scholarly journals Biological effectiveness of the range of disinfectants winter wheat seeds used in Krasnodar Territory

2021 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Natalya Anatolyevna Moskaleva ◽  
Natalia Nikolaevna Dmitrenko ◽  
Natalya Anatolyevna Sasova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Wheat Seeds

In the conditions of the Krasnodar Territory, the pre-sowing treatment of seeds with drugs against diseases has firmly entered the system of protection of winter wheat. The use of seed dressing agents minimizes the risk of reducing field germination, ensures good overwintering of the crop, while being one of the most environmentally friendly plant protection methods. The idea of the biological efficiency of the seed disinfectants applied in the conditions of the region will allow not only to purposefully select a disinfectant, but also to prevent the resistance of pathogens causing diseases of seeds. An analysis of the range of fungicidal disinfectants used in the Krasnodar Territory in 2019 showed that the range was based on combined disinfectants based on several active substances with a different mechanism and spectrum of action, as well as that the shares of one-component and four-component drugs in it were - 10%, two-component - 20%. Combined dressers based on three active ingredients were the basis of the range used, the share of such preparations was 60%. Analysis of the data obtained allows to conclude that the modern range of dressing agents used in the farms of the Krasnodar Territory is capable of almost completely restraining the development of the pathogenic complex on winter wheat seeds. The maximum biological efficiency at the level of 100% was shown by the preparations in protection against dust and kernel smut, while it was at the level of 96.5% in protection against fusarium root rot.

scholarly journals Comprehensive protection of winter wheat from harmful organisms of agrocenosis in the zone of the Polissya of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
A. Bakalova ◽  
N. Gritsyuk ◽  
O. Derechа
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
Stem Base ◽  
Insecticidal Action ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
Substance Treatment ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Goal. To study influence of complex application of fungicidal, insecticidal action on the dynamics of the number of harmful organisms and fusarium root rot on winter wheat crops under the conditions of the Polissya of Ukraine. Method. The research was carried out during 2015—2017 on the experimental field of ZNAEU with. Greater Gorbash Chernyakhivsky area Zhytomyr region. The cultivation of winter wheat was carried out in accordance with the Polissya zone of Ukraine. Sizes of experimental sites 50 m2, repetition — four times. The research was carried out on two backgrounds of mineral nutrition — F1 — N150P60K100, F2 — N210P84K140 of the active substance. Treatment of wheat seeds with fungicidal and insecticidal preparations was carried out one day before sowing. The accounting of damage to wheat plants by the dominant pests was carried out from the IV stage of organogenesis by the method of recording areas using the framework imposed on the plants. The accounting for fusarium root rot was carried out in the phase of full ripeness before harvesting. Samples of plants for analysis were excavated from two adjacent rows of 0.5 m and recorded on a scale: 0 points — the plant did not affect; 1 point — defeat to 30% of the roots and up to 50% of the stem base; 2 points — defeat 30—60% of the roots and more than 50% of the stem base; 3 points — defeat more than 60% of the roots. Results. As a result of research on winter wheat crops, where N150P60K100 of active ingredient (F1) was introduced, the number of cicadas changed from 28 to 92 spe/ m², corn flies decreased by 56 spe/m², corn aphids decreased by 40 spe/ m². its population for the complex processing of seeds Gaucho Plus 466 FS, TH (0.6 l/t) + Lamardor 400 FS, TH (0.2 l/t) + MikoHelp (1.0 l/t). The spread of fusarium root decreased by 22—23%, development — by 2.5—2.8% compared with the control variant. At higher levels of mineral nutrition N210P84K140 the grain yield increases from 3.5 to 5.8 t/ha, and the increase in yield was from 0.73 to 2.25 t/ha, which is 0.4 t/ha more than in the background of 1 in option Gaucho Plus 466 FS, TH (0.6 l/t) + Lamardor 400 FS, TH (0.2 l/t) + MikoHelp (1.0 l/t). Conclusions. Complex treatment of seeds with fungicidal and insecticidal preparations contributed to a decrease in the number of plant phytophages and a decrease in winter wheat damage by fusarium root rot. The combination of different standards of mineral nutrition and tank mixes for seed drilling improved the characteristics of the structure of the crop. The highest increment of yield was obtained at elevated norms of mineral nutrition N210P84K140 in combination with the use of a mixture of drugs Gaucho Plus 466 FS, TH (0.6 l/t) + Lamardor 400 FS, TH (0.2 l/t) + MikoHelp (1.0 l/t), which was 2.25 t/ ha compared with the control variant.

scholarly journals Efficiency of the application of insectofungicide prestige for grain crops protection against harmful organisms

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Aleksey Ivanovich Silaev ◽  
Lyudmila Denisovna Grishechkina ◽  
Vera Gennadievna Churikova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
The Prestige

The effectiveness of the insecticofungicide Prestige, KS, used to protect plants from damage by diseases and damage by pests in the first stages of ontogenesis is shown. Presowing seed treatment with a preparation with a flow rate of 2.5–3.5 l/t reduced the incidence of winter wheat with root rot of rhizoctoniosis etiology by 62.9%. The biological effectiveness of the Prestige, KS (3.5 l / t) on moderately infectious background was also quite high - 59.5%, however, it was 9.0% lower than the standard. It practically did not influence overwintering of plants. After application of Prestige, KS were in the norm of 2.5 and 3.5 l/t, and Maxim Extreme, KS in the norm of 1.75 l/t, the number of plants preserved by spring varied from 91.9 to 92.9%, that is higher than in the control by 3.9–4.9%. The application of insectofungicide Prestige, KS at a rate of 2.5 l/t on spring wheat sowings reduced the number of grain fleas by more than 80.0%and the damage of the stems by the larvae of cereal flies by 74.3%. This preparation  is not phytotoxic with respect to cereals.

scholarly journals The expediency of using a plant protection system using the microbiological fungicide BisolbiSan, W in the cultivation of winter wheat in the Southern natural and agricultural zone of the Rostov region

2022 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 01020
Author(s):  
Gennady Urban ◽  
Olga Krotova ◽  
Denis Efimov ◽  
Konstantin Savenkov ◽  
Maria Savenkova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plant Protection System

The authors analyzed the biological effectiveness of the integrated plant protection system formed when the microbiological fungicide BisolbiSan, Zh was included in the classical protection scheme adopted in the farms of the Rostov region. The biological effectiveness of the integrated protection system, including the fungicide BisolbiSan, was analyzed, the impact of the studied protection system on the yield, the quality of the grain obtained, the phytosanitary condition of the crop during the growing season on winter wheat crops of the variety Nakhodka with the use of a plant protection system, including the fungicide BisolbiSan, Zh. The fungicide BisolbiSan, containing a culture of rhizospheric bacteria Bacillus subtilis strain H-13, suppresses the germination of spores and mycelium growth of phytopathogenic fungi due to the multilateral action of bacterial metabolites, without causing the formation of resistance in pathogens. It was found that the protection system used practically does not cause a decrease in grain quality — in terms of the average protein and gluten content, the grain at the experimental site even slightly exceeds the grain obtained from the control site by 16.88% and 27.8%. With the cost of winter wheat grain of 1100 rubles/kg, an increase in the yield in the experiment of 3.8 kg/ha in relation to control and the cost of an experimental protection system in the amount of 3,357 rubles/ha, revenue amounted to 823 rubles/ha.

THE INFLUENCE OF HERBICIDES WITH VARIOUS RANGE OF EFFECTS FOR STRESS RESISTANCE AND YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT SEEDS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Кудин ◽  
Sergey Kudin ◽  
Кошеляев ◽  
Vitaliy Koshelyaev ◽  
Кошеляева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Weed Species

The aim of the research is to substantiate the scheme of plant protection of winter wheat against perennial and annual weeds, including monocotyledonous weed species. This scheme provides high grain yield and quality standardized seeds output. To achieve this goal the production experiment was conducted. The experiment was repeated three times, the location of the plots was systematic. The predecessor was peas. The main weeds of winter wheat were representatives of the classes: Asteraceae (field sowthistle, Canada thistle, chamomile odorless), ranging from 15% to 24%, Cabbage – Brassicaceae Burnett (field pennycress) – 7-14%, Goosefoot family – Chenopodiaceae (pigweed white) – 1-6%, Vonkova – Convolvulaceae (convolvulus arvensis) – 10-8% and Poaceae (PPE foxtail, millet, chicken, wild oat common) – from 24 to 42%. The species composition of the weed is suppressed almost completely when using the tank mixture of graminicide together with the broad-spectrum herbicide (Lastik Top 0.5 l/ga + Balerina 0.4 l/ga). In average, per years of research the biological efficiency of this variant was 96%. The plants of winter wheat under treatment of crops with protection means against weeds receive stress, which is manifested in a sharp decrease of chlorophyll concentration in the leaves. The inhibition of plants is manifested regardless of the application of graminicide, herbicide or tank mixtures. Under favorable weather conditions for plant growth and development the chlorophyll concentration in leaves restores after 8 days of applying plant protection means up to normal. The highest yield of winter wheat, maximum yield of quality standardized seeds and the propagation coefficient factor of varieties is formed when using a tank mix Lastik Top (0.5 l/ga) + Balerina (0.4 l/ga), regardless of variety and year of growing. The use of graminicide Lastik Top (0.5 l/ga) in tank mix with herbicide Balerina (0.4 l/ga) suppresses the development of monocotyledonous species of weeds of the same Botanical group that includes winter wheat. The second component tank mix herbicide Balerina suppresses the entire spectrum of dicotyledonous weeds. This results in the improvement of conditions for the growth and development of plants, providing higher grain yield, quality standardized seeds output and the rate of reproduction of varieties.

scholarly journals Integrated protection of winter wheat from a complex of harmful causes in european non-chernozem region of the RF

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Yu. Ya. Spiridonov ◽  
A. Т. Kalimullin ◽  
L. D. Protasova ◽  
V. A. Abubikerov ◽  
I. Yu. Spiridonova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Effi Ciency

The results of many years of research on the effectiveness of the integrated use of crop protection means and fertilizers with the application of various tillage systems for cultivation of winter wheat of Moskovskaya variety 39 are presented. The studies were conducted in the European nonchernozem soil of Moscow Region on sod-podzolic medium loamy medium-cultivated soil. It was shown that weeds are mainly represented by broadleaved species with an amount of 270 to 370 pcs/ m2. Among pests, cereal aphids and capsid bugs dominate. Among diseases, Helminthosporium and Fusarium root rot (up to 30–40%) and aerogenic infections – brown leaf rust (15-28%) and leaf spot (17-25%) were noted. Studies showed high individual effectiveness in eliminating harmful causes by using appropriate means of protection – seed disinfectants, herbicides, fungicides and insecticides. Weed infestation decreased by 78-85%, root rot development – by 78-81, leaf diseases – by 91-98, pests – by 78-100%. At the same time, the weak effectiveness of the Alto-super fungicide against Septoria and Karate insecticide against wheat thrips was noted. The effect of protective measures on the stored crop was as follows: seed disinfectants – 18%, insecticides – 21, herbicides – 39, fungicides – 22%. The highest economic effect was obtained with the integrated use of plant protection products – up to 1.07 t / ha of grain. At the same time, the quality of grain, content of protein and gluten, and grain class increased. The economic effi ciency of the integrated protection system ranged from 4.7 to 8.1 roubles for each rouble spent. The best result in terms of economic effi ciency was obtained with moldboard tillage and the use of a full dose of NPK90 mineral fertilizers and a full integrated protection scheme.

scholarly journals New Preparations for Winter Wheat Seeds Protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 630-635
Author(s):  
V. A. GULIDOVA ◽  
R. V. SHCHUCHKA
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Early Period ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Seed Dressing ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The research results into the different seed dressing agents effect on winter wheat seeds sowing qualities are presented. In the experiment, effective combination preparations with multilateral insectofungicidal activity were studied. The presence of several active substances in the preparation reduces the pesticide burden on the environment. Under field conditions close to production conditions the Sistiva, Kuinto Duo, Imidashans, Chansometox, Shansil Ultra, Shansil Trio, Vaibrans Integral, Celest Max, Celest Top effect at recommended doses were studied. At present, for winter wheat seed dressing it is best to use insectofungicide preparations containing different chemical classes several components. The best indicators for productivity (7.23 t/ha) and grain quality among the studied preparations were obtained by using a four-component insectofungicide for winter wheat seed disinfestation Vaibrans Integral, KS at the rate of 2l/t. Its use provides not only high yield but also particularly high protein content in the grain (16.07%) and gluten (36.8%) of the first quality group. If we take the winter wheat yield as a basis, in this indicator terms the worst performance was that of Celest Top. Nevertheless, all the studied preparations can be used to disinfect winter wheat seeds from seed and soil infections, as well as from harmful insects of the early period of plant development.

scholarly journals Protection of grain crops with herbicide Secator Plus, MD

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-454
Author(s):  
S. V. Soroka
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Active Substances

The natural and climatic conditions of Belarusare favorable for development of over 300 species of weeds. Currently, perennial, wintering, winter and spring weeds dominate among grain crops. When grain crops are infested with both annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds, herbicides containing several active substances are efficient. One of such promising herbicides is the new herbicide Secator Plus, MD(2.4 acid, 433 g/l + iodosulfuron, 62.5 g/l + amidosulfuron, 25 g/l + mefenpyr /antidote/, 62.5 g/l). This herbicide used at the rate of 0.3-0.5 l/ha for winter grain crops provided high biological efficiency against the dominant annual and some perennial dicotyledonous weeds (80–100% loss): Chenopodium album L., Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik., Galeopsis tetrahit L., Tripleurospermum inodorum Sch.-Bip., Galium aparine L., Sonchus arvensis L., etc. In the studied crops, reliable increases in preserved grain yield were obtained. Economic benefit: the net income in winter wheat crops amounted to 60.0-90.0 dollars/ha, winter triticale 35.5-43.7 dollars/ha, and spring wheat 159.9-212.3 dollars/ha. Based on the research results, the herbicide Secator Plus, MD is registered in the State Register of Plant Protection Products (pesticides) and fertilizers permitted for use on the territory of theRepublic ofBelarus. The research results are of interest in the field of herbology, since they reveal the mechanisms of interaction of various active substances in herbicide, show possibilities of its widespread use in agriculture.

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