scholarly journals Use of remote Earth sensing for agro-ecological estimation of soil cover structures and optimisation of agriculture in the forest-steppe zone of the Krasnoyarsk territory

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Yuliya V. Gorbunova ◽  
Tatyana N. Demyanenko ◽  
Valentina V. Chuprova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Adaptive Landscape ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Earth Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Structures ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Adaptive Landscape Agriculture

The possibilities of using data of Earth remote sensing for the construction of a geomorphological profile for the purpose of agroecological assessment of soil cover patterns and subsequent land typification as a basis for the design of adaptive landscape agriculture in the Krasnoyarsk Territory are considered. The geomorphological profile illustrates the features of the relief and regularities in the distribution of soil structures with a certain set of agro-ecological conditions and limiting factors that determine the choice of agro-technologies and farming systems.

scholarly journals MAPPING OF AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES OF THE OUTLIER FOREST-STEPPE BASED ON GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH

2021 ◽  
pp. 162-172
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Pashkov ◽  
◽  
Gulnur Z. Mazhitova ◽  
Sergey A. Teslenok ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Adaptive Landscape ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Virgin Land ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Economic Formation

The search for new mechanisms of crop growing modernization was initiated by post-Soviet change of the socio-economic formation, rejection of the virgin-land holistic principle of organizing agriculture with its wheat invariant, as well as transition from the extensive zonal system to adaptive landscape and precision agriculture. Above all, this refers to agricultural landscapes of the forest steppe zone of North Kazakhstan, which is the oldest region of the country’s dryland farming. The article deals with a relevant direction of agrolandscape research – geoinformation agrolandscape mapping with the use of aerial photography materials from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). The aim of the work is to prepare optimal cartographic support for effective agricultural production in light of agricultural intensification in the region and depletion of natural fertility resources. Modern methods of geoinformation agrolandscape mapping have been used, their effectiveness is shown through the example of key areas. The features of the landscape structure of outlier forest steppe agrolandscapes have been identified with the help of utilitarian agroecological typology of land; the types of basic geoinformation cartographic materials to be used in precision agriculture have been defined. We consider it possible for the agrolandscape mapping experience to be extended to other farms of the region, which would ensure productive agricultural management.

THE LAND DESERTAFICATION PROBLEM IN SEMIDESERTIC AND DRY STEPPE ZONES IN CHECHEN REPUBLIC

1970 ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
Kh. А. Khusaynov ◽  
Sh. M. Abasov ◽  
M. Sh. Abasov ◽  
Z. B. Magamadgazieva ◽  
A. V. Tuntaev
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Adaptive Landscape ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Dry Steppe

In the sand cultivation requires a special system of farming with a complex of measures for plant protection from deflation (strip sowing, nonmoldboard tillage system with crop residues, soil protecting crop rotation, coulisses with tall-stalked plants and the system of the forest shelter belt), application of the fertilizers, ameliorants (clays), selection of crops and varieties, which ensuring high yields in relatively poor soils, rational use of agricultural machines and implements, combining the performance of several field operations in a single pass technique, laying -out of the individual plots for tractor driving located on the internal land masses. In the article, in the framework of the state order for the development of adaptive-landscape farming systems for the dry steppe zone of the Chechen Republic, the results of studies on agro-ecological assessment of climatic conditions of the administrative areas of semi-desert and dry steppe zones of the region, including the problem of desertification. In this regard, the above-mentioned factors contributing to the loss of fertile layer of soil, disruption of their structural properties, mechanical composition. On the basis of these results, the authors propose a complex of agrotechnical and reclamation measures for prevention of desertification in sandy soils of semi-desert and dry steppe zones of the Chechen Republic. The most of sandy soil lands are not protected by forest belts and therefore crop cultivation is carried out by strip cropping. Strips width in dry steppe should be 98.43…164.04 ft and semidesert zone 49.21…98.43 ft. The strips are located vertical to prevailing winds which cause the soil erosion. On the semidesert zone should be six-fields crop rotation: 1,2,3,4 – perennial grass, 5 – melons and grounds, 6 – winter rye and sainfoin for hay.

Geoinformation system for designing adaptive landscape farming systems on the radioactively contaminated territory of the Tula research institute of agriculture

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
E.O. Krechetnikova ◽  
◽  
V.V. Krechetnikov ◽  
I.E. Titov ◽  
V.K. Kuznetsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Adaptive Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Geoinformation System ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
137Cs Radionuclide ◽  
Adaptive Landscape Agriculture

GIS project was developed for the radioactively contaminated territory of the Tulskii NII. It was created in order to project the adaptive landscape agricultures. It was based on the information on the concentrations of 137Cs radionuclide in soil, compiled over 16 years. Electronic maps have been developed to create a GIS project and included the location of agricultural lands; crop rotation systems; distribution of specific activity values for artificial 137Cs radionuclide in agricultural lands; agrochemical indexes (the humus content, potassium content, contribution of phosphorus, the acidity), soil types, relief. The created GIS project and the corresponding data bases will be used to collect, store and analyse the results of the survey in order to project the adaptive landscape agricultures. Key words: GIS project, adaptive landscape agriculture, agricultural lands, radiation safety.

ESTIMATION OF MACRO- AND MICROELEMENTS COMPOSITION OF PEA PLANTS, WHITE LUPIN, SOYBEAN

1970 ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
S. V. Lukin
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Average Content ◽  
White Lupine ◽  
Haplic Chernozems ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Soybean Plants

Studies were conducted in the forest-steppe zone of the Belgorod region. The soil cover was represented by Haplic Chernozems and Luvic Сhernozems. The aim of the research was to analyze and assess the accumulation in pea, white lupine and soybean plants of the main macro- and microelements. The materials of local agroecological monitoring 2015-2017 years were used for pea, white lupin and soybean sowings. It has been established that the highest average content of the main macroelements: nitrogen (6,26%), phosphorus (1,88%), potassium (2,52%), sulfur (0,3%) and trace elements: copper (11,7 mg / kg), nickel (5,15 mg / kg), chromium (0,42 mg / kg) are characterized by soy beans. The highest content of zinc (43,2 mg / kg), cobalt (0,88 mg / kg) and molybdenum (6,73 mg / kg) was recorded in white lupine beans. The lowest average nitrogen content (3,3%), potassium (1,38%), sulfur (0,14%), zinc (26,5 mg / kg), copper (3,85 mg / kg), molybdenum 0,39 mg / kg) was noted in pea beans. The lowest content of cobalt (0,14 mg / kg) was characteristic of soybeans. The mean phosphorus content, nickel and chromium in the white lupine beans and peas was similar and significantly lower than in soy beans.

scholarly journals Agrogenic Transformation of Soil Cover in Pre-Salair Drained Plane (Western Siberia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 37-56
Author(s):  
N. A. Sokolova ◽  
◽  
E. N. Smolentseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Humus Horizon ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Large Area

Plowing up is a widespread type of anthropogenic transformation of soils and soil cover (SC) in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. As a result of plowing up agrogenic transformation (agrotransformation) of soils causes their form and properties change, as well as the spatial characteristics of the SC. In the example of a model territory the features of changes in the component composition and structure of the SC of the Pre-Salair drained plain under the influence of arable press are studied. Automorphic soil formation prevails in the studied area, and zonal natural soils here are chernozems (clay-illuvial and migrate-micellar) and dark grays. These soils have an upper dark humus horizon, which in arable soils becomes an agro-dark humus horizon. In the studied area, an increase in number of the SC components was found due to the soils of the agrozems section and different types of agricultural soils, which leads to a diversification of the component composition. It was found that the component composition of SC shows high degree of its agrotransformation: area of arable soils is 55.6% of total area of SC. We also showed the sequence of agrotransformation for the chernozems of the model territory: chernozems, agrochernozems, agrozems, abraded agrozems, agroabrazems. Agrozems occupy a large area and have a classification diversity. Factors affecting the diversity of agrozems at the type and subtype classification level are identified: the degree of agrogenic transformation of clay-illuvial and migrate-micellar chernozems are distinguished. The low thickness of the humus horizon of soils in the pre-agrarian period during plowing leads to various degrees of their agrotransformation and classification divergence of soils. The SC structure is characterized by geometric parameters in accordance with the concept of V.M. Friedland. These are areas and dissection coefficients (minimum, maximum, average and median) of elementary soil areal (ESA) and soil combinations areal (SCA). Geometries of ESA and SCA are caused by the combined influence of terrain features and anthropogenic impact. ESA of agrotransformed soils (agrograys, agrochernozems, agrozems) have largest sizes, besides undisturbed automorphic soils; ESA of strongly transformed soils developed in temporary flow hollows have smallest sizes. The overall result of the agrogenic transformation of the SC on the studied area is a new spatial agrogenic structure. In the component composition of SC specific soils of different taxonomic levels appear.

DIDUKH YA.P., VYNOKUROV D.S. SPATIAL-TEMPORAL CHANGES OF BIOCLIMATE FACTORS IN EUROPE

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-76
Author(s):  
Ya.P. Didukh ◽  
D.S. Vynokurov
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Climatic Research Unit ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Highly Correlated

Based on the data from Worldclim 2.0 and the Climatic Research Unit, calculations of bioclimatic hydrothermal indicators were carried out. It is pointed out that the following factors determine the development and distribution of biota, and are used for the synphytoindication method: thermoregime, cryoregime, continentality, ombroregime. Thermoregime is based on mean annual temperatures and FAR, which are highly correlated. They also are connected with the vegetative period. It was found that the higher the latitudes and the more continental climate, the sharper the changes in average annual temperatures, as well as accordingly the vegetation period is longer. Cryoregime is one of the most significant limiting factors that determine the distribution of species, their ontogenetic cycle, the peculiarities of their phenology etc. We used average January temperatures to calculate it. It has been suggested that the change in cryoclimate led to the expansion of maple. It has an advantage over hornbeam, linden and oak because its phenological features have changed. Continentality and ombroregime affect the distribution of communities at the landscape level. We used the Gorchinsky index to calculate the continentality and the de Martonne index to calculate the ombroregime. Their change for some types of habitats contributes to the expansion of their distribution, and for others – to their reduction. As a result, there is a zonal replacement of some types of habitats by others (forests-steppes-deserts). Instead, for azonal types of habitats (aquatic vegetation, eutrophic swamps, meadows), these factors are not limiting. Corresponding maps have been created that reflect 30-year time intervals (1901-1929, 1930-1959, 1960-1989 and 1990-2019) and regional changes within Europe. A rather significant change is recorded at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries (1990-2019), which is associated with climate warming. Temporal and regional changes are multidirectional (in nature, gradient and magnitude). Correlations between them and bioclimatic parameters have been established. This serves as a basis for assigning Ukraine to four types of bioclimate (sub-humid suboceanic – forest and forest-steppe zones; subarid subcontinental – steppe zone, mountainous – Carpathians and mountain-sub-Mediterranean – Mountain Crimea). Each of them is characterized by qualitative differences. When developing appropriate forecasts for the development and changes of biota and ecosystems, it is necessary to take into account these features.

scholarly journals Number and taxonomic structure of blood-sucking insects community in the forest-steppe zone of Tyumen Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-546
Author(s):  
T. A. Khlyzova
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
The Impact

The abundance level of blood-sucking Diptera is, to a large extent, determined by natural and climatic conditions and hydrological regime of rivers, and is subject to significant fluctuations. In order to assess the impact of meteorological conditions of the season on the abundance of blood-sucking Diptera, the abundance ratio of horseflies, mosquitoes, blackflies and midges in the forest-steppe zone of Tyumen Region for 2006, 2013-2017 was compared. The study was performed in the surroundings of Isetskoye Village and Barkhatovo Village in Isetsky District of Tyumen Region. This area belongs to the province of Tobol forest-steppe. The study area is located on the left bank of Iset river. The forest-steppe zone is located in the south of the region. The region has very cold winters, the average temperature in January is -18-20ºС. The summer season lasts about 125 days, the average temperature in July is +19-20ºC. Spring and autumn seasons are short. The region is characterized by late frosts in spring until the end of the first decade of June and early autumn, and sometimes in late August. Analysis of data obtained showed that of the six seasons studied the largest gnus abundance was registered in 2014, the minimum abundance was in 2006. The abundance level and the individual components ratio of «GNUS» complex were subject to significant changes depending on the season, in 2006 and 2014, the blackflies were mostly collected, and in 2013, 2015-2017 – mosquitoes. Meteorological and hydrological conditions of winter and spring seasons have the greatest impact on the level of insect populations of «gnuts» complex. Seasonal fluctuations in abundance of blackflies was 3 times, midges ‒ 9, horseflies and mosquitoes ‒ 10. The main limiting factors for the mass development of blood-sucking Diptera in the forest-steppe zone of Tyumen Region are hard and dry winters that cause insect death at the pre-imaginal stages of development, as well as huge temperature swings in spring and summer and small areas of breeding grounds.

scholarly journals The number of insects of midges complex and ratio of its various components in the forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
T. A. Khlyzova
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Emergence Period ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Preimaginal Stages

The purpose of the research is comparing abundance levels of blood-sucking dipterans in the forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen Region for 8 years with different meteorological conditions.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out in 2006 and 2013–2019 in vicinity of the villages of Isetskoe and Barkhatovo, Isetsky District, Tyumen Region. Tabanid flies were collected and counted using funnel-shaped traps permanently on the same pasture on a regular basis once every 5–7 days during the entire emergence period. When counting the number of mosquitoes, midges and sandflies, we used a net with removable bags. Each count included 10 sweeps with a motion of the figure eight "around itself" in 10 replications.Results and discussion. The abundance of blood-sucking dipterans is largely determined by natural and climatic conditions and a hydrological regime of rivers, and is liable to significant fluctuations. The maximum abundance of gnats was recorded in 2014, the minimum in 2006. In comparing the average number for seasons with maximum and minimum abundance, a difference of 3.7 times was found. The abundance level and ratio of individual components of the midges complex depending on the season also underwent significant changes. In collected insects, midges dominated in 2006 and 2014, and mosquitoes in 2013 and in 2015–2019. Meteorological and hydrological conditions in winter and spring had the biggest impact on the abundance level of insects of the midges complex. Fluctuations in the abundance were 9 times for mosquitoes, 20 times for tabanid flies, and 39 times for midges and sandflies depending on the season. The main limiting factors for mass development of blood-sucking Diptera in the forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen Region are hard and dry winters which cause death of some insects at the preimaginal stages in development, as well as sharp changes in air temperature in the spring-summer period and small areas of breeding places.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document