scholarly journals Designing a dictionary of patterns of destructive utterances in the task of identifying destructive information influence

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 03013
Author(s):  
E.P. Okhapkina ◽  
V.P. Okhapkin ◽  
A.O. Iskhakova ◽  
A.Y. Iskhakov
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
The Political ◽  
Control Actions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Level

Due to the high level of tension in modern society, social networks are widely used for destructive management of the information space. This aspect of the use of social networks has become particularly important in the light of events taking place in the world (Hong Kong, Syria, France and Ukraine). According to statistics, about 50% of politicized active groups of social networks are subjects to targeted control actions aimed at spreading negative moods in the political sphere. The escalation of conflicts in society generates the most dangerous type of destructive information influence (DII) that require rapid, large-scale coordination of participants in order to attract new supporters and their organizations. Massive DII on the participants of social networks groups exacerbated the problem of promptly identifying the facts of influence, and created serious prerequisites for the development and improvement of methods and means of identifying DII in social networks. The relevance of this problem is due to the existence of a number of methodological and technological problems in the subject area under consideration, one of them is the lack of patterns of network messages containing elements of DII. In the study, the authors consider an approach to designing a dictionary of patterns of destructive utterances.

Hong Kong’s Turn toward Greater Authoritarianism

2019 ◽  
pp. 241-244
Author(s):  
Ming Sing
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
The Political ◽  
Special Administrative Region ◽  
Occupy Movement ◽  
Administrative Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Cost

This afterword addresses how the prodemocracy community and activists have been besieged by the battle of defending Hong Kong against the perceptible erosion of its freedoms and its turn to greater authoritarianism. The Umbrella Movement of 2014 in Hong Kong shocked the world and captured global attention. Indeed, the movement has been hailed by many in the world, as so many Hong Kong people had the courage to challenge bluntly the largest dictatorial regime on earth for democracy. That said, the democracy movement has hit a bump, with Beijing not budging on democratization. What is worse, Beijing and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) government have patently tightened their control over Hong Kong's freedoms and genuine electoral contestation in the aftermath of the movement. Soon after the termination of the Umbrella Movement, Beijing doggedly stuck to its hardline policy on Hong Kong by dramatically raising the political cost for those challenging its suppression of Hong Kong's democratization. To pre-empt another large-scale Occupy Movement, Beijing and the HKSAR government have also curbed Hong Kong's press freedom and academic freedom.

Philosophical and Cultural Aspects of Medical Profession: Philosophical and Conceptual Peculiarities

Cultura ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Iryna MELNYCHUK ◽  
Nadiya FEDCHYSHYN ◽  
Oleg PYLYPYSHYN ◽  
Anatolii VYKHRUSHCH
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Cultural Proximity ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ecological Culture ◽  
High Level

The article analyzes the philosophical and cultural view of “doctor’s professional culture” as a result of centuries-old practice of human relations, which is characterized by constancy and passed from generation to generation. Medicine is a complex system in which an important role is played by: philosophical outlook of a doctor, philosophical culture, ecological culture, moral culture, aesthetic culture, artistic culture. We have found that within the system “doctor-patient” the degree of cultural proximity becomes a factor that influences the health or life of a patient. Thus, the following factors are important here: 1) communication that suppresses a sick person; 2) the balance of cultural and intellectual levels; 3) the cultural environment of a patient which has much more powerful impact on a patient than the medical one.At the present stage, the interdependence of professional and humanitarian training of future specialists is predominant, as a highly skilled specialist can not but become a subject of philosophizing. We outlined the sphere where the doctors present a genre variety of philosophizing (philosophical novels, apologies, dialogues, diaries, aphorisms, confessions, essays, etc.). This tradition represents the original variations in the formation of future doctor’s communicative competences, which are formed in the process of medical students’ professional training.A survey conducted among medical students made it possible to establish their professional values, which are indicators of the formation of philosophical and culturological competence. It was found out that 92% of respondents believed that a doctor should demonstrate a high level of health culture (avoid drinking and smoking habits, etc.)99% of respondents favoured a high level of personal qualities of a doctor which would allow methods and forms of medical practice to assert higher human ideals of truth, goodness and beauty that are the subject area of cultural studies and philosophy.

Building a Culture of Ethical, Comparable, Authentic Assessment

2019 ◽  
pp. 463-481
Author(s):  
Andrew Reid ◽  
Julie Ballantyne
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Authentic Assessment ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Music Educators ◽  
System Level ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
School Based ◽  
The Subject

In an ideal world, assessment should be synonymous with effective learning and reflect the intricacies of the subject area. It should also be aligned with the ideals of education: to provide equitable opportunities for all students to achieve and to allow both appropriate differentiation for varied contexts and students and comparability across various contexts and students. This challenge is made more difficult in circumstances in which the contexts are highly heterogeneous, for example in the state of Queensland, Australia. Assessment in music challenges schooling systems in unique ways because teaching and learning in music are often naturally differentiated and diverse, yet assessment often calls for standardization. While each student and teacher has individual, evolving musical pathways in life, the syllabus and the system require consistency and uniformity. The challenge, then, is to provide diverse, equitable, and quality opportunities for all children to learn and achieve to the best of their abilities. This chapter discusses the designing and implementation of large-scale curriculum as experienced in secondary schools in Queensland, Australia. The experiences detailed explore the possibilities offered through externally moderated school-based assessment. Also discussed is the centrality of system-level clarity of purpose, principles and processes, and the provision of supportive networks and mechanisms to foster autonomy for a diverse range of music educators and contexts. Implications for education systems that desire diversity, equity, and quality are discussed, and the conclusion provokes further conceptualization and action on behalf of students, teachers, and the subject area of music.

scholarly journals VALUE-SENSE MANAGEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1(82)) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
A. Kurbatov ◽  
L. Kurbatova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
The World ◽  
Sufficient Degree ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scientific Practical

The greatest crisis, which is being experienced by the world economy, has not come unexpectedly, since it was predicted with a sufficient degree of precision. Moreover, the matters, causing obstacles for the transformation in the period of transition from the mixed economy to the intellectual economy, have been studied well enough and the technologies of the harmonious transformation have not just been developed but also successfully approbated. However, the crisis is escalating with increasing strength, and many analysts are warning against the risk of irreversible losses, that threaten the mankind with self-destruction due to the effect of 'the lacuna' and 'the gap' between the speed of changes in life conditions and the velocity of growth of human and humanity abilities to adapt to fast changing conditions of ecological, economic, technological and political reality. As anticipated, the main problem turned out to be the intellectual inertia. Despite the fact that the system analysis of the global crisis in education, which does not any longer provide the human and humanity with the proper competencies, even those necessary for the survival, was published by F.G.Coobles back in 1968, the approaches which are long outdated and, therefore, have become dangerous, are still widely spread all over the world. The reports of the Roman club have repeatedly highlighted that the overcoming of 'the lacuna' effect requires new approaches to education, but this has not led to large scale practical results, in spite of the fact, that the task of the development of the new system of the continuous anti-crisis education (for all ages) was accomplished back in the USSR and the experimental model proved to be efficient in process of the 20 years approbation in conditions of the Russian Federation. The psychological bareers arising during the transition from the programme goal method to the system-synergetic approach, from the crisis model of economy to value-sense one, from the subject-object relations to the subject-subject ones and others, have turned to be hard to overcome without the help of specialists, equipped with the methods of the value-sense management, which enable each subject, experiencing the negative impact of the modern economic crisis, to successfully overcome it. This article is dedicated to the peculiarities of the author's scientific-practical school of the value-sense management as a means of overcoming the modern economic crisis. 

scholarly journals CONTAMPORARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT’S FACTORS

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Irina Afanasyeva
Keyword(s):  
World Order ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Global World

At the turn of the third Millennium, significant changes have affected the global world. The contemporary world economy, the world order, international organizational and economic relations are all involved in the intensive process of global development. There is no country in the world that is able to form and implement foreign economic policy without taking into account the behavior of other participants within the world economic system. Scientific and practical analysis of the subject area of the existing research has predetermined the key objective of this article – to determine the factors of contemporary global development.

THE COVID-19 FINANCIAL PROBLEMS AND ASPECTS OF AUDIT QUALITY ASSURANCE IN GEORGIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1(21)) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
David Bidzinashvili
Keyword(s):  
Audit Quality ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Variable ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Level ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Working Out

The new Corona-virus and the contagious disease which it causes, the so called COVID 19, put forward the serious challenges for many countries all over the world and for Georgia among them. Almost the whole world is facing very serious obstacles on the international and national levels. Too many problems emerged in the world countries. To resist against the new disease has become the main priority for each country. The global processes caused by the pandemics have influenced the audit service as well. The uncertainty and unpredictability caused the new risks of deficiencies and activated already existed ones in the new environment. The situation became more complicated due to the fact that it can happen that the auditors do not consider the mentioned risks in the process of planning for audits or the risks may be considered mistakenly. The firms and other economical institutions in which the audit is carried out are obliged to adopt the new rules and changing environments in which their businesses function; they should change the rules of fulfilling the operation, preparing the financial accounts, the processes of their representing the information processes, safety of information shown in the financial accounts, the rules of their preparing; they also evaluate the possibilities of keeping on their activities in the nearest future. The qualified performing of the audit implies the basical elemenst which helps to create such environment where the possibility of the high level audit will be at the maximum. Implementing the quality control implies that such system will include two stages; each of them is directed towards providing the audit processes according the international standards There are several types of the quality improvement system. In all of them the main variable value represents the amount of costs for the proper system. All countries choose the system which provides benefits taking the costs into consideration. There are four main stages in the process of implementation the system which will ensure the high quality audit. Here are four main stages shown in the process of implementation:  The first stage: to carry out diagnostic observation;  The second stage: stating the view;  The third sage: working out the system;  The fourth stage: implementation of the system. The firms and other economical institutions where the audit is carried out are obliged to be reliable with their activities in the changing situation in which their businesses function. The subjects change the rules of carrying out the usual operations, change the open information given in the financial accounts, and estimate the possibilities of maintaining the existing possibilities for the nearest future. It is important to revise some standards out of Audit International Standards and to make them fit for revealing and assessing the risks of essential mistakes and discrepencies. The controlled variation of the standard regulates such issues as the newly corrected risks caused by influences of COVID-19 pandemic on the planned approaches to the audit and also, evaluation of the risks already defined and making changes in them taking into consideration the influence of the errors in the risk evaluations and influence made upon the planned evaluations and audits the changes of which will influence the evaluations of the risks in the inner control of the subject on the previously made imagination of the control environment, in order to define the measures to be taken in order to change the reactions to the mistakes using different measures in order to reach the trustful mechanisms to rely on. International standards of audit– answering to the assessed risks, the checked variation of the standard implies that it maybecome necessary to change the measures of reaction to the changes in the circumstances in order to obtain enough reliable measures and activities to control the situation by means of enough auditory evidences. The auditor has responsibilities to take into consideration that largening the deadlines will cause growth of the period and the risks of the dates of events which will happen in the time interval between accountability date and the date of the conclusion made by audit, the audit is also responsible for any event taking place later in relation to the Covid-19 situation. He is responsible also for evaluation of the fact about financial information. The enterprise functioning within nowadays complex environment taking into consideration the situation of COVID 19, should consider such priority issues as the uncertainty accompanying the Covid situation, related covenants, and others which accompany the pandemic period, among them the region, the financial state of customers and dealers, liquidating and paying capacity. During the process of the risk assessments it should considered that Covid 19 pandemic greatly influenced the global economics and the separate branches such as hotels business, retail sail, tourism and others. As a result of pandemic, it is possible that the number of audit considerations and thee circumstances can modify them which can be conditioned by different circumstances and the audit will state if there are incorrectable improper conditioned due to the circumstances. The audit will make it certain there are unimprovable mistakes which apart and together are essential for the financial accountability and the auditor will conclude that they cannot acquire the proper conditioned which apart or together could be essential financial accounts or the audit will conclude that they are not able to the essential accountability. Important researches were led to assess the appeared situation and it was concluded that the COVID 19 pandemic had influenced the financial situation which showed that the specific actions and procedures became complicated.

Cursed by Nature? The Politics of Natural Assets

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Collier
Keyword(s):  
Natural Capital ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Class ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
Produced Capital ◽  
Missed Opportunity

Are natural assets a curse? In The Bottom Billion I argued why I thought they often did more harm than good to the poorest countries. But the real measure is not just the damage they cause, but their harm relative to their potential. Natural resources are the largest assets available to these societies. Their known natural capital has been estimated to be worth double their produced capital. The failure to harness natural capital is the single-most important missed opportunity in economic development. Since writing The Bottom Billion I have accumulated more research on the subject, as have many others. Indeed, whether an abundance of natural assets is a blessing or a curse is currently one of the disputes raging among economists. There are some high-visibility instances of natural assets appearing to ruin a country: Sierra Leone’s diamonds, for example, seemed to shred the fabric of that society to pieces; Nigeria’s oil fueled the corruption of the political class. But are these just outliers? After all, Botswana harnessed its diamonds to produce the fastest growing economy in the world, and Norway used its oil to achieve the world’s highest living standard. The question becomes whether there really is a “resource curse,” and whether, if it does exist, it is limited to countries with deeper problems. I have come to regard this as the most crucial issue in the struggle to transform the poorest societies. The revenues that they could get from natural assets are enormous, dwarfing any conceivable flows of aid. They could certainly be transformative. If they deliver, any efforts to inhibit the extraction of natural assets from the poorest countries are not simply counterproductive but irresponsible, impeding the path out of poverty. If, on the other hand, natural assets backfire, then there is an argument for leaving them in the ground. There would indeed be the basis for an alliance between the environmental lobby, pressing for natural assets to be conserved, and the development lobby, fighting to end mass poverty.

The Aerarium and its Officials Under the Empire

1964 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fergus Millar
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Interpretation ◽  
Financial Administration ◽  
Political Character ◽  
Public Revenues

No analysis of the political character of the Empire can avoid the question of finance. The various sources of revenue of the Emperor and the res publica, the role of the private wealth of the Emperor, the nature of his control over public funds, the question of how and when various public revenues were taken by him—a satisfactory political interpretation of the early Empire must take account of all these.This article attempts merely to take a second preliminary step towards such an interpretation. Its aim is to set out as clearly as possible the evidence as to the nature of the Aerarium and the functions of its officials, and, above all, to avoid the anachronistic approach which our language itself so readily invites. Not all anachronistic views of the subject have had the beautiful obviousness of Ramsay's contribution: even to speak of the ‘world-wide financial administration’ of the Aerarium will prove to be misleading.

Product Modelling in the Building and Construction Industry

2010 ◽  
pp. 104-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Dado ◽  
Reza Beheshti ◽  
Martinus van de Ruitenbeek
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Web Standards ◽  
Product Modelling ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Level

This chapter provides an overview of product modelling in the Building and Construction (BC) industry based on authors’ experiences gained from various conducted research projects and also taking into account results of other research projects. This chapter starts with an introduction and background of the subject area in terms of motivation, industrial needs and requirements. This is followed by an overview of a historical background of the subject area. In this historical background we distinguish five generations of product modelling developments. The first generation of product modelling developments is characterized by the influence of previous expert and database developments and by the constituting high-level constructs (e.g. EDM, BSM, RATAS and GARM). The second generation of product modelling developments can be characterized by the development of detailed aspect systems and supporting frameworks for data exchange and integration (e.g. IRMA, ATLAS, COMBINE, PISA and IMPPACT). The third generation product modelling developments can be characterized by its focus on collaborative engineering support by means of the application of middleware and client/server technology (e.g. SPACE, CONCUR, BCCM, VEGA and ToCEE) and the development of the IFC. The fourth generation of product modelling developments is heavily influenced by the Internet and Web Services standards such as XML, SOAP and UDDI and related business models such as eBusiness and eWork (e.g. bcXML, ifcXML and eConstruct). The next (fifth) generation of product modelling developments will be based on the emerging semantic web standards such as OWL and RDF, and based on the concepts of ontology internationmodelling as experienced in ongoing (European) projects such as SWOP. After this historical overview, an analysis of the characteristics of interesting conceptual product approaches is presented. Here we discuss the Standardisation, Minimal Model, Core Model, NOT, Vocabulary and Ontology product modelling approaches. Followed by an analysis of a number of specific conceptual product models and how the basic product modelling constructs (i.e. semantics, lifecycle modifiers and multiple project views) are implemented. This chapter ends with a discussion about some ongoing projects (COINS, CHEOPS and SWOP) in the context of future trends.

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