scholarly journals Characteristics of air showers with energy more than 1017 eV reconstructed by the Yakutsk array radio emission measurements

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 08017
Author(s):  
Stanislav Knurenko ◽  
Igor Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Radio Emission ◽  
Energy Region ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
Yakutsk Array ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
High Energies ◽  
Shower Development ◽  
Region 10 ◽  
Maximum Development

The paper presents results on the longitudinal development of air showers of ultra-high energies obtained from radio emission measurements at the Yakutsk array. The energy, the depth of maximum development of individual showers are determined and a statistical analysis of Xmax in order to estimate the fluctuation of air shower development σ(Xmax) in the energy region 1017-1018 eV is performed. It is shown that σ(Xmax) in the energy region 1017-1018 eV is equal to 50-60 g·cm-2, which doesn’t contradict with a mixed composition of cosmic rays - protons and helium nuclei. This is also indicated by data of the Xmax value dependence on energy.

SIMULATION OF RADIO SIGNALS FROM 1-10 TeV AIR SHOWERS USING EGSNRC

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Engel ◽  
N. N. Kalmykov ◽  
A. A. Konstantinov
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Radio Emission ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Frequency Spectrum ◽  
Radial Dependence ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Shower Development ◽  
Radio Signals ◽  
The Individual

Cherenkov and geosynchrotron radiation are considered as two fundamental mechanisms of the radio emission generated by extensive air showers (EAS). The code EGSnrc is used for Monte-Carlo simulations of the individual shower development. Calculations of the radial dependence and frequency spectrum of the emitted radiation are performed for the LOPES experiment frequency range.

scholarly journals First analysis of inclined air showers detected by Tunka-Rex

2019 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
T. Marshalkina ◽  
P.A. Bezyazeekov ◽  
N.M. Budnev ◽  
D. Chernykh ◽  
O. Fedorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Radio Emission ◽  
Zenith Angle ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Standard Analysis ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The Tunka Radio Extension (Tunka-Rex) is a digital antenna array for the detection of radio emission from cosmic-ray air showers in the frequency band of 30 to 80 MHz and for primary energies above 100 PeV. The standard analysis of Tunka-Rex includes events with zenith angle of up to 50?. This cut is determined by the efficiency of the external trigger. However, due to the air-shower footprint increasing with zenith angle and due to the more efficient generation of radio emission (the magnetic field in the Tunka valley is almost vertical), there are a number of ultra-high-energy inclined events detected by Tunka-Rex. In this work we present a first analysis of a subset of inclined events detected by Tunka-Rex. We estimate the energies of the selected events and test the efficiency of Tunka-Rex antennas for detection of inclined air showers.

scholarly journals Estimating the mass of cosmic rays by combining radio and muon measurements

2019 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 02002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa M. Holt
Keyword(s):  
Radio Emission ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Mass Separation ◽  
New Method ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Particle Detectors ◽  
Particle Measurements ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Comparable Performance

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is a radio detector at the Pierre Auger Observatory and it is dedicated to measure the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. AERA is co-located with the underground muon detectors of the Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground Array (AMIGA). This provides a perfect setup to experimentally test the benefits of combining muons and radio emission for estimating the primary mass. We have investigated this combination using air-shower simulations. We compared the performance for mass separation of this new method to alternative methods in which the electrons and muons are measured with particle detectors at the surface. Forshowers with zenith angles below 50° the new method is of comparable performance, and for showers more inclinedthan 50° it is clearly superior. Therefore, measuring the radio signal in addition to the muons significantly improves the mass sensitivity compared to techniques using solely particle measurements.

scholarly journals MEASUREMENTS OF COSMIC RAYS WITH ICETOP/ICECUBE: STATUS AND RESULTS

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (39) ◽  
pp. 1230038 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALESSIO TAMBURRO
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Electromagnetic Signal ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Nuclear Composition ◽  
Shower Development ◽  
Transient Events

The IceCube Observatory at the South Pole is composed of a cubic kilometer scale neutrino telescope buried beneath the icecap and a square-kilometer surface water Cherenkov tank detector array known as IceTop. The combination of the surface array with the in-ice detector allows the dominantly electromagnetic signal of air showers at the surface and their high-energy muon signal in the ice to be measured in coincidence. This ratio is known to carry information about the nuclear composition of the primary cosmic rays. This paper reviews the recent results from cosmic-ray measurements performed with IceTop/IceCube: energy spectrum, mass composition, anisotropy, search for PeV γ sources, detection of high energy muons to probe the initial stages of the air shower development, and study of transient events using IceTop in scaler mode.

scholarly journals Extensive Air Showers and Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 439 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sivaprasad
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Geoelectric Field ◽  
Production Mechanism ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Extensive Air Shower ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Shower Development

An estimate is made of the electric field expected from the ionization electrons produced by an extensive air shower moving in the geoelectric field for frequencies from 10 kHz to 10 MHz. The calculations are for a geoelectric production mechanism, and they invoke quite reasonable assumptions regarding the shower development. The calculated fields are found to be comparable with those produced by the geomagnetic mechanism, and fall short of the high values observed in this frequency range. Higher fields cannot be obtained from the present shower mechanism under normal weather conditions, but would require exceptionally large values for the geoelectric field (1 MVm-1) or a model for electron diffusion that is radically different from that assumed here.

Computer simulations of cosmic-ray air showers III. Fluctuations in shower development

1974 ◽  
Vol 339 (1617) ◽  
pp. 171-195 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Particle ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Longitudinal Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Shower Development ◽  
Computational Procedures ◽  
Maximum Development

Detailed studies are made of the fluctuations of a wide range of parameters in computer-simulated extensive air showers in attempts to design experiments which will be sensitive to the mass number of primary cosmic rays of energy 10 17 -10 18 eV. The computational procedures depend heavily on the Monte Carlo technique and the model for the high-energy interactions of nucleons and pions is simple, involving pionization only. The magnitudes of the fluctuations of the electron size, muon sizes and depths of cascade maximum development are determined as a function of the energy and mass of the primary particle. The origin of the fluctuations is identified for showers initiated by primary protons of various energies from studies of the correlations between observable parameters of the showers and measures of the stage of longitudinal development of the electron cascade. The correlation between the different components of air showers and between these components and the longitudinal cascade development are evaluated for over 50 parameters in the showers. Measurable parameters depending little on the longitudinal development of a shower (and hence being good measures of the primary particle energy) and those depending strongly on the cascade development (being indications of the nature of the primary particle) are identified.

scholarly journals Updated Calibration of the LOFAR Low-Band Antennas

2019 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 04006 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Mulrey ◽  
A. Bonardi ◽  
S. Buitink ◽  
A. Corstanje ◽  
H. Falcke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Emission ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Absolute Frequency ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Absolute Energy ◽  
Galactic Radio

The LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) telescope measures radio emission from air showers. In order to interpret the data, an absolute, frequency dependent calibration is required. Due to a growing need for a better understanding of the measured frequency spectrum, we revisit the calibration of the LOFAR antennas in the range of 30—80 MHz. Using the galactic radio emission and a detailed model of the LOFAR signal chain, we find a calibration that provides an absolute energy scale and allows us to study frequency dependent features in measured air shower signals.

Detection of radio emission from extensive air showers with a system of single half-wave dipoles

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S241-S242 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Vernov ◽  
G. B. Khristiansen ◽  
A. T. Abrosimov ◽  
V. B. Atrashkevitch ◽  
V. D. Volovik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Emission ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
State University ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Array Data ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Radiated Power ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Moscow State University ◽  
Shower Array

Nine separate antennas for the detection of radio pulses from extensive air showers have been installed at the Moscow State University air shower array. Data are presented on the lateral distribution of the radiated power in individual showers.

scholarly journals MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS OF RADIO EMISSION FROM COSMIC RAY AIR SHOWERS

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
T. HUEGE ◽  
H. FALCKE
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Radio Emission ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Primary Particle ◽  
Radio Signal ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Shower Maximum

As a basis for the interpretation of data gathered by LOPES and other experiments, we have carried out Monte Carlo simulations of geosynchrotron radio emission from cosmic ray air showers. The simulations, having been verified carefully with analytical calculations, reveal a wealth of information on the characteristics of the radio signal and their dependence on specific air shower parameters. In this article, we review the spatial characteristics of the radio emission, its predicted frequency spectrum and its dependence on important air shower parameters such as the shower zenith angle, the primary particle energy and the depth of the shower maximum, which can in turn be related to the nature of the primary particle.

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