scholarly journals Small-dispersed dust chemical composition on the leaves of apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca) in residential area

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
Irina Glinyanova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Environmental Measures

A study of the small-dispersed dust chemical composition on the leaves of apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca) in the residential area of the Sredneakhtubinsky district of the Volgograd region was coducted. The aim of the study was to assess the environmental situation in low-rise buildings near functioning constructional and machinery enterprises. The leaves of apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca), growing in the residential area, were used as passive biomonitors. Chemical analysis of dust particles was carried out with the usage of a scanning electron microscope Versa 3D Dual Beam. As a result of the studies, the chemical composition of small-dispersed dust (PM1, PM2,5, PM10) on the leaves of apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca), which consisted of C,O, Mg, Al, Si, Cl, K, Ca, F, P, S, Fe, Mo. Chemical elements such as: F, P, S, Fe, Mo are not specific for leaf blades of apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca) and are environmental pollutants that have fallen on the leaves of apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca) from atmospheric air. In the future, it is necessary to find out the sources of atmospheric air pollution in the residential area by non-specific chemical elements and their compounds for this type of plant in the Sredneahtubinsky district of the Volgograd region, and to develop a set of environmental measures aimed to reduce pollutants emissions into the environment, and improving the quality of life of the population.

scholarly journals Ensuring the environmental safety of residential areas of settlements based on the monitoring of acidic impurities in the atmospheric air кислых примесей в атмосфере

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Glinyanova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Environmental Measures

Objectives. Purpose Monitoring of acidic impurities in the atmospheric air of residential areas of settlements is one of the areas of ensuring their environmental safety and is officially carried out at 221 stations in the Russian Federation in the study of atmospheric precipitation.Method. In areas where they are minimal, the author proposes an alternative method for assessing environmental pollution based on the preparation of aerosol suspensions. The purpose of this work was to study the acidity index (pH) of aerosol suspensions (washing off aerosols from the leaves of apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca) obtained in the Srednyaya Akhtuba region (Sredneakhtubinsky district of the Volgograd region) in the spring-summer of 2020.Result. The results of the research demonstrated acidic aerosols ( pH = 5.32 + 0.01) in the atmospheric air rp Srednyaya Akhtuba in comparison with the conditionally clean zone (SNT "Oroshenets", "Shelf"), (pH = 6.39 + 0.02) The data indicate environmental pollution and on environmental risks for the population.Conclusion. Acidic impurities in the atmosphere of the middle Akhtuba region in comparison with the conditionally clean zone (SNT "Oroshenets", "Shelf"), which indicates environmental risks for the population. sources of pollution in residential areas of the settlement of Srednyaya Akhtuba and to develop environmental measures to protect the population from acidic impurities contained in aerosols, which requires further study of the territory.

scholarly journals Environmental safety of residential and public areas in the context of PM2.5, PM10 monitoring on the leaves of apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca)

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 533-552
Author(s):  
Irina Yu. Glinyanova ◽  
Valery N. Azarov
Keyword(s):  
Residential Area ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Fine Dust ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Dispersion Composition

Introduction. Fine dust puts human health at risk in populated areas. The research is focused on dust particles on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) in the residential area of the Central Akhtuba district of the Volgograd region (the area of single family houses and low rise townhouses) and in the public area (the area of public amenities) located in close proximity to construction and development enterprises, machine builders, etc. as compared to the dispersion composition of dust on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) in the territory occupied by rural housing communities in the conditionally clean zone (the benchmark zone) in absence of any man-induced loadings coming from industrial facilities (Oroshenets gardeners’ non-commercial partnership, Volgograd, Soviet district). The goal of the research is to study the dispersion composition of dust and to identify fine dust PM2.5 and PM10 using plant monitoring systems in the residential area. The objectives include the sampling of dust particles from plant leaves, dust analysis, and identification of areas exposed to ecological risks. Materials and methods. The leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca), growing in residential and public areas of the Central Akhtuba district of the Volgograd region and in the territory of Oroshenets gardeners’ non-commercial partnership, Volgograd, Soviet district (the conditionally clean benchmark zone) represent the study material. Methods of research include leaf wash into the beaker full of distilled water, suspension filtration using AFA-VP analytical filter, filtrate production and natural drying at the temperature not exceeding 30–40 °C, and placement of the dried filtrate on the slide of an optical microscope. The distribution of dust particles was performed pursuant to State Standard of Russia 56929-2016. Results. The co-authors have identified the zones exposed to ecological risks in residential and public areas of the Central Akhtuba district of the Volgograd region (Bolnichnaya st., residential houses in Nechayeva, Omskaya streets, a kindergarten in Kavkazskaya st.: PM2.5, PM10) and safe residential areas (a boarding school in Vorovskogo st.: PM10 — 20 μm and 20–40 μm). Conclusions. Further studies of residential and public areas of the Central Akhtuba district of the Volgograd region are to be performed to identify the chemical composition of dust particles and the source of fine dust polluting the air and to develop a roadmap of environmental actions.

PHYTOMONITORING AS A METOD OF THE ASSESSMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION BY URBAN ENVIRONMENT BY FINE DUST

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Irina Glinyanova ◽  
Valery Azarov ◽  
Valery Fomichev
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Fine Dust ◽  
Control Zone ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Random Functions ◽  
The City

Fine dust: (PM2.5, PM10) is a priority pollutant that contributes to the development of numerous dis-eases in urban areas. The purpose of this scientific work is to study the dispersed composition of dust parti-cles on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) in the residential zone of Volgograd. The novelty of the work lies in the study of the dispersed composition of dust particles on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) in the residential zone in the city of Volgograd near the construction industry enterprise, me-chanical engineering, leather production and railway transport line in comparison with the conditionally clean (control) zone of the SNT “Orocenets” ”(Sovetsky District, Volgograd) from the standpoint of random functions expressed by integral distribution curves of the mass of particles over their equivalent diameters. As a result of the research, the dispersed composition of dust on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus ar-meníaca) in the residential area of Volgograd was revealed. Fine particles were found: PM2.5, PM10 in each of the studied points, which by their values, both in their number and mass fraction, significantly exceed the data on fine dust in a conditionally clean area (control) in the SNT “Oroshanets” (Sovetsky district Volgo-grad), which creates certain environmental risks for local residents. The dispersed analysis of particles from the standpoint of random functions in the future will allow with a sufficiently high degree of accuracy to pre-dict the dust content of urban atmospheric air in the range of monthly and / or seasonal average values compared to the traditional measurement of fine dust concentration in atmospheric air of the urban environ-ment as the maximum single or daily average. At the same time, further studies of dust on the leaves of plants in an urban environment, namely, the study of the density of its sedimentation, will also reveal a group of ur-ban plants that are best suited to retain PM2.5 and PM10 on leaf plates in this region, which can significantly increase the quality of the atmospheric air of the urban environment and be of a recommendatory nature for the state-owned landscaping services of the city of Volgograd when improving the green areas of a megacity.

Methodical and organizational aspects in designing sanitary protection zones for a group of enterprises or industrial centers as a toll for complex atmospheric air quality assessment

2019 ◽  
pp. 940-944
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Zagorodnov ◽  
I. V. May
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Outer Border ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Environmental Measures

Introduction. Sanitary legislation of the Russian Federation provides for the organization of sanitary protection zones of industrial enterprises located in the industrial hub. However, the justification procedure, establishing and monitoring boundaries of a single sanitary zones not fully resolved. This determines the practice of organization by economic entities of individual zones separating production from residential development. This situation complicates the adequate assessment of real pollution, as well as the reasonable development of programs (plans) of environmental measures. Identification of the sources that create poor air quality and public health risks is becoming extremely problematic.The aim of the study is to develop and test recommendations for the organization and methodological support of the design of a single sanitary protection zone of a group of enterprises in the current urban development.Materials and methods. The object of the study is an industrial hub formed by 5 industrial enterprises and located on the territory of a large urban settlement with a population of more than 450 thousand people. The city administration carried out a number of organizational measures that ensured the simultaneous inventory of emissions of enterprises and the design of the general sanitary zone of the industrial complex. The design work was carried out in full accordance with the current regulatory framework.Results. The verified unified database of 102 sources of chemical emissions and 113 sources of noise provided the possibility of summary calculations and obtaining the most correct results for surface concentrations in the zone of influence of the industrial hub. The program of quality control of atmospheric air defining the contribution of each economic subject to carrying out researches is formed. This made it possible to ensure the control of all priority contaminants at the outer border of the sanitary zone and reduce the costs of each separate economic entity. Zones of responsibility of each enterprise within borders of a uniform sanitary zone for tasks of maintenance of the standard maintenance of the territory are allocated.Conclusions. The obtained results confirmed the feasibility of designing unified sanitary protection zones for economic entities located in the industrial hub.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of the RS CNn-Type Star 33 Piscium

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Barisevišius ◽  
G. Tautvaišienė ◽  
S. Berdyugina ◽  
Y. Chorniy ◽  
I. Ilyin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Type Star

AbstractAbundances of 22 chemical elements, including the key elements and isotopes such as

scholarly journals Seasonal variations in PM10 inorganic composition in the Andean city

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Zalakeviciute ◽  
Katiuska Alexandrino ◽  
Yves Rybarczyk ◽  
Alexis Debut ◽  
Karla Vizuete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Soluble Ions

Abstract Particulate matter (PM) is one of the key pollutants causing health risks worldwide. While the preoccupation for increased concentrations of these particles mainly depends on their sources and thus chemical composition, some regions are yet not well investigated. In this work the composition of chemical elements of atmospheric PM10 (particles with aerodynamic diameters ≤ 10 µm), collected at the urban and suburban sites in high elevation tropical city, were chemically analysed during the dry and wet seasons of 2017–2018. A large fraction (~ 68%) of PM10 composition in Quito, Ecuador is accounted for by water-soluble ions and 16 elements analysed using UV/VIS spectrophotometer and Inductively Coupled Plasma—Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Hierarchical clustering analysis was performed to study a correlation between the chemical composition of urban pollution and meteorological parameters. The suburban area displays an increase in PM10 concentrations and natural elemental markers during the dry (increased wind intensity, resuspension of soil dust) season. Meanwhile, densely urbanized area shows increased total PM10 concentrations and anthropogenic elemental markers during the wet season, which may point to the worsened combustion and traffic conditions. This might indicate the prevalence of cardiovascular and respiratory problems in motorized areas of the cities in the developing world.

scholarly journals Variation of the Chemical Composition of Waste Cooking Oils upon Bentonite Filtration

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Mannu ◽  
Gina Vlahopoulou ◽  
Paolo Urgeghe ◽  
Monica Ferro ◽  
Alessandra Del Caro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Volatile Fraction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Waste Cooking Oils ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Cooking Oils ◽  
Chemical Groups

The chemical composition and the color of samples of waste cooking oils (WCOs) were determined prior to and after filtration on two different pads of bentonite differing in particle size. The volatile fraction was monitored by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas-chromatography, while the variation of the composition of the main components was analyzed by 1H NMR. Both techniques allowed the detection of some decomposition products, such as polymers, terpenes, and derivatives of the Maillard process. The analysis of the chemical composition prior to and after bentonite treatment revealed a tendency for the clays to retain specific chemical groups (such as carboxylic acids or double bonds), independent of their particle size. A pair comparison test was conducted in order to detect the sensory differences of the intensity of aroma between the WCO treated with the two different bentonites. In addition, characterization of the bentonite by means of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric measurements (TG) was performed.

scholarly journals Reduction of the Temperature Sensitivity of Halomonas hydrothermalis by Iron Starvation Combined with Microaerobic Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 2156-2162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse P. Harrison ◽  
John E. Hallsworth ◽  
Charles S. Cockell
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Iron Availability ◽  
Iron Starvation ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Distribution And Ecology ◽  
Microaerobic Conditions

ABSTRACTThe limits to biological processes on Earth are determined by physicochemical parameters, such as extremes of temperature and low water availability. Research into microbial extremophiles has enhanced our understanding of the biophysical boundaries which define the biosphere. However, there remains a paucity of information on the degree to which rates of microbial multiplication within extreme environments are determined by the availability of specific chemical elements. Here, we show that iron availability and the composition of the gaseous phase (aerobic versus microaerobic) determine the susceptibility of a marine bacterium,Halomonas hydrothermalis, to suboptimal and elevated temperature and salinity by impacting rates of cell division (but not viability). In particular, iron starvation combined with microaerobic conditions (5% [vol/vol] O2, 10% [vol/vol] CO2, reduced pH) reduced sensitivity to temperature across the 13°C range tested. These data demonstrate that nutrient limitation interacts with physicochemical parameters to determine biological permissiveness for extreme environments. The interplay between resource availability and stress tolerance, therefore, may shape the distribution and ecology of microorganisms within Earth's biosphere.

The influence of fixation on the morphology of mitotic chromosomes

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel J. J. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Chromosome Structure ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Chromosome Morphology ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Sister Chromatids

It is well known that there is a strong influence of fixation, i.e., acetic methanol versus formaldehyde, on the chromosome morphology at stages of the first meiotic division. In this study the influence of both these types of fixation on the morphology of mitotic chromosomes was examined in human lymphocytes. After methanol – acetic acid (3:1) fixation, the chromosomes show the "classical" condensed shape in which it is not always possible to recognize the two sister chromatids. These chromosomes are accessible to the conventional G-, R-, and C-banding techniques. After formaldehyde fixation at a relatively high pH, the chromosomes are thinner and longer (two to six times) when compared with chromosomes following methanol – acetic acid fixation. They show a scaffold-like morphology, sometimes with a halo of thin material around it. In all cases the two sister chromatids could be recognized. This chromosome structure could be easily stained with silver, Giemsa, 4,6-diamino-2-phenyl-indole (DAPI), and fluorescein isocyanate isomere 1 (FITC). The results obtained following these stainings gave no indication to any specific chemical composition of a probable central scaffold. The scaffold-like structures were not accessible to G-, R-, or C-banding techniques. The only effect observed following these banding techniques was the disappearance of the halo of thin material around the central scaffold-like structure.Key words: chromosome structure, fixation influence, human lymphocytes.

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