scholarly journals LOCAL WISDOM AND NATURAL DISASTER IN WEST SUMATRA

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Syafwan Rozi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
A Value ◽  
Social Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Depth Interviews

<p>Community-based disaster management is an attempt to optimize the potential of social and local values in communities to facilitate the handling of natural disasters. West Sumatra as one of the disaster-prone areas in Indonesia has a number of local wisdom values—a value combining religion and local culture—rooted in traditional philosophy; “Adat Basandi Syara’, Syara’ Basandi Kitabullah”. The examples of those local wisdoms are customary ideas or proverbs in the form of legend and expressions, architectural design of the traditional house—“Rumah Gadang”—and the structure of the environment as well as the social systems of kinship and traditional administration in the form of Nagari. This research employed qualitative method by using ethnography approach. The data were collected through observations, participation in social events, and in-depth interviews. Those techniques were applied to obtain the valid information and the meaning of events and behaviors comprehensively. The local values applied by the indigenous communities as the victims of natural disasters in some regions of West Sumatra include “Badoncek” tradition in Nagari Tandikat Padang Pariaman, the architecture of “Rumah Gadang” in Nagari Sungayang, Tanah Datar and disaster mitigation based on district in Nagari Kubang Putiah Agam.</p><p><br />Managemen bencana berbasis masyarakat merupakan upaya untuk mengoptimalkan potensi sosial dan nilai-nilai lokal yang dimiliki masyarakat untuk memudahkan proses penanganan bencana alam. Sumatera Barat sebagai salah satu daerah rawan bencana di Indonesia, memiliki sejumlah nilai kearifan lokal, sebuah nilai yang memadukan antara agama dan budaya lokal yang termaktub dalam filosofi adat; Adat Basandi Syara’, Syara’ Basandi Kitabullah. Di antara kearifan lokal itu adalah ide atau pepatah adat dalam bentuk tambo dan ungkapan-ungkapan, tata ruang rumah adat dari segi arsitektur rumah gadang dan penataan lingkungannya serta sistem sosial kekerabatan dan pemerintahan adat dalam bentuk nagari. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, keterlibatan dalam kegiatan masyarakat dan wawancara mendalam. Teknik-teknik ini dilakukan untuk mendapat informasi yang valid dan mendalam serta menghayati makna atau arti peristiwa dan tingkah laku secara komprehensif. Adapun nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang diterapkan komunitas adat di Sumatera Barat meliputi tradisi badoncek di Nagari Tandikat Padang Pariaman, arsitektur dan tata kelola rumah gadang di Nagari Sungayang Tanah Datar serta mitigasi bencana berbasis nagari di Nagari Kubang Putiah Kabupaten Agam.</p>

Special Issue on Disaster and Big Data

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunichi Koshimura ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Editorial Committee ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Working Together

In the years that have passed since the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake, many new findings, insights and suggestions have been made in disaster observation, sensing, simulation, and damage determination on the damage scene. Based on the lessons, challenges for disaster mitigation against future catastrophic natural disasters such as the anticipated Tokyo metropolitan and Nankai Trough earthquakes are made on how we will share visions of potential impact and how we will maximize society's disaster resilience. Much of the ``disaster big data" obtained is related to the dynamic flow of large populations, vehicles and goods inside and outside affected areas. This has dramatically facilitated our understanding of how society has responded to unprecedented catastrophes. The key question is how we will use big data in establishing social systems that respond promptly, sensibly and effectively to natural disasters how this understanding will affect adversity and resilience. Researchers from a wide variety of fields are now working together under the collaborative JST CREST project entitled ``Establishing the most advanced disaster reduction management system by fusion of real-time disaster simulation and big data assimilation." One objective of this project is to identify potential disaster scenarios related to earthquake and tsunami progress in a chained or compound manner and to create new techniques for responsive disaster mitigation measures enabling society to recover. This special issue on disaster and big data consists of 11 papers detailing the recent progress of this project. As an editor of this issue, I would like to express our deep gratitude for the insightful comments and suggestions made by the reviewers and the members of the editorial committee.

Special Issue on Adaptation to Global-Warming-Triggered Disasters

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syunsuke Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Special Issue

The Committee on Disaster Mitigation under Global Changes of Natural and Social Environments, Science Council of Japan (SCJ), issued on May 30, 2007 a report, “Policies for Creation of a Safe and Secure Society against Increasing Natural Disasters around the World”. The report, which includes an outline of Japan’s past responses to natural disasters of a global scale, provides a comprehensive discussion of a desirable direction for the development of infrastructure and social systems to meet the forthcoming changes in nature and society. Based on the report, the committee reported to the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, in response to the minister’s former inquiry. Another report was issued on countermeasures by adaptation to water-related disasters, following the former report and the result of discussions made in the subcommittee on June 26, 2008. This special issue of JDR is based on the latter report of Science Council of Japan. In Japan, over the past 30 years, the number of days of heavy rain with a daily rainfall of 200 mm or more have increased to about 1.5 times that of the first 30 years of the 20th century. It has been pointed out that this is likely to have been caused by global warming. The Fourth report of the IPCC indicates that even low-end predictions implies an unavoidable temperature rise of about 2°C, and, even if the concentration of greenhouse gases is stabilized, the ongoing warming and sea level rise will continue for several centuries. In terms of social systems, population and assets are increasingly concentrated in metropolitan areas. At the same time, economic recession and aging of the population are accelerating especially in rural areas. The central parts of small- and medium-size cities have lost vitality, and so-called marginal settlements are increasing in farming, forestry and fishing villages. These factors make it difficult and complicated to maintain social functions to fight with natural disasters. Under these circumstances, it is quite important in our country to take an action for adaptation to climate changes, where land is vulnerable to water-related disasters. The need for adaptation has widely been recognized in Europe, and various reports have been issued there. In Japan, initiatives to reduce greenhouse gases emission are being actively discussed, but both the central government and the people still do not fully recognize the importance of adaptation to water-related disasters. Elsewhere, increases in extreme weather and climate events have caused flood disasters, such as those that have been occurring with larger frequency in the downstream deltas of Asian rivers. The latter type of disaster is exemplified by the unprecedented huge flood disaster that occurred in Myanmar in May in the last year. The increase of population in Asia will induce shortage of water resources in near future. Japan, which is in the Asian Monsoon Region, has a natural and social geography similar to these countries. Japan should implement strong assistance programs based on accumulated knowledge and advanced technologies developed. To treat the adaptations mentioned in the above, there are many components to be considered such as follows: (1) Reliable assessment of future climate, economic and social situation such as population. (2) Developing physical and social infrastructures. (3) Building disaster awareness and preparation in communities. (4) Planning for recovery and restoration. (5) Research and development for adaptation. (6) International contributions for preventing water-related disasters. In this special issue of JDR, these subjects are treated in series by introducing 5 papers written by leading researchers and engineer worked in the central government. However, the details of international contributions could not be included in this issue.

Special Issue on Disaster and Big Data Part 2

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-225
Author(s):  
Shunichi Koshimura ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Editorial Committee ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Working Together

6 years have passed since the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake. Many new findings, insights and suggestions have been made and were implemented in disaster observation, sensing, simulation, and damage determination. The challenges for disaster mitigation against future catastrophic natural disasters, such as the Tokyo metropolitan earthquake and Nankai Trough earthquake, are how we share the visions of the possible impacts and prepare for mitigating the losses and damages, and how we enhance society’s disaster resilience. A huge amount of information called “disaster big data” obtained, which are related to the dynamic flow of a large number of people, vehicles and goods inside and outside the affected areas. This has dramatically facilitated our understanding of how our society has responded to the unprecedented catastrophes. The key question is how we use big data in establishing the social systems that respond promptly, sensibly and effectively to natural disasters, and in withstanding the adversities with resilience. Researchers with various expertise are working together under the collaborative project called JST CREST “Establishing the most advanced disaster reduction management system by fusion of real-time disaster simulation and big data assimilation.” The project aims to identify possible disaster scenarios caused by earthquake and tsunami that occur and progress in a chained or compound manner and to create new technologies to lead responses and disaster mitigation measures that encourages the society to get over the disaster. This special issue titled “Disaster and Big Data Part 2,” including 13 papers, aims to share the recent progress of the project as the sequel of Part 1 published in March 2016. As an editor of this issue, I would like to express our deep gratitude for the insightful comments and suggestions made by the reviewers and the members of the editorial committee.

scholarly journals River Care Community and Padang Disaster Education Park for Disaster Mitigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Rika Rubianti ◽  
Azmi Fitrisia
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Care Community ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Disaster Education ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

This research is motivated to find out the survival of the Society survival in areas prone to landslides In The Village Of North TandikekPatamuan Sub-District, Padang Pariaman District. Research location in the village of North Tandikek. This research uses qualitative approaches with case study research types, data collection techniques by observation, interviews and documentation.The selection of informant is done by Purposive Sampling. The Analysis of this research uses functional structural theory by Talcott Parsoons AGIL. The results of the research are that (1). The reasons for society to stay in the research site are: a). Environmental Factors, b) Economic Factors, c) Social Cultural Factors, d) Education Factors. (2). Society strategies for survival in landslide prone areas that is: a). Looking for a safe haven b). Greening empty land c). Mutual Cooperatin West Sumatra is one area with a high level of disaster vulnerability. West Sumatra BPBD said that West Sumatra was very vulnerable to natural disasters, and for most of the year natural disasters struck. The efforts made by the government in disaster management efforts in West Sumatra, especially in the city of Padang, were to establish a Disaster Education Park on the Purus Coast of Padang City. The Disaster Education Park aims to provide an understanding of disasters to the community, so that the community can prepare themselves for disasters. The purpose of this research is to describe the role of Purus Padang River Care Community and Disaster Education Park for disaster mitigation in Padang City. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The results of this study concluded that there are several roles of the River Concern Community and Disaster Education Park in disaster mitigation efforts in the city of Padang, including: (1) Providing reading books as a source of knowledge about disaster, (2) Establish a River School, (3) Making KPS management a playground, (4) Providing Disaster Material / Training to the Community, (5) Monitor River Development, (6) Maintain the cleanliness of rivers, lakes and beaches.

scholarly journals Eksistensi Kesenian Ronggeng di Nagari Simpang Kecamatan Simpang Alahan Mati Kabupaten Pasaman

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-41
Author(s):  
Erika Andela Br Sitepu
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Traditional Art ◽  
The Social ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Wedding Ceremony ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstrak: Ronggeng is usually known as a traditional art that only develops in Java, in fact this art is also found in the Simpang community, Simpang Alahan Mati District of West Pasaman Regency in West Sumatra. Here, Ronggeng is performed at a wedding ceremony combined with Minangkabau customs, even the residents claim this art is an art that is in demand by the Nagari Simpang community. In this regard, researcher is interested in studying what causes the Ronggeng exists in Nagari Simpang, which is much influenced by Minangkabau culture. The purpose of this research is to describe the social practice of Ronggeng art in the Simpang community, the enabling structure for the existence of Ronggeng art and to see the role of the agency in this art performance. For that, structuration theory and qualitative research using observation and in-depth interviews were used. The results of this study indicate that Ronggeng is performed in Minangkabau traditional ceremonies, such as parties, circumcision of the apostle and batagak rumah (establishing a new house), including in events commemorating 17 August. This art is accepted in the local community because it is understood by local and their leaders as being in accordance with Minangkabau traditional values.

scholarly journals MAKNA KEJAHATAN STRUKTURAL KORUPSI DALAM PERSPEKTIF TEORI STRUKTURASI ANTHONY GIDDENS

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Imadah Thoyibbah
Keyword(s):  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Social Agents ◽  
Social Law ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Anthony Giddens ◽  
Knowledge Agents ◽  
Micro Structures

Corruption is the reality of crime that can not be separated from the structure and human agency. The perspective of structuration theory emphasizes the duality relation between agents and structures. The structure includes the rules and resources and the social systems are mobilized in space-time by the social agents. Corruption as a structural crime involving micro structures and macro structures. First, corruption is a crime that occurs due to banality (omission/habituation) whose motive is greed, dishonesty, arrogance, pettiness, shallowness of thought and the subjective satisfaction. Motifs are encased in a system of production and reproduction of social activity that is dialectic. Secondly, corruption is sustained by the conditions of a globalized modernity as a result of events like the separation of time and spice, the development of disembedding mechanism of localized context, and the reflexive appropriation of knowledge. Agents are those that have a value of intervention (effect) against a corrupt act. Various efforts to justify acts of corruption is a form of rationalization of actions by human agents as creative and reflexive beings. Their motive is to avoid moral responsibility and social law. Social change can be done by 'deroutinization' of structure or distancing by reflexive monitoring of structure while constraining and enabling the seeds of corruption that involves the structure of signification, domination, and legitimation in the constitutions of society.

scholarly journals Disaster Mitigation Based on Local Wisdom in Shifting Cultivators Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 237-243
Author(s):  
Jamaluddin Hos ◽  
Suharty Roslan ◽  
Ratna Supiyah
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Shifting Cultivators ◽  
Traditional Natural ◽  
The Right ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Field Location

The Tolaki tribe, which is a native who inhabits the mainland areas of Southeast Sulawesi Province, some still manage their lives through traditional natural resource management. Strong traditions, including preserving the environment and forests in the Tolaki ethnic group, are always maintained. This study was directed to find out and examine the local wisdom of the Tolaki people in moving farming activities (monda'u) related to disaster mitigation, especially natural disasters of floods, landslides, and fires. The research approach used is qualitative, where the primary data collection techniques are observation and in-depth interviews. The results showed much local wisdom in an institution that has been maintained to oversee forest support and sustainability. This indicates that in monda'u activities, Tolaki people have long provided education avoiding natural disasters for generations. Norms regarding the location of the field location, the right time to farm, the rules and ordinances of the opening, burning, and clearing of land in the monda'u tradition are loaded with mitigation against floods' natural disasters, landslides, and fires. This local wisdom can be integrated into modern agricultural systems to minimize natural disasters.

scholarly journals Mitigasi Bencana Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Pada Masyarakat Peladang Berpindah di Kecamatan Asera Kabupaten Konawe Utara

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jamaluddin Hos ◽  
Sarpin ◽  
Suharty Roslan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Institutional Management ◽  
Traditional Natural ◽  
The Right ◽  
Depth Interviews

AbstractThe Tolaki tribe, which is a native who inhabits the mainland areas of Southeast Sulawesi Province, some still manage their lives through traditional natural resource management. Until now, strong traditions and traditions for preserving the environment and forests in the Tolaki ethnic group are still maintained. This custom and tradition is always inherited from generation to generation. Shifting cultivation or monda'u (Tolaki language) is the main livelihood of the Tolaki tribe. Shifting cultivation activities have astrong dependence on natural environmental conditions. The concept of monda'u for the Tolaki community is one form of institutional management of fields and forests that points to the entire process of processing land fields from land clearing to storing crops. This study was directed to find out and study the local wisdom of the Tolaki people in shifting cultivation activities (monda'u) related to disaster mitigation, especially floods, landslides and fires. The research approach used is a qualitative approach with the main data collection techniques are observation and in-depth interviews. The results of the study showed that in the monda'u institution, there was a lot of local wisdom that had been maintained for generations so that it still paid attention to the carrying capacity and sustainability of the forest. This shows that in the activities of monda'u, the Tolaki tribe has long provided education to avoid natural disasters from generation to generation. Norms related to determining the location of fields, the right time for farming, rules and procedures for opening, burning, and clearing land in the monda'u tradition are full of mitigation of natural disasters floods, landslides and fires.   AbstrakMasyarakat suku Tolaki yang merupakan penduduk asli yang mendiami wilayah-wilayah daratan Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara, sebagian masih mengelola kehidupannya melalui pengelolaan sumber daya alam yang dilakukan secara tradisional. Hingga kini masih terpelihara kuat adat dan tradisi pemeliharaan kelestarian lingkungan dan hutan di kalangan suku bangsa Tolaki. Adat dan tradisi ini senantiasa diwariskan secara turun temurun. Perladangan berpindah atau monda’u (bahasa Tolaki) merupakan mata pencaharian hidup utama masyarakat suku Tolaki. Aktivitas perladangan berpindah memiliki ketergantungan yang kuat terhadap kondisi lingkungan alam. Konsep monda’u bagi masyarakat Tolaki merupakan salah satu wujud kelembagaan pengelolaan ladang dan hutan yang menunjuk pada keseluruhan proses aktivitas pengolahan tanah ladang mulai dari pembukaan lahan hingga penyimpanan hasil panen. Kajian ini diarahkan untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji kearifan-kearifan lokal masyarakat Suku Tolaki dalam aktivitas perladangan berpindah (monda’u) berkaitan dengan mitigasi kebencanaan, terutama bencana alam banjir, tanah longsor dan kebakaran. Penedekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data utama adalah observasi dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pranata monda’u, terdapat banyak kearifan lokal yang secara turun temurun dipertahankan sehingga tetap memperhatikan daya dukung dan kelestarian hutan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pada aktivitas monda’u, masyarakat suku Tolaki sudah sejak lama memberikan pendidikan menghindari bencana alam secara turun-temurun. Norma-norma yang terkait dengan penentuan letak lokasi ladang, waktu yang tepat untuk berladang, kaidah dan tata cara membuka, membakar, dan membersihkan lahan dalam tradisi monda’u sarat dengan mitigasi terhadap bencana alam banjir, longsor dan kebakaran

scholarly journals Disaster mitigation local wisdom in the tradition of the minangkabau community

2021 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 04013
Author(s):  
Khairil Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
Hereditary System ◽  
The World ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Food Reserves ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Qualitative Discussion

This study is about Minangkabau’s local wisdom in disaster mitigation. Minangkabau is an ethnic and cultural group that is still alive and developing today. This ethnic group is centered in West Sumatra in the highlands of the Bukit Barisan which stretches along the island of Sumatra and develops through migrating to various regions in the world. This ethnicity is the oldest tribe on earth which is characterized by the use of the hereditary system according to the maternal or matrilineal line. His leadership made the Minangkabau ethnic have various kinds of local wisdom, especially those directly related to disaster mitigation. The Minangkabau cultural center is located in an area that has a high intensity of natural disasters by its natural topography. In responding to their natural environment, the Minangkabau community has local wisdom in the form of a superstructure that regulates infrastructure and social structure in disaster mitigation. This local wisdom is found in various literacy and traditions of the Minangkabau community. This qualitative discussion uses the perspective of cultural materialism theory. It was found that the local wisdom of disaster mitigation includes human norms and attitudes towards nature; norms before a disaster occurs; and post-disaster policies. To anticipate disasters, there are rules regarding the processing and utilization of nature, such as the use of land, hills, deserts, and swamps. In the event of a disaster, there are rules such as building rangkiang and filling it with food reserves, doing the ijok tradition, and batangeh.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Social Lead-Up to a Human-Induced Disaster: The Gas Extraction-Earthquake Nexus in Groningen, The Netherlands

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Bakema ◽  
Constanza Parra ◽  
Philip McCann
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Gas Extraction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Governance Processes ◽  
Depth Interviews

The overwhelming impact that disasters have on societies is fed by socio-economic vulnerabilities and political-institutional factors. Disasters are, therefore, increasingly regarded as partially created by humans instead of as purely natural events. Although the “social creation” of disasters is assumed to occur “above the ground” and triggered by extreme natural events, this article explores several dimensions to the social creation of disasters, including technological and institutional dimensions from both “above” and “below the ground”. It furthers the understanding of disaster governance by investigating processes that generate the social lead-up to a human-induced disaster, and that are installed to deal with its consequences. Focusing on the case of Groningen, the Netherlands, where gas extraction leads to earthquakes, the article looks in particular at the interrelationships between different state and non-state actors in the governance dynamics that structure the processes to deal with the earthquake issues. Based on in-depth interviews with a variety of stakeholders, we found that public-private institutional structures, the nature of the disaster and societal (dis)trust are entangled and influence disaster governance processes mediating resilience and sustainability. The article concludes by arguing that both the causes of (human-induced) disasters and the approaches to disaster mitigation lie in these political-institutional and governance fundaments.

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