scholarly journals High performance ceramic stones on the basis of by-products of waste heaps - screenings and coal slurry

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 03017
Author(s):  
Khungianos Yavruyan ◽  
Vladimir Kotlyar ◽  
Evgeniy Gaishun ◽  
Anastasia Okhotnaya ◽  
Elizaveta Lotoshnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Coal Slurry ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
General Description ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Molding Process

General description of coal dumps products processing is described: medium factional materials - screenings that do not contain carbon; kiln fractional - coal sand, coal containing up to 30%; petty factional - coal slurries, coal containing up to 50% are given. Ceramic kilns and technological properties of processing coal dumps products are given. Compositions of raw mixtures for obtaining products with a compressive strength of 10-15 MPa and density less than 800 kg / m3, and considering the fact that the molding process is carried out semi-rigid extrusion and the necessity of minimum costs for firing is defined. Depending on the technological properties of screenings, depending on the degree of grinding and firing temperature is taken into account. Flow production of modern equipment is pointed out. Technical and economic indicators showing high profitability and the prospect of large-scale production of clay tiles on the basis of coal dumps processing products due to minimal manufacturing cost are mentioned. The carried out results of the work allowed to choose the raw materials and to develop the technological scheme of production of high-performance ceramic stones with a minimum cost. Implementation of the results in practice will create a highly profitable production and make the Rostov region a major manufacturer of ceramic wall.

scholarly journals Catalytic production of impurity-free V3.5+ electrolyte for vanadium redox flow batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyun Heo ◽  
Jae-Yun Han ◽  
Soohyun Kim ◽  
Seongmin Yuk ◽  
Chanyong Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
High Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Vanadium Redox

Abstract The vanadium redox flow battery is considered one of the most promising candidates for use in large-scale energy storage systems. However, its commercialization has been hindered due to the high manufacturing cost of the vanadium electrolyte, which is currently prepared using a costly electrolysis method with limited productivity. In this work, we present a simpler method for chemical production of impurity-free V3.5+ electrolyte by utilizing formic acid as a reducing agent and Pt/C as a catalyst. With the catalytic reduction of V4+ electrolyte, a high quality V3.5+ electrolyte was successfully produced and excellent cell performance was achieved. Based on the result, a prototype catalytic reactor employing Pt/C-decorated carbon felt was designed, and high-speed, continuous production of V3.5+ electrolyte in this manner was demonstrated with the reactor. This invention offers a simple but practical strategy to reduce the production cost of V3.5+ electrolyte while retaining quality that is adequate for high-performance operations.

Optimal Design and Techno-Economic Analysis for Corncob Particles Briquettes: A Literature Review of the Utilization of Agricultural Waste and Analysis Calculation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto ◽  
Nissa Nur Azizah ◽  
Gabriela Chelvina Santiuly Girsang
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Scale Production

Corncob is usually disposed of directly as waste, creating problems in the environment, while it can be converted into valuable materials. This research aimed to evaluate the literature review on briquette production from agricultural waste (using non-binder and cold press with a binder) and the current works on techno-economic analysis, to propose an optimal design for the production of briquette from corncob waste, and to perform a techno-economic analysis based on the selected optimal processing method. The engineering perspective based on stoichiometry and mass balance showed the potential corncob briquette manufacture in both home and large scales due to the possible use of inexpensive and commercially available equipment and raw materials. The economic perspective [based on several economic evaluation factors (i.e., gross profit margin, payback period, break-even point, cumulative net present value, return of investment, internal rate return, and profitability index) under ideal and non-ideal conditions by considering internal (i.e., sales, raw materials, utilities, and variable cost) and external aspects (i.e., tax)] confirmed the prospective development of the project in the large-scale production with a lifetime of more than 18 years. The main issue in the project is the raw material (i.e. tapioca flour), giving the most impact on the project’s feasibility. Even in severe conditions, the project is feasible. The great endurance was also confirmed in the case of a higher tax rate. This study demonstrates the importance of producing corncob-based briquettes for improving the economic value and giving alternatives for problem solvers in the utilization of agricultural waste.

An Improved And Suitable Method For Large Scale Produdcion Of Α-Monochlorocyclodecanone

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhua Ou ◽  
Ruolin Wang ◽  
Ruonan Liu ◽  
Hong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Separation Method ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Ideal Approach

: α-Monochlorocyclododecanone was synthesized from cyclododecane and 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DCDMH) catalyzed with silica gel in MeOH. The product was obtained by crystallization with nearly 85% yield. The presented method used cheap raw materials, mild reaction conditions, simple separation method and environment-friendly process. Additionally, the current synthesis provided an ideal approach for large-scale production.

Strength and Impotence. The Developing Countries and the Development in New Territories

1974 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Willy Østreng
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Third World

This article examines the possible political and economic effects of large-scale mineral extraction from the seabed. The findings presented indicate that development in new territories may conceivably serve to exacerbate existing conflict dimensions, notably the North/South dimension in global politics. Because of the developed countries' monopoly on know-how and economic capability, exploration and exploitation of the inorganic resources of the ocean floor has de facto been the exclusive domain of these countries. On the basis of this the author shows that if large-scale production of seabed resources should become a reality in the near future, the underdeveloped countries will be forced to watch it from the sidelines. As a consequence, the exploitation of offshore raw materials will probably contribute to the further widening of the gap between developed and underdeveloped countries. Further commenting on the fact that the latter today are the main producers of the most promising seabed resources, the author expresses the view that exploitation will have a detrimental effect on the economics of the Third World countries, since it might lead to overproduction and price reductions.

scholarly journals Continuous, Strong, Porous Silk Firoin-Based Aerogel Fibers toward Textile Thermal Insulation

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiwei Yang ◽  
Zongqian Wang ◽  
Zhi Liu ◽  
Huan Cheng ◽  
Changlong Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
High Porosity

Aerogel fiber, with the characteristics of ultra-low density, ultra-high porosity, and high specific surface area, is the most potential candidate for manufacturing wearable thermal insulation material. However, aerogel fibers generally show weak mechanical properties and complex preparation processes. Herein, through firstly preparing a cellulose acetate/polyacrylic acid (CA/PAA) hollow fiber using coaxial wet-spinning followed by injecting the silk fibroin (SF) solution into the hollow fiber, the CA/PAA-wrapped SF aerogel fibers toward textile thermal insulation were successfully constructed after freeze-drying. The sheath (CA/PAA hollow fiber) possesses a multiscale porous structure, including micropores (11.37 ± 4.01 μm), sub-micron pores (217.47 ± 46.16 nm), as well as nanopores on the inner (44.00 ± 21.65 nm) and outer (36.43 ± 17.55 nm) surfaces, which is crucial to the formation of a SF aerogel core. Furthermore, the porous CA/PAA-wrapped SF aerogel fibers have many advantages, such as low density (0.21 g/cm3), high porosity (86%), high strength at break (2.6 ± 0.4 MPa), as well as potential continuous and large-scale production. The delicate structure of multiscale porous sheath and ultra-low-density SF aerogel core synergistically inhibit air circulation and limit convective heat transfer. Meanwhile, the high porosity of aerogel fibers weakens heat transfer and the SF aerogel cellular walls prevent infrared radiation. The results show that the mat composed of these aerogel fibers exhibits excellent thermal insulating properties with a wide working temperature from −20 to 100 °C. Therefore, this SF-based aerogel fiber can be considered as a practical option for high performance thermal insulation.

scholarly journals Superior Pseudocapacitive Storage of a Novel Ni3Si2/NiOOH/Graphene Nanostructure for an All-Solid-State Supercapacitor

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ning ◽  
Maoyang Xia ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Xin Feng ◽  
Hong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Free Standing

Abstract Recent developments in the synthesis of graphene-based structures focus on continuous improvement of porous nanostructures, doping of thin films, and mechanisms for the construction of three-dimensional architectures. Herein, we synthesize creeper-like Ni3Si2/NiOOH/graphene nanostructures via low-pressure all-solid melting-reconstruction chemical vapor deposition. In a carbon-rich atmosphere, high-energy atoms bombard the Ni and Si surface, and reduce the free energy in the thermodynamic equilibrium of solid Ni–Si particles, considerably catalyzing the growth of Ni–Si nanocrystals. By controlling the carbon source content, a Ni3Si2 single crystal with high crystallinity and good homogeneity is stably synthesized. Electrochemical measurements indicate that the nanostructures exhibit an ultrahigh specific capacity of 835.3 C g−1 (1193.28 F g−1) at 1 A g−1; when integrated as an all-solid-state supercapacitor, it provides a remarkable energy density as high as 25.9 Wh kg−1 at 750 W kg−1, which can be attributed to the free-standing Ni3Si2/graphene skeleton providing a large specific area and NiOOH inhibits insulation on the electrode surface in an alkaline solution, thereby accelerating the electron exchange rate. The growth of the high-performance composite nanostructure is simple and controllable, enabling the large-scale production and application of microenergy storage devices.

scholarly journals Towards High Performance Chemical Vapour Deposition V2O5 Cathodes for Batteries Employing Aqueous Media

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 5558
Author(s):  
Dimitra Vernardou ◽  
Charalampos Drosos ◽  
Andreas Kafizas ◽  
Martyn E. Pemble ◽  
Emmanouel Koudoumas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Environmentally Safe

The need for clean and efficient energy storage has become the center of attention due to the eminent global energy crisis and growing ecological concerns. A key component in this effort is the ultra-high performance battery, which will play a major role in the energy industry. To meet the demands in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and large-scale energy storage systems, it is necessary to prepare advanced batteries with high safety, fast charge ratios, and discharge capabilities at a low cost. Cathode materials play a significant role in determining the performance of batteries. Among the possible electrode materials is vanadium pentoxide, which will be discussed in this review, due to its low cost and high theoretical capacity. Additionally, aqueous electrolytes, which are environmentally safe, provide an alternative approach compared to organic media for safe, cost-effective, and scalable energy storage. In this review, we will reveal the industrial potential of competitive methods to grow cathodes with excellent stability and enhanced electrochemical performance in aqueous media and lay the foundation for the large-scale production of electrode materials.

scholarly journals 3D interconnected nitrogen-self-doped carbon aerogels as efficient oxygen reduction electrocatalysts derived from biomass gelatin

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (69) ◽  
pp. 40301-40308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoqi Yang ◽  
Shuqing Kou ◽  
Zhiyuan Li ◽  
Zhiyong Chang ◽  
Mi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Carbon Aerogels ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Large Scale Production

Development of efficient metal-free electrocatalysts derived from biomass with high activity towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has gained significance attention due to their low manufacturing cost, environmental friendliness and easy large-scale production.

Porous micro-spherical LiFePO4/CNT nanocomposite for high-performance Li-ion battery cathode material

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (47) ◽  
pp. 37830-37836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wei ◽  
Linlin Guo ◽  
Xiaoyang Qiu ◽  
Peng Qu ◽  
Maotian Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Cathode Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Li Ion

Although many routes have been developed that can efficiently improve the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 cathodes, few of them meet the urgent industrial requirements of large-scale production, low cost and excellent performance.

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