.02 cm/year and a standard deviation of 0.02 cm/year. It is noted that one can expect SBAS velocity and displacement one-sigma errors of 0.1 cm/year and 0.5 cm, respectively, from multilooked stripmap data. We observe that 96% and 99% of the variable burst overlap ScanSAR pixel velocities are within ±0.1 and ±0.2 cm/year (one- and two-sigma), respectively, of our stripmap SAR pixel velocities. These results are similar to those reported for SBAS analysis applied to low-resolution multilook interferograms derived from coherence-preserving down sampling of stripmap data. We also And that the rms deviations between variable burst overlap ScanSAR and stripmap SBAS displacement estimates are 0.40 ± 0.30 cm. 68% and 94% of the variable burst overlap ScanSAR pixel displacements are within ±0.5 and ±1.0 cm, respectively, of the stripmap displacements.

scholarly journals VERTICAL LAND MOTION AND INUNDATION PROCESSES BASED ON THE INTEGRATION OF REMOTELY SENSED DATA AND IPCC AR5 SCENARIOS IN COASTAL SEMARANG, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizki Nandika ◽  
Setyo Budi Susilo ◽  
Vincentius Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Vertical Land Motion ◽  
Small Baseline Subset ◽  
Small Baseline

Vertical land motion (VLM) is an important indicator in obtaining information about relative sea-level rise (SLR) in the coastal environment, but this remains an area of study poorly investigated in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to investigate the significance of the influence of VLM and SLR on inundation. We address this issue for Semarang, Central Java, by estimating VLM using the small baseline subset time series interferometry SAR method for 24 Sentinel-1 satellite data for the period March 2017 to May 2019. The interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) method was used to reveal the phase difference between two SAR images with two repetitions of satellite track at different times. The results of this study indicate that the average land subsidence that occurred in Semarang between March 2017 and May 2019 was from (-121) mm/year to + 24 mm/year. Through a combination of VLM and SLR scenario data obtained from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it was found that the Semarang coastal zone will continue to shrink due to inundation (forecast at 7% in 2065 and 10% in 2100).

scholarly journals Paleostress Analysis of Chia Gara Structure in Dohuk Area, Northern Iraq

2020 ◽  
pp. 1383-1391
Author(s):  
Atheer E. K. AL- Hachem
Keyword(s):  
Principal Stress ◽  
Great Circle ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
The North ◽  
Tectonic Events ◽  
Active Tectonic ◽  
Vertical Thickness ◽  
Paleostress Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Period

The use of Right dihedral method, Lisle graph, and Mohr diagram allows the analysis of the paleostress. Fault slip data were measured for eighteen data of two stations located within Chia Gara structure in Dohuk area in the High Folded Zone, Northern Iraq. Depending on Mohr diagram, Bott equation, and vertical thickness, the magnitudes of the paleostress at the time of the tectonic activity were determined. Firstly, Georient Software was used to estimate the orientation of the paleostresses (σ1, σ2 and σ3). Secondly, using the rupture –friction law, taking into account the depth of the overburden, the vertical stress (σv) was calculated to determine the magnitude of the paleostresses in the study area. The values in station one (hinge area, eight data) were σ1=7100, σ2=4121.5, and σ3=1143 bars, whereas the values in station two (the north limb of structure, ten data)  were σ1=3740, σ2=1585, and σ3=570 bars. The high magnitudes of the principal stress axes may refer to the active tectonic events which led to the deformation of the area during the Mesozoic Era and the Tertiary period. The study area shows the existence of two types of the faults, the first type is the reactivated faults, the poles of which lie between the sliding line and Mohr envelope. The second type is the inactive faults, with poles lying on the great circle of Mohr diagram

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