scholarly journals Livelihood strategies of smallholder coffee farmers: case study in Simalungun, North Sumatera

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 02051
Author(s):  
Diany Faila Sophia Hartatri ◽  
Jeffrey Neilson
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Coffee Farmers ◽  
Coffee Farm ◽  
Capital Access ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Access To Knowledge

The majority of coffee in Simalungun is produced by smallholder coffee farmers who have several issues, including limited working capital, access to knowledge, technology and market information. These issues have impacted on low productivity that further has caused the low income obtained from coffee farm. The aim of this research is to understand the livelihood strategies applied by smallholder coffee farmers and to analyze the contribution of coffee to the household farmers’ income. A household survey has been carried out in 2018. The survey was conducted in Silimakuta, Dolok Silau, Purba, Pematang Silimakuta, Dolok Silau, and Pematang Purba sub districts. There were 200 smallholder coffee farmers interviewed in this research. The research showed that the majority of coffee farmers applied diversification livelihood strategies. The smallholder coffee farmers are also maintaining diverse and highly intensive horticulture production, such as citrus, potatoes, tomatoes, cabbage and chili. The research results indicate that coffee consist only part of the smallholder coffee farmers livelihood. However, coffee plays important contribution as source of smallholder coffee farmers’ income, with average coffee contribution to smallholder household farmers accounted for 42.30% to household farmers’ income. The income gained from coffee is generally spent to meet staple food needs, particularly to buy rice.

A Better Brew: COVID-19 and Sustainable Outcomes for Coffee Tourism in Ali Mountain, Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Coffee Farmers ◽  
Coffee Farm ◽  
Sustainable Futures

COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the global economy in an unprecedented manner, which includes the coffee industry. This paper seeks to provide insights as to how coffee farmers on Ali Mountain, Taiwan transitioned to sustainable futures as an outcome of the pandemic. A case study approach is adopted to explore how COVID-19 influences the coffee business and corresponding tourism implications, along with crisis management strategies for a post-pandemic era. Through a case study approach, the study revealed that the current pandemic has conditioned the perception of risk towards all actors of the coffee estate and thereby causing a shift in consumer preference. Despite the adaptive strategies employed by the business to establish some form of normality, the coffee estate operation in Ali Mountain remains reactive to crises and disaster in the absence of a strategic and holistic plan to deal with situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Theoretical and practical suggestions are provided to inspire coffee farm owners in terms of disaster management scenarios, sustainable anti-pandemic strategies, as well as the desire and quest for industry resuscitation and activation.

Housing and Health: A Case Study of Two Areas in West Belfast

1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Blackman ◽  
Eileen Evason ◽  
Martin Melaugh ◽  
Roberta Woods
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Mass Housing ◽  
Respiratory Conditions

ABSTRACTThe issue of housing and health has received growing attention in recent years. This article reviews why this has been the case and presents the results of the authors' study of housing and health in two areas of West Belfast. A large scale household survey was carried out in Divis Flats and part of the Twinbrook estate, both deprived areas of public sector housing, to compare health and housing conditions. The health of children in Divis is shown to be much worse than the health of children in Twinbrook. Respiratory conditions, diarrhoea, vomiting and psychological distress were particularly common. The health of adults in Divis was also markedly worse than in Twinbrook, and the health of women generally worse than men. The authors conclude that Divis Flats is a contemporary public sector slum and support the case for clearance and rehousing. However, it is argued that the health problems of Divis are one, extreme, manifestation of a wider problem of ill health in low income, ‘mass housing’ areas.

Analysing capabilities and resources used to incorporate fruit and vegetables into the family diet: findings from an Australian case study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Samantha B Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Organizational Skills ◽  
Australian Case ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Conducting Research

Research attributes low fruit and vegetable consumption to problems of access, availability and affordability. We conducted, for the first time, a case study with three families designed and analysed using the sustainable Livelihoods Framework. The benefit of such an approach is that we moved away from identified barriers and towards identifying the capabilities and resources low-income families use to incorporate fruit and vegetables into their diets. Mitigating cost and access, we provided families with a box of fresh fruit and vegetables free of charge for up to 10 weeks and observed and recorded how/if the contents were used. Results identify the importance of social networking, organizational skills, knowledge of health benefits, and social structures. This paper demonstrates an effective methodology for understanding the capabilities of, rather than barriers to, low-income families increasing fruit and vegetable intake. Additionally, we provide a ‘how to’ and ‘lessons from the field’ for researchers interested in conducting research of this nature.

Successful leadership in a rural, high-poverty school: the case of County Line Middle School

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans W. Klar ◽  
Curtis A. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Leadership Strategies ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Content Type ◽  
School Principalship ◽  
Successful School

Purpose – In this paper, the authors present a case study of successful school leadership at County Line Middle School. The purpose of the paper is to identify how particular leadership practices and beliefs were adapted to increase student achievement in this rural, high-poverty school in the southeastern USA. Design/methodology/approach – After purposefully selecting this school, the authors adapted interview protocols, questionnaires, and analysis frameworks from the International Successful School Principalship Project to develop a multi-perspective case study of principal leadership practices at the school. Findings – The findings illustrate the practices which led to students at this school, previously the lowest-performing in the district, achieving significantly higher on state standardized tests, getting along “like a family,” and regularly participating in service learning activities and charity events. A particularly interesting finding was how the principal confronted the school's negative self-image and adapted common leadership practices to implement a school-wide reform that suited its unique context. Research limitations/implications – While the findings of the study explicate the specific ways the principal adapted leadership strategies to enhance student learning, this study also highlights the need to understand how principals become familiar with their community's needs, cultures, norms, and values, and exercise leadership in accordance with them. Practical implications – The case offers an example of the need for context-responsive leadership in schools. In particular, it illustrates how this principal enacted leadership strategies that successfully negotiated what Woods (2006) referred to as the changing politics of the rural. To realize this success, the principal utilized his understanding of this low income, rural community to guide his leadership practices. Critically, part of this understanding included the ways the community was connected to and isolated from dominant sub-urban and urban societies, and how to build enthusiasm and capacity through appeals to local values. Originality/value – While it is widely acknowledged that school leaders need to consider their school and community contexts when making leadership decisions, less research has focussed on understanding how this can be achieved. This case provides rich examples of how this was accomplished in a rural, high-poverty middle school.

scholarly journals Spiritual and Religious Support for Underrepresented First-Generation, Low-Income (UFGLI) Students

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 548
Author(s):  
Elliott Ingersoll ◽  
Sophia Elliott ◽  
Stephanie Drcar
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Educational Experience ◽  
Religious Support ◽  
Religion And Spirituality ◽  
Minimal Support ◽  
Systemic Barriers

UFGLI students comprise 34% of the students enrolled in four-year universities. Unlike some students, UFGLI students face internal and systemic barriers throughout their educational experience and their struggles are often dismissed and disregarded. Working and raising a family while taking courses, minimal support systems, and financial struggles require students to optimize their resources. We explore the issues of UFGLI students and the importance of their spiritual and religious supports using a literature review and a case study. Religious and spiritual identities are resources that should be explored and supported by staff at university counselling centers. Affirming UFGLI students’ religious and spiritual identities and understanding how religion and spirituality work in their lives can assist these students in their acclimation to and success at university.

Measuring the Impact of a Full Service Grocery Store in a Food Desert

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-176
Author(s):  
Kellie Schneider ◽  
Diana Cuy Castellanos ◽  
Felix Fernando ◽  
Jeanne A. Holcomb
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Food Deserts ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being

Food deserts, areas in which it is difficult to obtain affordable, nutritious food, are especially problematic in low-income neighbourhoods. One model for addressing food hardship and unemployment issues within low-income food deserts is a cooperative grocery store. Through the cooperative model, the grocery store can serve as a cornerstone to address socio-economic marginalisation of low-income neighbourhoods and improve the health and well-being of its residents. It is important for communities and policymakers to be able to assess the effectiveness of these types of endeavours beyond traditional economic factors such as profitability. This article uses a systems engineering approach to develop a framework for measuring the holistic impact of a cooperative grocery store on community health and well-being. This framework encompasses values that characterise the relationship between food retail, economic viability and social equality. We develop a dashboard to display the key metrics for measuring the economic, social and environmental indicators that reflect a grocery store’s social impact. We demonstrate the usefulness of the framework through a case study of a full-service cooperative grocery store that is planned within the city of Dayton, OH.

scholarly journals Phoenix Rising: The Evolution of Holyoke’s Collaborative Organizing for Healthy Food Resilience

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 63S-69S
Author(s):  
Catherine Sands ◽  
Neftali Duran ◽  
Laura Christoph ◽  
Carol Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Food System ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Racial Equity ◽  
Local Leadership ◽  
Safe Spaces ◽  
Community Power ◽  
Community Representation

In the Holyoke Food & Fitness Policy Council (HFFPC) case study, the challenges of providing equitable multistakeholder organizing are examined. The importance of housing the work in the community, power sharing, and having community representation in the leadership is made clear. The HFFPC partnership began with vigor, encountered challenges of trust, transparency, aligned goals and values; it dissolved, and reformed. Because it began with shared values of strong communities and healthy people, the partnership continues to evolve, build local leadership, change narratives, and articulate the need for racial equity in their food system, while shifting local systems and policies that frame who has access to healthy food and safe spaces to exercise in a low-income Latino community.

scholarly journals The Nexus between Rural Household Livelihoods and Agricultural Functions: Evidence from China

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Bencheng Liu ◽  
Yangang Fang
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cultural Function ◽  
Livelihood Assets ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Farming Households

Understanding the relationship between households’ livelihoods and agricultural functions is important for regulating and balancing households’ and macrosocieties’ agricultural functional needs and formulating better agricultural policies and rural revitalization strategies. This paper uses peasant household survey data obtained from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) and statistical analysis methods, to analyze the differences in livelihood assets and agricultural functions of households with different livelihood strategies and the relationship between livelihood assets and agricultural functions. Households are categorized based on their livelihood strategies as full-time farming households, part-time farming I households, part-time farming II households, and non-farming households. The agricultural product supply and negative effects of the ecological service function of full-time farming households are higher than those of part-time farming and non-farming households. Part-time farming I households have the strongest social security function, while non-farming households have the weakest social security function. Non-farming households have the strongest leisure and cultural function, while part-time farming I households have the weakest leisure and cultural function. Households’ demand for agricultural functions is affected by livelihood assets. Effective measures should be taken to address contradictions in the agricultural functional demands of households and macrosocieties.

Vulnerability to Natural Disaster and Welfare Effect: A Case Study of Flood Risk in Vietnam’s North Central Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 002190962199349
Author(s):  
Manh-Hung Nguyen ◽  
Dung P Le ◽  
Thang T Vo
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
North Central ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Housing Costs ◽  
Household Vulnerability ◽  
The Impact

This article investigates the impact of flood risk on vulnerability and welfare at the household level in Vietnam. The analytical sample is taken from a household survey conducted in a north central Vietnam community through a three-stage stratified random sampling method. The propensity score matching approach is employed to compare various welfare indicators between flooded and non-flooded households. This study finds that flooding results in significant income losses and imposes higher costs of living, especially housing costs. The two types of households are vulnerable, implying that other natural disasters or socio-economic disadvantages may have adverse effects on households’ livelihoods. The insignificant effect of floods on vulnerability indicates that the flooded households can cope with floods to some extent. However, contrary to family support, formal coping strategies are insufficient or ineffective at reducing household vulnerability to floods.

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