scholarly journals Disaster mitigation local wisdom in the tradition of the minangkabau community

2021 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 04013
Author(s):  
Khairil Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
Hereditary System ◽  
The World ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Food Reserves ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Qualitative Discussion

This study is about Minangkabau’s local wisdom in disaster mitigation. Minangkabau is an ethnic and cultural group that is still alive and developing today. This ethnic group is centered in West Sumatra in the highlands of the Bukit Barisan which stretches along the island of Sumatra and develops through migrating to various regions in the world. This ethnicity is the oldest tribe on earth which is characterized by the use of the hereditary system according to the maternal or matrilineal line. His leadership made the Minangkabau ethnic have various kinds of local wisdom, especially those directly related to disaster mitigation. The Minangkabau cultural center is located in an area that has a high intensity of natural disasters by its natural topography. In responding to their natural environment, the Minangkabau community has local wisdom in the form of a superstructure that regulates infrastructure and social structure in disaster mitigation. This local wisdom is found in various literacy and traditions of the Minangkabau community. This qualitative discussion uses the perspective of cultural materialism theory. It was found that the local wisdom of disaster mitigation includes human norms and attitudes towards nature; norms before a disaster occurs; and post-disaster policies. To anticipate disasters, there are rules regarding the processing and utilization of nature, such as the use of land, hills, deserts, and swamps. In the event of a disaster, there are rules such as building rangkiang and filling it with food reserves, doing the ijok tradition, and batangeh.

scholarly journals Tourist’s Perceived Risk and Image of the Destinations Prone to Natural Disasters: The Case of Bali and Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Erda Rindrasih
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Environmental Disasters ◽  
Safety Perception ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Post Disaster

Tourism has emerged as one of the largest and most rapidly growing economic sectors in the world. Nevertheless, many tourist destinations have been periodically confronted by natural disasters that threaten their survival as an industry by negatively impacting their image and safety perception. This research assessed tourists’ perception of the risk and images of a destination that is considered prone to natural disasters, by surveying 537 tourists in Yogyakarta and Bali. This study contributes to the debate on tourism development issues related to negative perceptions and images that have discouraged prospective tourists from visiting affected destinations. The results of the survey indicated that the occurrence of past disasters did not strongly influence tourists’ decision to visit Indonesia. Instead, the creation of the destination image was informed more by its current situation, and it is these current factors that may encourage or discourage potential tourists. These findings should signal to tourism planners that while environmental disasters are unavoidable, post-disaster rehabilitation of a destination’s image would significantly increase its chances of rebounding quickly.

scholarly journals River Care Community and Padang Disaster Education Park for Disaster Mitigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Rika Rubianti ◽  
Azmi Fitrisia
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Care Community ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Disaster Education ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

This research is motivated to find out the survival of the Society survival in areas prone to landslides In The Village Of North TandikekPatamuan Sub-District, Padang Pariaman District. Research location in the village of North Tandikek. This research uses qualitative approaches with case study research types, data collection techniques by observation, interviews and documentation.The selection of informant is done by Purposive Sampling. The Analysis of this research uses functional structural theory by Talcott Parsoons AGIL. The results of the research are that (1). The reasons for society to stay in the research site are: a). Environmental Factors, b) Economic Factors, c) Social Cultural Factors, d) Education Factors. (2). Society strategies for survival in landslide prone areas that is: a). Looking for a safe haven b). Greening empty land c). Mutual Cooperatin West Sumatra is one area with a high level of disaster vulnerability. West Sumatra BPBD said that West Sumatra was very vulnerable to natural disasters, and for most of the year natural disasters struck. The efforts made by the government in disaster management efforts in West Sumatra, especially in the city of Padang, were to establish a Disaster Education Park on the Purus Coast of Padang City. The Disaster Education Park aims to provide an understanding of disasters to the community, so that the community can prepare themselves for disasters. The purpose of this research is to describe the role of Purus Padang River Care Community and Disaster Education Park for disaster mitigation in Padang City. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The results of this study concluded that there are several roles of the River Concern Community and Disaster Education Park in disaster mitigation efforts in the city of Padang, including: (1) Providing reading books as a source of knowledge about disaster, (2) Establish a River School, (3) Making KPS management a playground, (4) Providing Disaster Material / Training to the Community, (5) Monitor River Development, (6) Maintain the cleanliness of rivers, lakes and beaches.

scholarly journals LOCAL WISDOM AND NATURAL DISASTER IN WEST SUMATRA

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Syafwan Rozi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
A Value ◽  
Social Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Depth Interviews

<p>Community-based disaster management is an attempt to optimize the potential of social and local values in communities to facilitate the handling of natural disasters. West Sumatra as one of the disaster-prone areas in Indonesia has a number of local wisdom values—a value combining religion and local culture—rooted in traditional philosophy; “Adat Basandi Syara’, Syara’ Basandi Kitabullah”. The examples of those local wisdoms are customary ideas or proverbs in the form of legend and expressions, architectural design of the traditional house—“Rumah Gadang”—and the structure of the environment as well as the social systems of kinship and traditional administration in the form of Nagari. This research employed qualitative method by using ethnography approach. The data were collected through observations, participation in social events, and in-depth interviews. Those techniques were applied to obtain the valid information and the meaning of events and behaviors comprehensively. The local values applied by the indigenous communities as the victims of natural disasters in some regions of West Sumatra include “Badoncek” tradition in Nagari Tandikat Padang Pariaman, the architecture of “Rumah Gadang” in Nagari Sungayang, Tanah Datar and disaster mitigation based on district in Nagari Kubang Putiah Agam.</p><p><br />Managemen bencana berbasis masyarakat merupakan upaya untuk mengoptimalkan potensi sosial dan nilai-nilai lokal yang dimiliki masyarakat untuk memudahkan proses penanganan bencana alam. Sumatera Barat sebagai salah satu daerah rawan bencana di Indonesia, memiliki sejumlah nilai kearifan lokal, sebuah nilai yang memadukan antara agama dan budaya lokal yang termaktub dalam filosofi adat; Adat Basandi Syara’, Syara’ Basandi Kitabullah. Di antara kearifan lokal itu adalah ide atau pepatah adat dalam bentuk tambo dan ungkapan-ungkapan, tata ruang rumah adat dari segi arsitektur rumah gadang dan penataan lingkungannya serta sistem sosial kekerabatan dan pemerintahan adat dalam bentuk nagari. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, keterlibatan dalam kegiatan masyarakat dan wawancara mendalam. Teknik-teknik ini dilakukan untuk mendapat informasi yang valid dan mendalam serta menghayati makna atau arti peristiwa dan tingkah laku secara komprehensif. Adapun nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang diterapkan komunitas adat di Sumatera Barat meliputi tradisi badoncek di Nagari Tandikat Padang Pariaman, arsitektur dan tata kelola rumah gadang di Nagari Sungayang Tanah Datar serta mitigasi bencana berbasis nagari di Nagari Kubang Putiah Kabupaten Agam.</p>

scholarly journals Tourist’s Perceived Risk and Image of the Destinations Prone to Natural Disasters: The Case of Bali and Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Erda Rindrasih
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Environmental Disasters ◽  
Safety Perception ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Post Disaster

Tourism has emerged as one of the largest and most rapidly growing economic sectors in the world. Nevertheless, many tourist destinations have been periodically confronted by natural disasters that threaten their survival as an industry by negatively impacting their image and safety perception. This research assessed tourists’ perception of the risk and images of a destination that is considered prone to natural disasters, by surveying 537 tourists in Yogyakarta and Bali. This study contributes to the debate on tourism development issues related to negative perceptions and images that have discouraged prospective tourists from visiting affected destinations. The results of the survey indicated that the occurrence of past disasters did not strongly influence tourists’ decision to visit Indonesia. Instead, the creation of the destination image was informed more by its current situation, and it is these current factors that may encourage or discourage potential tourists. These findings should signal to tourism planners that while environmental disasters are unavoidable, post-disaster rehabilitation of a destination’s image would significantly increase its chances of rebounding quickly.

Resilience Science for a Resilience Society in Seismogenic and Tsunamigenic Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 712-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Kaneda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
2004 Sumatra Earthquake ◽  
The World ◽  
Chile Earthquake ◽  
The One ◽  
Resilience Science

The world falls victim to many natural disasters, including disasters from tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tornados, hurricanes, floods, landslides, and droughts.Above all, attention has been drawn to destructive tsunamis and earthquakes, such as the 2004 Sumatra earthquake and tsunami, the 2010 Chile earthquake, and the 2011 East Japan earthquake and tsunami.My personal experience with disasters, tsunamis, and earthquakes has taught me that they can cause severe damage to buildings, the environment, and people in societies in coastal areas (Fig. 1).Since the East Japan earthquake and tsunami in 2011, restoration and revival from the extensive damage caused by the natural disasters has not progressed rapidly in the coastal areas of East Japan.There are many reasons for this, such as the lead times for restoration and recovery, reconstruction budgets, and the time spent generating consensus among the national government, local governments, and people living in the coastal areas on the restoration plans.Furthermore, mental and economic restoration for each individual affected by the disaster in coastal areas and others is very far from returning to the normal state – the one before the disaster.Therefore, advanced measures for disaster mitigation, restoration, and revival in coastal areas are indispensable in advance of the next destructive earthquake and tsunami.In this paper, I will first present examples of tsunami and earthquake damage in Japan and the rest of the world, and countermeasures, resilience science, and resilience society.

scholarly journals Deep Learning-Enabled Semantic Inference of Individual Building Damage Magnitude from Satellite Images

Algorithms ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley J. Wheeler ◽  
Hassan A. Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Semantic Inference ◽  
The World ◽  
Major Bottleneck ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Management Decision Support

Natural disasters are phenomena that can occur in any part of the world. They can cause massive amounts of destruction and leave entire cities in great need of assistance. The ability to quickly and accurately deliver aid to impacted areas is crucial toward not only saving time and money, but, most importantly, lives. We present a deep learning-based computer vision model to semantically infer the magnitude of damage to individual buildings after natural disasters using pre- and post-disaster satellite images. This model helps alleviate a major bottleneck in disaster management decision support by automating the analysis of the magnitude of damage to buildings post-disaster. In this paper, we will show our methods and results for how we were able to obtain a better performance than existing models, especially in moderate to significant magnitudes of damage, along with ablation studies to show our methods and results for the importance and impact of different training parameters in deep learning for satellite imagery. We were able to obtain an overall F1 score of 0.868 with our methods.

scholarly journals The Existence of Local Wisdom in the World Bank Post-Earthquake Assistance Implementation in West Sumatra

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Anita Afriani Sinulingga ◽  
Silsila Asri ◽  
Sofia Trisni
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
The West ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The World ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Post Disaster

This research concludes that the development success which used the Community Driven Development (CDD) approach such as PNPM Mandiri (National Program for Community Empowerment) is influenced by local wisdom in each region. The CDD approach focuses on the active participation of society’s various elements which aims to empower and increase the independence of the community in achieving welfare. The West Sumatran local wisdom is the traditional Minangkabau philosophy of ‘adat basandi syarak, syarak basandi kitabullah ', highlighting the valued relation between traditions, religion, and the holy book of the Quran. The strong integration of the Minangkabau community’s social order with this philosophy creates its own participation characteristics which become the basis for the CDD approach development implementation. By using qualitative research methods, with in-depth interview techniques and purposive sampling, this study discovered dualism that contradicted the synergy of customary principles and the CDD approach: the World Bank's development approach normatively aligned with the Minangkabau traditional philosophy values, however, this conformity is counterproductive to the achievement of post-disaster community empowerment goals.

DESASTRES NATURAIS NO BRASIL E NO MUNDO: UMA ANÁLISE HOLÍSTICA COM ÊNFASE NOS IMPACTOS DOS EVENTOS HIDROLÓGICOS E METEOROLÓGICOS/NATURAL DISASTERS IN BRAZIL AND OVER THE WORLD: AN ANALYSIS EMPHASIZING HYDROLOGICAL AND METEOROLOGICAL EVENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 73718-73740
Author(s):  
Andreilcy Alvino-Borba ◽  
Paula Marianela Guerra ◽  
Lídia Aparecida Gomes Moreira ◽  
Helenice Maria Sacht ◽  
José António Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Development of a Shipment Policy for Collection Centers

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1385
Author(s):  
Irais Mora-Ochomogo ◽  
Marco Serrato ◽  
Jaime Mora-Vargas ◽  
Raha Akhavan-Tabatabaei
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Markov Decision Process ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Markov Decision ◽  
Unsatisfied Demand

Natural disasters represent a latent threat for every country in the world. Due to climate change and other factors, statistics show that they continue to be on the rise. This situation presents a challenge for the communities and the humanitarian organizations to be better prepared and react faster to natural disasters. In some countries, in-kind donations represent a high percentage of the supply for the operations, which presents additional challenges. This research proposes a Markov Decision Process (MDP) model to resemble operations in collection centers, where in-kind donations are received, sorted, packed, and sent to the affected areas. The decision addressed is when to send a shipment considering the uncertainty of the donations’ supply and the demand, as well as the logistics costs and the penalty of unsatisfied demand. As a result of the MDP a Monotone Optimal Non-Decreasing Policy (MONDP) is proposed, which provides valuable insights for decision-makers within this field. Moreover, the necessary conditions to prove the existence of such MONDP are presented.

scholarly journals Strategic retreat for resilient and equitable climate adaptation: the roles for conservation organizations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mali‘o Kodis ◽  
Marci Bortman ◽  
Sarah Newkirk
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Policy Paper ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Government ◽  
Conservation Organizations

AbstractAs climate change accelerates the frequency and intensity of natural disasters, damage to public and private property is also increasing, putting exorbitant strain on governments and communities. Societies across the world are working to adapt to climate change, but climate adaptation is currently inadequate to meet the needs of the people left increasingly vulnerable and the places that risk being irreversibly changed or destroyed. One tactic of climate adaptation is strategic retreat, sometimes referred to as managed retreat. Strategic retreat is the process by which the government or another entity purchases (buys out) developed properties that are at risk of destruction or have been destroyed by natural disasters. The structure is most often demolished, and the land is placed under a permanent easement to prevent future development. What happens next is dependent on the entities involved in the buyouts, and can range from derelict, vacant lots to full restoration of ecosystems and their abilities to mitigate flood damage. Sometimes recreational amenities, such as trails or park infrastructure, are prioritized and funded as well. Conservation organizations can leverage their expertise in conservation planning, land acquisition and restoration, policy advocacy, and partnership development to improve the implementation of strategic retreat so that nature and people can thrive in the long term. In this policy paper, we review ways that conservation organizations have and can continue to engage in buyout processes to ensure positive outcomes for communities and nature. Conservation organizations must also evolve their approaches to climate adaptation to integrate equity and redress historical injustices in land use, and contribute towards improving strategic retreat for a more just and resilient future across disaster-prone communities. This work focuses on the context of disasters and climate adaptation in the USA, though many of the principles presented are applicable around the world.

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