scholarly journals Modeling of GMR loops asymmetry in spin valves

2018 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 01011
Author(s):  
Alexander Kurenkov ◽  
Georgy Babaizev ◽  
Nikolay Chechenin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Spin Valve ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Spin Valves ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Regular Shape ◽  
Ferromagnetic Layers ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

The regular shape of the magnetoresistance as a function of applied magnetic field, R(H), is important for numerous spin valves applications. Nevertheless, in many practical studies the shape of the R(H) curve is unpredictably complicated. A simple technique, proposed in this paper, allows interpreting the R(H) features and calculating R(H) curves from known hysteresis loops of ferromagnetic layers, composing spin valves. And vice versa, the shape of the hysteresis loops of the composing ferromagnetic layers can be obtained from R(H) curves.The method does not give an insight into the physical factors determining the shape of hysteresis loops, but it is suitable for prompt selection of promising spin valve stacks. A series of spin valve structures was prepared and their magnetoresistance curves were measured. The analysis of the experimental data demonstrates the capacity of the proposed method.

Giant Magnetoresistance Induced by Ultrathin Magnetic Layers

1997 ◽  
Vol 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. Strijkers ◽  
H.J.M. Swagten ◽  
A.H.M. Mettler ◽  
M.M.H. Willekens ◽  
W.J.M. De Jonge
Keyword(s):  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Spin Valve ◽  
Short Length ◽  
Spin Valves ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
Magnetic Layers ◽  
Ferromagnetic Layers ◽  
Experimental Tool ◽  
Spin Dependent Scattering

ABSTRACTWe introduce an interface selective structure, composed of a spin-valve on top of which a thick nonmagnetic back layer is deposited as a straightforward experimental tool to measure the GMR induced by ultrathin magnetic layers. The interface selectivity of spin-dependent scattering is evidenced by calculations and illustrated in both Co/Cu/Co and Ni80Fe20/Cu/Ni80Fe20 spin-valves by an almost discontinuous behavior in the GMR ratio. The temperture dependence of the extremely short length scale associated with this discontinuity is discussed in relation to the structure of ultrathin ferromagnetic layers.

DEPENDENCE OF GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE ON THE THICKNESS OF MAGNETIC AND NON-MAGNETIC LAYERS IN DUAL SPIN VALVES

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (09) ◽  
pp. 355-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
YONG WANG ◽  
MING XU ◽  
ZHENHONG MAI
Keyword(s):  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Classical Model ◽  
Spin Valve ◽  
Magnetic Layer ◽  
Spin Valves ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Magnetic Layers ◽  
Ferromagnetic Layers ◽  
Hole Effect ◽  
Good Agreement

Based on the previous semi-classical model, we have performed calculation of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) as a function of the thickness of the top/bottom or center ferromagnetic layers and the non-magnetic layer in dual spin valves. Our results are in good agreement with that reported in experiment, i.e., a GMR maximum is observed when the thickness of the top/bottom magnetic layer is at 20 ~ 40 Å; the GMR value decreases monotonically with the increase of the non-magnetic layer thickness. By considering the "pin-hole" effect, the variation of GMR versus the thickness of the center magnetic layer is also found to be consistent with the experimental result. These calculations will be helpful in the design of high-quality spin-valve structures.

scholarly journals Insight into dynamic magnetic properties of YMnO3/FM bilayer in a time-dependent magnetic field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-lu Chang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Dan Lv ◽  
Zhen-yu Liu ◽  
Ming Tian
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Blocking Temperature ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Present System ◽  
Mixed Spin ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Based on the Monte Carlo simulation, a mixed-spin (5/2, 2, 3/2) Ising model is constructed to investigate the dynamic magnetic properties of antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic YMnO 3 /FM bilayer under the existence of a time-dependent magnetic field. The effects of exchange interaction, oscillating magnetic field as well as temperature are involved in this work. Masses of numerical results of the dynamic order parameter, susceptibility, internal energy, and blocking temperature are obtained with diverse physical parameters. Moreover, the phase diagrams and the hysteresis loops of the system are discussed in detail as well for a better understanding of the dynamic properties of the present system.

INTERLAYER COUPLING AND MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY AS KEY FACTORS FOR CREATION OF HYSTERESIS-LESS SPIN VALVES

SPIN ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 1440001 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. USTINOV ◽  
M. A. MILYAEV ◽  
L. I. NAUMOVA
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Anisotropy ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Easy Axis ◽  
Spin Valve ◽  
Interlayer Coupling ◽  
Spin Valves ◽  
Free Layer ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Low Field

The dependence of the free layer coercivity on the applied magnetic field (MF) deviation from the main anisotropy directions (free layer easy axis (EA) and pinning direction (PD)) and on 〈111〉 texture strength have been studied on [ Ta , ( Ni 80 Fe 20)60 Cr 40]/ Ni 80 Fe 20/ Co 90 Fe 10/ Cu / Co 90 Fe 10/ Mn 75 Ir 25/ Ta spin valves. The effect of interlayer coupling, magnetic anisotropy and texture on the spin valve coercivity is analyzed. Technological steps aimed at the low field coercivity reduction down to few tenths Oersted have been received.

Stress in Spin Valve Multilayers During Antiferromagnetic Phase Transformation

1999 ◽  
Vol 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Daniels ◽  
S. P. Bozeman ◽  
H HA
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Spin Valve ◽  
Spin Valves ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Antiferromagnetic Phase ◽  
Wafer Curvature ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Centered

AbstractThe stresses in sputter-deposited, NiMn- and PtMn-pinned top spin valve multilayers were measured using a laser-based wafer curvature technique. As-deposited stresses were 150 to 180 MPa in compression for NiMn- and 970 to 1020 MPa in compression for PtMn-pinned spin valves. Following deposition and stress measurement, these films were annealed in an applied magnetic field of 250 Oe for 2 hours at 300°C. This anneal causes the antiferromagnetic layer to undergo a phase transformation from the face-centered cubic (fcc) to the face-centered tetragonal (fct) crystal structure. This phase transformation increases the average stresses in the spin valves to 740–800 MPa in tension for the NiMn-pinned spin valves and to 475–580 MPa for the PtMnpinned spin valves. Stress changes during the antiferromagnetic phase transformation were also observed as a function of annealing temperature and time during substrate heating, annealing, and cooling. The stress varied nearly linearly with temperature during the heating and cooling of the substrate, indicating that the bulk of the phase transformation occurs during the isothermal portion of the anneal. By monitoring stress vs time during the isothermal anneal, the progression of the antiferromagnetic phase transformation was observed. Final stress data obtained from the wafers annealed in the wafer curvature system (no applied magnetic field) are within 10% of those obtained using the magnetic annealing process.

Electro-Assisted Magnetization Switching in Asymmetric Spin-Valves

2012 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
V. Sohatsky
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Spin Valve ◽  
Electric Properties ◽  
Spin Valves ◽  
Magnetization Switching ◽  
Current Dependence ◽  
Magnetic And Electric Properties ◽  
Spin Transistor

The magnetic and electric properties of Fe/Cu/Fe sandwiches deposited on Si were studied in order to improve the efficiency of such a model of spin transistor with a spin-valve. Evaluations of the energy balance and measurements of current dependence on voltage and applied magnetic field confirmed the possibility of amplification increasing in case of additional effect of current on remagnetization.

An Insight into Oligopeptide Transporter 3 (OPT3) family proteins

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fırat Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Oligopeptide Transporter ◽  
Binding Residues ◽  
Fe Homeostasis ◽  
Proteins Interactions ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

: Oligopeptide transporter 3 (OPT3) proteins are one of the subsets of OPT clade, yet little is known about these transporters. Therefore, homolog OPT3 proteins in several plant species were investigated and characterized using bioinformatical tools. Motif and co-expression analyses showed that OPT3 proteins may be involved in both biotic and abiotic stress responses as well as growth and developmental processes. AtOPT3 usually seemed to take part in Fe homeostasis whereas ZmOPT3 putatively interacted with proteins involved in various biological processes from plant defense system to stress responses. Glutathione (GSH), as a putative alternative chelating agent, was used in the AtOPT3 and ZmOPT3 docking analyses to identify their putative binding residues. The information given in this study will contribute to the understanding of OPT3 proteins’ interactions in various pathways and to the selection of potential ligands for OPT3s.

Motivation Configuration of Bluxury Tourism Behavior: An FsQCA Application

2021 ◽  
pp. 193896552110144
Author(s):  
Da Shi ◽  
Bowen Yi ◽  
Fangfang Shi ◽  
Simone Satta
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Complexity Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Complex Configuration ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Motivation Theory ◽  
Main Motivation ◽  
Push And Pull ◽  
Insight Into

This study investigates the motivation configuration of bluxury tourism behavior. According to complexity theory and push and pull motivation theory, we establish a framework of complex configuration conditions, including push forces, pull forces, and constraints that lead to bluxury tourism. Based on fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, we identified seven main motivation configurations of bluxury tourism behavior covering three core factors: physical factors, seeking/exploration in push forces, and intangible factors in pull forces. In addition, combinations of constraints in the configuration demonstrate various paths leading to bluxury tourism behavior. These findings provide unique insight into bluxury tourism participation.

Exact analysis of the bending of wide beams by a modified elastica approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 225 (11) ◽  
pp. 2759-2764 ◽  
Author(s):  
L F Campanile ◽  
R Jähne ◽  
A Hasse
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Finite Element Calculations ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Wide Beams ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Classical beam models do not account for partial restraint of anticlastic bending and are therefore inherently inaccurate. This article proposes a modification of the exact Bernoulli–Euler equation which allows for an exact prediction of the beam's deflection without the need of two-dimensional finite element calculations. This approach offers a substantial reduction in the computational effort, especially when coupled with a fast-solving schema like the circle-arc method. Besides the description of the new method and its validation, this article offers an insight into the somewhat disregarded topic of anticlastic bending by a short review of the published theories and a selection of representative numerical results.

scholarly journals Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to Study Effects of Magnetic Field Treatment on Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) Seedlings

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenlin Wei ◽  
Dejie Jiao ◽  
Junxiao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Structural Variation ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Insight Into

Magnetic field treatments have been utilized to promote germination and growth of a variety of species of plants; however the mechanism of concern has not been fully elucidated. In this research, wheat seedlings were treated with 500 mT and 1500 mT static magnetic field (SMF) for 10 and 20 min, respectively. Analyzing Fourier transform infrared spectra collected from leaves of seedlings showed that SMF treatments decreased the contents of lipids and proteins, shifted bands to higher wavenumbers in 3000–2800 cm−1regions, and increased the ratio of CH2/CH3which likely indicates a structural variation of lipids. For bands assigned to different second structures of proteins, slight bands shifting and changing the ratio of different second structures of proteins were observed due to SMF treatments. To summarize, the results revealed that lipids rather than proteins were sensitive to SMF treatments. The results provided insight into the SMF induced conformational changes of lipids and proteins in wheat leaves, which will help elucidate the biological mechanisms of SMF on plant growth and development.

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