scholarly journals Construction and insulation of agricultural buildings and structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 02030
Author(s):  
Boris Efimov ◽  
Oleg Rubtsov ◽  
Igor Bessonov ◽  
Andrey Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Sandwich Panels ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Excessive Heat ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Insulation Systems ◽  
Weather Impacts ◽  
Storage Facilities

The article covers different application aspects of the products made of polyethylene foam within the scope of insulation systems of framed and frameless constructions used in the quality of storage premises, logistic objects, agricultural storage facilities and livestock facilities as well as framed residential buildings. Agricultural storage facilities, livestock facilities, covered parking areas for agricultural machinery and some types of storage premises represent the agricultural construction facilities which require the established protection systems against excessive heat losses as well as monitoring of the state of the internal environment - its temperature and humidity. These structures are built based on one of three schemes: frameless type, framed type with a rigid coating and framed type with a tent coating. The insulation of buildings constructed before 2010 is predominantly characterized by usage of mineral wool plates (with a protective facade covering) or sandwich panels. The main problem of suchlike coverings is the impossibility of creating an insulating coating without joints, seams or gapless junctions to the base. Mineral wool plates, in case of destruction of the waterproof coating, contact with water and firstly lose their thermal and physical properties, and then – come to the destruction themselves. Sandwich panels are more resistant to weather impacts, but create a coating with huge quantity of cold bridges and paths of convective air transfer through gaps or openings.

Research of pressure influence in the gas supply system on the energy consuption level of gas devices

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
L. D. Pylypiv ◽  
І. І. Maslanych
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas Combustion ◽  
Gas Supply

There are investigated the influence of operating pressures in the gas supply system on the level of such energy indicators as efficiency, gas flow and gas overrun by gas equipment in residential buildings. There is established a relationship between the values of operating pressures in the gas supply system and the gas consumption level of household appliances. The causes of insufficient pressure in the gas networks of settlements are analyzed in the article. There is also developed an algorithm for calculating the change in the efficiency of gas appliances depending on the operational parameters of the gas network. It has been found that the most efficient operation of gas appliances is observed at an overpressure at the inlet of gas appliances of about 1200 Pa.To ensure the required quality of natural gas combustion among consumers and minimize gas consumption there are justified the following measures in the article: coordinating a domestic regulatory framework for assessing the quality of natural gas with international norms and standards; improving the preparation of gas coming from local wells before supplying it to gas distribution networks; auditing low pressure gas pipelines and reconstructing areas affected by corrosion; ensuring standard gas pressure in the network for the normal operation of domestic gas appliances; stating quality indicators of natural gas combustion by gas sales organizations.

scholarly journals Optimal Control Strategies for Switchable Transparent Insulation Systems Applied to Smart Windows for US Residential Buildings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2917
Author(s):  
Mohammad Dabbagh ◽  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Optimal Controls ◽  
Peak Demand ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Insulation Systems ◽  
Rule Set

This paper evaluates the potential energy use and peak demand savings associated with optimal controls of switchable transparent insulation systems (STIS) applied to smart windows for US residential buildings. The optimal controls are developed based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) to identify the automatic settings of the dynamic shades. First, switchable insulation systems and their operation mechanisms are briefly described when combined with smart windows. Then, the GA-based optimization approach is outlined to operate switchable insulation systems applied to windows for a prototypical US residential building. The optimized controls are implemented to reduce heating and cooling energy end-uses for a house located four US locations, during three representative days of swing, summer, and winter seasons. The performance of optimal controller is compared to that obtained using simplified rule-based control sets to operate the dynamic insulation systems. The analysis results indicate that optimized controls of STISs can save up to 81.8% in daily thermal loads compared to the simplified rule-set especially when dwellings are located in hot climates such as that of Phoenix, AZ. Moreover, optimally controlled STISs can reduce electrical peak demand by up to 49.8% compared to the simplified rule-set, indicating significant energy efficiency and demand response potentials of the SIS technology when applied to US residential buildings.

Lighting Environment Study on Rural Residential Buildings in Weihe Plain of China

2012 ◽  
Vol 193-194 ◽  
pp. 1165-1173
Author(s):  
Xi Liao ◽  
Jing Luo ◽  
Yuan Jiang ◽  
Yi Ping Zhu ◽  
Wen Bo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Environment Study ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
Lighting Environment ◽  
Indoor Lighting

As an important index reflecting residential quality, the lighting environment level of residential buildings exerts tremendous influence on both physical and psychological health of residents. Taking a typical rural house in Weihe Plain as example, with indoor lighting environment test, lighting habits of the resident and Ecotect software, the paper studies indoor lighting environment quality of rural residential buildings in Weihe Plain and analyzes the influence of residential buildings' design on lighting environment. The result shows that rural residents in Weihe Plain usually don’t attach due importance to the lighting environment quality of living space, and the design of indoor space goes against effective utilization of natural light. Thus, the paper eventually brings forward a method to consummate the lighting environment of rural residential buildings and explores the buildings’ potential of saving energy by making use of natural light.

Evaluating the sufficiency of proposed security measures in favour of building objects

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-66
Author(s):  
Josef Reitšpís ◽  
Jozefína Drotárová
Keyword(s):  
Limited Area ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Exact Methods ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Intentional Actions ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Satisfactory Answer

Security is understood as one of the basic life needs of people. However, it is necessary to realize that security is a natural quality of the environment where people live and is designated as a security environment. The need for sacurity is part of implementing sacurity measures that are created in compliance with a certain level of knowledge and needs. The content of this process can be characterized as a set of answers to primary questions (What is to be protected? – protected interest, Why to protect?, What to protect from? – threats) and secondary questions (Who will provide the protection?, How will the protection be provided?, When will the protection be provided?, By means of what will the protection be provided?, What price will the protection be provided for? etc.). From this viewpoint it is necessary to pay attention primarily to the problems concerning property protection from intentional actions focusing on protecting a particular building onject. In case of building objects it is primarily about the protection of tangible and intangible properties that are part of a particular limited area (mostly a building object) that is in possession or administration of a particular state or a private subject. The issues are dealt with by legal regulations, technical standards and various technical books. These usually concentrate on a particular area, kind of a building object and/or environment. However, none of them focuses on the property protection in a complex way and does not provide a satisfactory answer to the question "How to create protection systems in view of their sufficiency, complexity and balance in the technical and economic spheres?" That is why it is a social interest to search for new standardized procedures based on exact methods by means of which it will be possible, in empiric or intuitive ways, to exactly evaluate the effectivness of the existing or proposed property protection systems, including the formal desposition of results in project solutions Keywords: Project, Project documentation, Attack, Intervention and Detection time, Resistance of a building object, Modeling, Simulating

Operation and maintenance of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection systems on concrete civil structures

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Brink Jansson ◽  
Ruth Sørensen ◽  
Kirsten Riis
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Civil Structures ◽  
Correct Operation ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Cathodic Protection System

Cathodic protection is a very well-known method of preventing or stopping reinforcement corrosion and thereby extending the service life of reinforced concrete civil structures. However, a number of factors, which among others are design, materials and components, installation methods, quality of workmanship, and operation and maintenance of the cathodic protection system, have influence on the functionality and effectivity of the cathodic protection system. The optimum design that fulfils the Client''s requirements to cost, traffic disruption, service life, etc. shall be determined in accordance with the structure layout and the ability of the Client''s organisation to conduct operation and maintenance. It is critical to ensure that all components are installed properly to achieve the expected service life of the system. Regular and correct operation and maintenance is also crucial to ensure the functionality and effectivity system.

Kajian Kualitas Permukiman Kawasan Pesisir Kecamatan Marobo Kabupaten Muna

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Halija Halija ◽  
Jufri Karim ◽  
Sawaludin Sawaludin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Condition ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Earth Satellite ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Medium Quality

Abstrak: Penataan ruang kawasan pesisir harus dipandang sebagai upaya dalam peningkatan kualitas kawasan fisik dan kesejahteraan masyarakat.Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu tidak berfungsinya drainase secara optimal belum terdapatnya sarana mandi, cuci, kakus (MCK) dan kondisi faktor fisik rumah yang masih berstruktur kayu dan semi permanan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu: (1) menganalisis kondisi fisik permukiman kawasan pesisir; (2) menganalisis kualitas permukiman kawasan pesisir dan merumuskan strategi pemecahan masalah permukiman kawasan pesisir Kecamatan Marobo Kabupaten Muna. Metode penelitian ini, yaitu: (1) kondisi fisik permukiman diketahui dengan melakukan interpertasi citra satelit Google Earth:(2)kualitas permukimandiketahui denganpendekatan keruangan dengan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografi pada aplikasi ArcGIS dengan melakukan teknik analisis scoring. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1)nilai kelayakan bangunan rumah hunian Desa Marobo, yaitu 70% dengan luas lantai >7,2, skor  5 bisa di kategorikan cukup luas, kemudian kelurahan Paroha 50 %, dengan luas lantai >7,2 skor  3,  Kelurahan Wadolau nilai kelayakan bangunan rumah hunian, yaitu 30% dengan luas lantai >7,2 skor  2  dan terakhir Kelurahan Tapi-Tapi nilai kelayakan bangunan rumah hunian, yaitu <10% dengan luas lantai>7,2 skor  1, sehingga bisa di kategorikan cukup kecil/sempit; (2) permukiman penduduk di Pesisir Desa Tapi-Tapi, Desa Wadolau, dan Desa Marobo didominasi oleh rumah nelayan, dengan luas pekarangan dan luas rumah tinggal cukup kecil/sempit.  Kondisi fisik rumah tinggal penduduk di Kecamatan Marobo termasuk kategori semipermanen yang tercermin dari jenis bahan dinding rumah yang mayoritas terbuat dari  papan kayu berkualitas sedang.Kata kunci: kondisi fisik, kualitas permukiman, kawasan pesisirAbstract: Coastal spatial planning must be seen as an effort to improve the quality of physical areas and the welfare of the community. The problem in this study are the drainage does not function optimally, among others there are no facilities for bathing, washing, latrines and the physical condition of the house which is still structured in wood and semi-permanent. The purpose of this study are: (1) to analyze the physical condition of the coastal area settlement in Marobo District Muna Regency; (2) to analyze the quality of coastal area settlements and formulate strategies for solving the problem of coastal area settlements in Marobo District Muna Regency. The research methods are: (1) the physical condition of the settlement is known by interpreting Google Earth satellite imagery; (2) settlement quality is known by spatial approach using Geographic Information Systems with ArcGIS by conducting a scoring analysis technique. The results of this study are: (1)the feasibility value of Marobo Village residential building is 70% with a floor area >7,2 score 5 can be categorized quite broadly, Paroha Village 50%, with a floor area >7,2 score 3 Wadolau Village the feasibility value of residential building is 30% with a floor area >7,2, score 2 and lastly the Tapi-Tapi Village feasibility value of residential buildings is <10% with a floor area >7,2 score 1 so that it can be categorized quite small/narrow; (2) the residential settlements in the Tapi-Tapi Village, Wadolau Village and Marobo Village are dominated by fishermen's houses, with a large yard area and a small/narrow residential area. The physical condition of resident houses in Marobo District belongs to the semi-permanent category, which is reflected in the type of wall material of the house which is mostly made of medium quality wood plasterKeywords: physical condition, quality of settlements, coastal area

scholarly journals Fire protection systems using clay-gypsum plaster in agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 11008
Author(s):  
Marat Asamatdinov ◽  
Аlexey Zhukov ◽  
Andrey Medvedev ◽  
Vitaly Mukhametzyanov
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Composite Binder ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Gypsum Plaster ◽  
Insulation Systems ◽  
Modified Binder ◽  
Main Component ◽  
In Fire

The article substantiates using a modified binder based on clay-gypsum as the main component of dispersed reinforced and plasters mixtures. The rheological properties of such mixtures and the performance characteristics of plaster coatings have been studied. It is proved that the use of clay-gypsum as part of a modified dispersed reinforced binder contributes to the creation of favorable environmental conditions and the formation of a comfortable climate inside the agricultural premises, as well as increases the degree of protection of structures in fire conditions. It is established that the technological properties of dispersed reinforced plaster mixtures depend primarily on the composition of the modified clay-gypsum binder and the consumption of mineral fiber and its length. The fiber diameter within 3.2-3.4 microns does not significantly affect the properties of mixtures. Dispersed reinforcement in the range from 1 to 5% slightly affects the average density of clay-gypsum mixtures and plaster coatings based on them. Dispersed reinforcement has the greatest effect on the mobility of the mortar plaster mixture and, to a lesser extent, on its thixotropy. The introduction of mineral fibers has a significant impact on the strength characteristics of plaster coatings, and, to the greatest extent, on the strength of bending, the compressive strength is most affected by the content of semi-aqueous gypsum in the composite binder. An increase in bending strength by 20% determines the greater resistance of plaster coatings to temperature influence and this allows us to state an increase in the duration of the functioning of clay plaster barriers when protecting load-bearing structures and insulation systems from the effects of high temperatures.

scholarly journals LIFESTYLE, ARCHITECTURE AND QUALITY OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-168
Author(s):  
Viktor P. GENERALOV ◽  
Elena M. GENERALOVA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Compact City ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Typological Structure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The study reveals the aspects that defi ne the concept of “lifestyle”, including the main categories: standard of living, lifestyle, quality of life and lifestyle. Insuffi cient knowledge of the mutual infl uence of people’s “lifestyle” on the typological structure of apartments and residential buildings, on the quality of the urban environment is emphasized. The infl uence of the level of urbanization of the city territory on the characteristics of the “urban lifestyle” is considered. Problematic issues are raised related to the debate on the relationship between building density and comfort and the quality index of the living environment. The main directions of fundamental research in the fi eld of architecture, aimed at the development of new types of buildings, are touched upon. The emphasis is made on the methods of using high-rise buildings for the humanization of the urban environment and the formation of a modern “compact city”.

scholarly journals Estimating Flight Characteristics of Anomalous Unidentified Aerial Vehicles

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin H. Knuth ◽  
Robert M. Powell ◽  
Peter A. Reali
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bounds ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Sonic Booms ◽  
Excessive Heat ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Estimate Lower

A number of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) encountered by military, commercial, and civilian aircraft have been reported to be structured craft that exhibit 'impossible' flight characteristics. We consider a handful of well-documented encounters, including the 2004 encounters with the Nimitz Carrier Group off the coast of California, and estimate lower bounds on the accelerations exhibited by the craft during the observed maneuvers. Estimated accelerations range from almost 100g to 1000s of g's with no observed air disturbance, no sonic booms, and no evidence of excessive heat commensurate with even the minimal estimated energies. In accordance with observations, the estimated parameters describing the behavior of these craft are both anomalous and surprising. The extreme estimated flight characteristics reveal that these observations are either fabricated or seriously in error, or that these craft exhibit technology far more advanced than any known craft on Earth. In many cases, the number and quality of witnesses, the variety of roles they played in the encounters, and the equipment used to track and record the craft favor the latter hypothesis that these are indeed technologically advanced craft. The observed flight characteristics of these craft are consistent with the flight characteristics required for interstellar travel. That is, if these observed accelerations were sustainable in space, then these craft could easily reach relativistic speeds within a matter of minutes to hours and cover interstellar distances in a matter of days to weeks, proper time.

scholarly journals An insight into the quality of internal built environment in Vladivostok. Part 1: Studying background radiation in residential premises

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-47
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Drozd ◽  
Valery V. Temchenko ◽  
Yuri V. Chubov ◽  
Vladimir N. Kustov ◽  
Kirill S. Golokhvast
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Background Gamma Radiation

Introduction. The article addresses background gamma radiation in residential premises of apartment buildings in Vladivostok. This study is based on earlier research undertakings focused on the sick building syndrome (SBS), which proves its high relevance. The research is focused on the intensity of background gamma radiation in the residential premises of apartment buildings in Vladivostok. New data obtained in the course of the field experiments, the scale of their analysis, the coverage of substantive issues concerning radiation intensity and its monitoring in residential buildings guarantee the novelty of this research project. These findings also have a practical value that deals with environmental safety. Materials and methods. Onsite examinations were conducted in the form of background gamma radiation measurements taken in versatile apartment buildings, built at different times and made of different materials. Results. This section contains analytical information about the lack of influence of the location of apartment buildings on background radiation inside the apartments examined within the framework of this research project. Measurement results represent a range of values depending on construction materials used. Principal regularities, derived from the measurement results, are based on the time of operation of residential buildings, which is of practical importance. Conclusions. Patterns of influence of building parameters on background radiation inside apartments allow to assess the condition of residential buildings. Background radiation information can be entered into BIM databases and used to formulate the approach to the design of buildings and urban infrastructure so that they were focused on their residents and users. Background radiation research findings, entered into the database and contributed to design algorithms which are customized to the needs of urban residents, will enable designers to project the overall quality of the living environment encompassing the built environment analyzed in this article and other nearby buildings and structures located in Vladivostok.

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