scholarly journals Blasting Delay Pattern Development in the Light of Rockburst Prevention – Case Study from Polish Copper Mine

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 01012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Mertuszka ◽  
Marcin Szumny ◽  
Andrzej Wawryszewicz ◽  
Krzysztof Fuławka ◽  
David Saiang
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Blasting Pattern ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Pattern Development ◽  
Mining Face ◽  
Prevention Methods

In order to reduce the risk of induced seismicity related to underground mining, a number of preventive actions are applied in the form of passive and active prevention methods. The former are mainly of an organisational nature and their effectiveness is usually considered in the long term, while the active methods are mostly based on the detonation of explosives and are aimed to release the seismic energy accumulated in the rock mass. In this paper, modifications of the firing pattern aimed to concentrate the paraseismic vibrations while maintaining the appropriate excavation of the mining face has been verified on the basis of underground tests. The evaluation was based on fragmentation analysis. The obtained results confirmed, that the blasting pattern modifications related to the reducing of the face firing time do not cause significant differences in terms of the appropriate excavation of the mining face.

scholarly journals Assessing the Capacity of Adaptive Policy Pathways to Adapt on Time by Mapping Trigger Values to Their Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Raso ◽  
Jan Kwakkel ◽  
Jos Timmermans
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Level Of Confidence ◽  
Adaptive Policy ◽  
Misclassification Errors ◽  
The Future ◽  
Adaptive Action ◽  
The Face

Climate change raises serious concerns for policymakers that want to ensure the success of long-term policies. To guarantee satisfactory decisions in the face of deep uncertainties, adaptive policy pathways might be used. Adaptive policy pathways are designed to take actions according to how the future will actually unfold. In adaptive pathways, a monitoring system collects the evidence required for activating the next adaptive action. This monitoring system is made of signposts and triggers. Signposts are indicators that track the performance of the pathway. When signposts reach pre-specified trigger values, the next action on the pathway is implemented. The effectiveness of the monitoring system is pivotal to the success of adaptive policy pathways, therefore the decision-makers would like to have sufficient confidence about the future capacity to adapt on time. “On time” means activating the next action on a pathway neither so early that it incurs unnecessary costs, nor so late that it incurs avoidable damages. In this paper, we show how mapping the relations between triggers and the probability of misclassification errors inform the level of confidence that a monitoring system for adaptive policy pathways can provide. Specifically, we present the “trigger-probability” mapping and the “trigger-consequences” mappings. The former mapping displays the interplay between trigger values for a given signpost and the level of confidence regarding whether change occurs and adaptation is needed. The latter mapping displays the interplay between trigger values for a given signpost and the consequences of misclassification errors for both adapting the policy or not. In a case study, we illustrate how these mappings can be used to test the effectiveness of a monitoring system, and how they can be integrated into the process of designing an adaptive policy.

scholarly journals Maintaining Effort and Interest despite Challenges during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Process Tracing Approach to a Teacher’s Grit during an Online L2 Course

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Majid Elahi Shirvan ◽  
Nigel Mantou Lou ◽  
Mojdeh Shahnama ◽  
Elham Yazdanmehr
Keyword(s):  
Online Teaching ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Online Course ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
The Face ◽  
Teacher Effort ◽  
Cluster Analytic

Grit—the ability to maintain effort and interest for long-term goals—is argued to be an important individual factor for achievement, especially in the face of obstacles. However, little research has examined the possible fluctuations of effort and interest and how challenges may trigger the changes of effort and interest. In this study, we measured a teacher’s grit at the beginning of an online course during the COVID-19 pandemic, and we focused on the changes in a teacher’s effort and interest throughout the course. In this case study we unpacked the explanations of possible changes in grit via process tracing. Despite the fact that the teacher scored high on the grit scale, we found that the sudden shift from in-person to online teaching had put much pressure and demand on the teacher. The new teaching challenge influenced the teacher’s self-evaluation of their teaching performance and students’ engagement, which led to changes in effort and interest. Therefore, we argue that one’s average grit (e.g., measured by grit scale) cannot be the representation of their ability to maintain interest and effort on different occasions due to the influence of different situational causes or pressure. Specifically, during the course, the teacher’s effort and interest underwent changes on four occasions, characterized by four distinct dynamic patterns in terms of the interaction of high and low interest and effort. The four emerging patterns of L2 teacher effort and interest indicate that the construct of grit could be explained in terms of four dynamic clusters or archetypes. This study provides implications for understanding the complex dynamic nature of grit, which can be further explored through cluster analytic approaches in future studies.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of reducing seismic hazard by means of group winning blasting - case study from a copper ore mine in Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Anna Barbara Gogolewska ◽  
Natalia Czajkowska
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Event ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Underground Mines ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Ore Deposit ◽  
South West ◽  
Effective Operation ◽  
Before And After

The copper ore deposit situated in the south-west of Poland is mined by three underground mines owned by KGHM Polish Copper JSC. Exploitation has been accompanied by rock burst hazard since the beginning. Thus, numerous different preventing measures have been developed such as temporary, organizational and long-term ones. However, no one has been able to predict the time, place and energy of a seismic event. The group winning blasting, with maximum number of blasted faces, is the most effective operation to reduce seismic threat. The more faces are blasted the more seismic energy should be reduced. The study aims at assessing the blasting effectiveness in inducing rock bursts and tremors. For this purpose, the seismic activity induced by mining and blasting were investigated. The number of blasting works and blasted faces as well as length of time between subsequent blasting works were analysed and related to provocation effectiveness. The linear correlation and different regressions were calculated to determine these relations. Moreover, the seismic energy reduction in the rock mass was evaluated by means of SRMS Index, which is a factor measured directly before and after blasting. The analyses covered one mine panel in the Polkowice-Sieroszowice copper mine over four-year period.

scholarly journals Critical Infrastructure in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
Rafał Wróbel ◽  
Ilona Wróbel
Keyword(s):  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Protective Capacity ◽  
Infrastructure Systems ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
The Face ◽  
Governmental Institutions ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
Critical Infrastructure Systems

Purpose: The paper presents the results of the review of literature and of the legal regulations in the field of the protection of critical infrastructure in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic. The assumed main goal was to determine the requirements for protecting elements catalogued in 11 critical infrastructure systems, in the face of the risk of losing key personnel and the need to maintain continuity of critical infrastructure operations. Introduction: The first part of the paper discusses the essence and methods of identifying critical infrastructure in Poland. Further on, possible clauses were identified of an epidemic and its impact on individual critical infrastructure systems, with particular focus on the fact that if an epidemic occurs, there may be a temporary or long-term shortage of personnel essential to the business continuity of the facilities, installations and elements included in critical infrastructure. Then, the legal solutions for maintaining the operating continuity of critical infrastructure during COVID-19 implemented in 2020 were presented, pointing to legal tools aimed at ensuring the resilience of critical infrastructure by securing key resource, i.e. the employees. Methodology: Literature research and qualitative analysis were carried out of the legal acts announced in 2020 related to enhancing the resilience of critical infrastructure, and a review was carried out of the recommendations and guidelines addressed to critical infrastructure operators, which were issued in March and September of 2020. The obtained results were analysed using the following: publications, acts of the Polish law, recommendations and guidelines published on the websites of governmental institutions, interviews with independent experts. Conclusions: The first regulations on specific arrangements meant to prevent, counteract and combat COVID-19, other contagious diseases and crisis situations caused by them did not contain any provisions that would be supportive of the protective capacity of the critical infrastructure elements in Poland. The first document in this respect, RCB guidelines of 16 March 2020 have not been formalised yet in the legal system. The so-called Shield 2.0 of 31 March 2021 introduced to the 15x of the COVID-19 Act the tools for specific employers entitled to take advantage of new, previously unavailable opportunities to ensure the continuity of services. Those entitlements made it possible to change the work system or work schedule of employees, to instruct them to work overtime, as well as to refuse to grant annual leave or to cancel it. Keywords: critical infrastructure, pandemic, COVID-19, law, key personel Type of article: case study

scholarly journals Self-resolving Information Markets: An Experimental Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-67
Author(s):  
Kristoffer Ahlstrom-Vij ◽  
Nick Williams
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Information Markets ◽  
External Event ◽  
Time Horizons ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Face ◽  
Trading Behaviour

On traditional information markets (TIMs), rewards are tied to the occurrence (or non-occurrence) of events external to the market, such as some particular candidate winning an election. For that reason, they can only be used when it is possible to wait for some external event to resolve the market. In cases involving long time-horizons or counterfactual events, this is not an option. Hence, the need for a self-resolving information market (SRIM), resolved with reference to factors internal to the market itself. In the present paper, we first offer some theoretical reasons for thinking that, since the only thing that can be expected to be salient to all participants on a SRIM is the content of the question bet on, a convention will arise of taking that question at face value, and betting accordingly, in which case trading behaviour on SRIMs can be expected to be identical to that on TIMs. This is the ‘face value’ hypothesis. If this hypothesis holds, SRIMs have the potential of incorporating the accuracy of TIMs while shedding their limitations in relation to long-term predictions and the evaluation of counterfactuals. We then report on a laboratory experiment that demonstrates that trading behaviour can indeed come out highly similar across SRIMs and TIMs. As such, the study can be thought of as an experimental case study on SRIMs. Finally, we discuss some limitations of the study, and also points towards fruitful areas of future research in light of our results.

scholarly journals LabScrum: A Case Study For Agility in Academic Research Labs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa May ◽  
Tamara Runyon
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Feedback Loops ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
The Face ◽  
Student Training ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Graduate Student Training ◽  
The University

More information, including a guide to LabScrum, can be found at labscrum.org There are many challenges in the work of academic research labs, such as a lack of established process for planning, competing commitments requiring frequent task switching, and long delays in decisions. Silos of information create opacity of knowledge, and the individual nature of much of the work can create isolation that is demotivating.We were curious to see if an Agile-based project management approach could provide value in the face of these challenges. The Scrum framework seemed like a good place to start – lightweight, yet with more frequent and shorter feedback loops than before. As an experiment, we implemented Scrum with one lab in the Center for Translational Neuroscience at the University of Oregon. We continue to adapt and evolve as the implementation spreads to other labs and we work with an ever growing number of scientists. The adaption from Scrum to LabScrum took a great deal of consideration and experimentation given significant differences in goals, constraints, and environment between industry and academia. We named our adaptation LabScrum to reflect the customization for the academic research lab context. Using LabScrum, lab personnel are seeing increased productivity and increased visibility of short,medium, and long term planning and goals. Personnel are also benefiting from improved graduate student training, increased information sharing/collaboration, and improved social support and positive lab culture.

scholarly journals Patents, healthcare and engaged shareholders: a pathway to encourage socially responsible patent use?

Legal Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Aisling McMahon ◽  
Edana Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Limited Support ◽  
The Face

Abstract This paper focuses on the drivers steering companies’ behaviour over uses of patented health technologies, taking Covid-19 as a case study. Global equitable access to health technologies is vital to bringing the pandemic under control. Reflecting this, global mechanisms for rightsholders to share intellectual property rights, data and know-how over such health technologies have been developed. Yet, to date, there is limited support from corporate rightsholders for such mechanisms. Instead, health technologies have been licensed largely based on bilateral deals, with vast global inequalities emerging. Given the traditional focus within company law on prioritising shareholders' short-term financial value, we argue that it is unsurprising that many corporate rightsholders adopt a protectionist approach to patents, even in the face of health crises. However, we argue that the tide may now be starting to shift, catalysed by an emergence of engaged shareholders petitioning for socially responsible corporate behaviour, including for uses of intellectual property over health technologies in a manner that more clearly aligns with public interests. If harnessed and encouraged, such engaged shareholder behaviour could present an opportunity to reframe the conception of shareholder value towards one that considers a long-term sustainable approach and ultimately to shift corporate behaviour around uses of intellectual property over health technologies to take public interests into account.

scholarly journals Estimating Long-Term Survival in the Face of Immature Data: A Case Study of Nivolumab in Second Line Renal Cell Carcinoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. A409
Author(s):  
SL Klijn ◽  
EB Torkilseng ◽  
D Tyas ◽  
A Sowdani ◽  
B Malcolm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
The Face

Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 402-427
Author(s):  
Tim Murithi
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spread ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Local Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Violence ◽  
Atrocity Crimes ◽  
Election Violence

Abstract On 4 March 2013, when Kenyans participated in national presidential and legislative elections, there was wide-spread concern that the underling grievances that erupted during the 2007 and 2008 post-election violence would remerge. However, the polls were relatively peaceful in comparison. This case study will interrogate how mass atrocities were prevented in 2013 in Kenya, despite the prevalence of risk factors which could spark tensions and fuel violence. This article interrogates the local sources of resilience and inhibitors of atrocity crimes and considers the preventive actions that were undertaken and by whom, with a view to understanding what they achieved. In addition, it will assess the outcomes that were achieved as a result of these preventive actions. Through an evaluation of the preventive actions the article will examine which actions proved to be most effective in affecting the risks dynamics of the country in the short, medium and long-term. Kenya’s history of violence and failure to uphold accountability and redress for victims, meant that in 2013, it was significantly prone to the scourge of atrocity crimes. This analysis will draw out a number of key lessons for enhancing the prevention of atrocity crimes in the future.

scholarly journals PARTISIPASI DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN STRATEGIS DI PONDOK PESANTREN

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Syuhud Syuhud
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Full Power

Decision making is one of the leader's strategic tasks in carrying out his leadership duties. Therefore information, participation from various parties and aspects in the management system, will determine the quality of decisions made by the leadership. Kyai as the highest leader of pesantren will determine the direction of development and make quality long-term strategic decisions in the face of global change. The ability of Kyai in managing information from subordinates in society can be seen from his decision making methods, namely full power and power sharing. The focus of this research lies in how Kyai utilize and manage information to make a positive contribution to produce quality decisions in Pondok pesantren Kyai Syarifuddin, Lumajang ? This research uses a qualitative approach with case study. The results showed that Kyai as a leader in pesantren have full authority in decision making, both short and long term. However, However, the Kyai as leaders of pesantren still ask for input information from the pesantren administrators as a material consideration in making quality decisions. The quality of decisions determined by a leader is very dependent on the extent to which information material data considerations provide an influence on the outcome of the decision.

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