scholarly journals Back-n white neutron facility at CSNS and first-year nuclear data measurements

2020 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 06002
Author(s):  
Jingyu Tang
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Beam ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
Proton Channel ◽  
Beam Power ◽  
First Year ◽  
Spallation Target ◽  
Target Station ◽  
Incoming Proton ◽  
Flight Measurements

Back-streaming neutrons through the incoming proton channel at the spallation target station of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) were exploited to build a white neutron beam line (the so-called Back-n). With a proton beam of 100 kW in beam power and 1.6 GeV in kinetic energy and a thick tungsten target and modest moderation by the cooling water through the target slices, the neutron beam is very intense which is in the order of 7.0×106 n/cm2/s at 77 m from the target and has an excellent energy spectrum spanning from 0.5 eV to 200 MeV. In addition, the time resolution related to the time-of-flight measurements is very good for neutron energy determination. Altogether, it makes the CSNS Back-n one of the best white neutron sources in the world and very suitable for nuclear data measurements, especially for neutron-induced cross-section measurements. Since the completion of the Back-n beamline and four physics spectrometers in March 2018, the first batches of experiments on nuclear data measurements have been carried out, which are summarized in this article.

scholarly journals Solid Target System with In-Situ Target Dissolution

Instruments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Z. Gelbart ◽  
Richard R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Target Material ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Target System ◽  
Beam Power ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Target Station ◽  
Production Target ◽  
Design Construction

A significant number of medical radioisotopes use solid, often metallic, parent materials.These materials are deposited on a substrate to facilitate the cooling and handling of the targetduring placing, irradiation, and processing. The processing requires the transfer of the target to aprocessing area outside the irradiation area. In this new approach the target is processed at theirradiation site for liquid only transport of the irradiated target material to the processing area. Thedesign features common to higher energy production target systems are included in the targetstation. The target is inclined at 14 degrees to the beam direction. The system has been designed toaccept an incident beam of 15 to 16 mm diameter and a beam power between 2 and 5 kW. Thermalmodeling is presented for targets of metals and compounds. A cassette of five or 10 preparedtargets is housed at the target station as well as a target dissolution assembly. Only the dissolvedtarget material is transported to the chemistry laboratory so that the design does not requireadditional irradiation area penetrations. This work presents the design, construction, and modelingdetails of the assembly. A full performance characterization will be reported after the unit is movedto a cyclotron facility for beam related measurements.

CFD Analysis of the Active Part of the HYPER Spallation Target

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam-il Tak ◽  
Chungho Cho ◽  
Tae-Yung Song
Keyword(s):  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Active Part ◽  
Beam Power ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Spallation Target ◽  
Power Extraction ◽  
Commercial Code ◽  
Driven System ◽  
Challenging Tasks ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

KAERI (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) is developing an accelerator driven system (ADS) named HYPER (HYbrid Power Extraction Reactor) for a transmutation of long-lived nuclear wastes. One of the challenging tasks for the HYPER system is to design a large spallation target having a beam power of 15∼25 MW. The present paper focuses on the thermal-hydraulic performance of the active part of the HYPER target. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was performed using a commercial code CFX 5.7.1. Several advanced turbulence models with different grid structures were applied. The CFX results show the significant impact of the turbulence model on the window temperature. It is concluded that experimental verifications are very important for the design of the HYPER target.

scholarly journals Radionuclides in the cooling water systems for the NuMI beamline and the antiproton production target station at Fermilab

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 372-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Matsumura ◽  
Shun Sekimoto ◽  
Hiroshi Yashima ◽  
Akihiro Toyoda ◽  
Yoshimi Kasugai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Water ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Target Station ◽  
Antiproton Production ◽  
Production Target

scholarly journals EMuS Muon Facility and Its Application in the Study of Magnetism

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyu Tang ◽  
Xiaojie Ni ◽  
Xiaoyan Ma ◽  
Huiqian Luo ◽  
Yu Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Proton Beam ◽  
Beam Power ◽  
Spallation Neutron Source ◽  
High Momentum ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Target Station ◽  
Muon Facility ◽  
Core Part

A muon facility—EMuS (Experimental Muon Source)—at China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) has been studied since 2007. CSNS, which is designed to deliver a proton beam power of 100 kW at Phase-I, and will serve multidisciplinary research based on neutron scattering techniques, has just completed construction, and is ready to open to general users from September 2018. As an additional platform to CSNS, EMuS aims to provide different muon beams for multiple applications, among which, magnetism study by μSR techniques is a core part. By using innovative designs, such as a long target in conical shape situating in superconducting capture solenoids and forward collection method, EMuS can provide very intense muon beams with a proton beam of 5 kW and 1.6 GeV, from surface muons, decay muons, and high momentum muons to slow muons. In this article, the design aspects of EMuS, including general design, target station, muon beamlines, and μSR spectrometer, as well as prospects for applications on magnetism studies, will be reviewed.

scholarly journals Comparison between measurement and calculations for a 14 MeV neutron water activation experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 21002
Author(s):  
F. Andreoli ◽  
M. Angelone ◽  
A. Colangeli ◽  
U. Besi Vetrella ◽  
S. Fiore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
Monte Carlo Code ◽  
First Wall ◽  
Nuclear Heat ◽  
Nuclear Data Library ◽  
Water Activation ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Dependent Transport

The nuclear heat loads due to gamma rays emitted from the decay of 16N and delayed neutrons from17N, generated by the activation of water in cooling circuits, are critical for ITER design. The assessment of nuclear heating from activated water is complex; it requires temporal and spatial dependent transport and activation calculations taking into account variation of irradiation, water flow conditions and cooling circuits’ parameters. A water activation experiment has been recently conducted at the14 MeV Frascati Neutron Generator (FNG) in order to validate the methodology for water activation assessment used for ITER and to reduce the safety factors applied to the calculation results, which have a large impact on the schedule, commissioning and licensing. Water circulating inside an ITER First Wall (FW) mock-up was irradiated with 14 MeV neutrons and then measured using a large CsI scintillator detector. The system consists of a closed water loop where the cooling water, transiting through an ITER FW mock-up, is irradiated by FNG. The induced 16N activity via 14 MeV neutrons interactions with 16O via the 16O(n,p)16N reaction is measured in a dedicated counting station via an expansion volume. The water then passes to a much larger holding delay tank, and after several 16N half-lives decay time, it is then recirculated and exposed again to neutrons in the ITER First Wall (FW) mock-up. The measured 16N activity is obtained measuring the emitted characteristic 6.13 and 7.12 MeV gamma-rays. Calculations were performed in an accurate model of the FW mock-up using the MCNP Monte Carlo code and FENDL-3.1 nuclear data library to obtain the predicted flux impinging on the water. The EASY-2007 inventory code was used to predict the 16N activity. In this work, a comparison between measurements and calculations is reported together with associated uncertainty analysis.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF BEAM TRANSPORT AND TARGET STATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL LINAC "EPOS"

2020 ◽  
pp. 172-176
Author(s):  
R.N. Dronov ◽  
L.V. Reprintsev ◽  
V.I. Tatanov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Beam Profile ◽  
Beam Power ◽  
Beam Transport ◽  
Improve Working ◽  
Target Station ◽  
Wide Aperture ◽  
Reliability Of Operation

To increase the reliability of operation and simplify the precise tuning of the beam it is proposed to upgrade the output part of the accelerator "EPOS" NSC KIPT that operates in the range of electron energies 25…35 MeV and beam power up to 12 kW. An additional collimator, beam profile scanner and a wide aperture beam current monitor is offered to install. It is also proposed to upgrade the target station, which will improve the quality of irradiation and improve working conditions for personnel.

scholarly journals Development of high intensity neutron source at the European Spallation Source

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 209-219
Author(s):  
V. Santoro ◽  
K.H. Andersen ◽  
D.D. DiJulio ◽  
E.B. Klinkby ◽  
T.M. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Source ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Laws Of Nature ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
Spallation Target ◽  
Target Station ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Cold Neutrons ◽  
Spallation Source

The European Spallation Source being constructed in Lund, Sweden will provide the user community with a neutron source of unprecedented brightness. By 2025, a suite of 15 instruments will be served by a high-brightness moderator system placed above the spallation target. The ESS infrastructure, consisting of the proton linac, the target station, and the instrument halls, allows for implementation of a second source below the spallation target. We propose to develop a second neutron source with a high-intensity moderator able to (1) deliver a larger total cold neutron flux, (2) provide high intensities at longer wavelengths in the spectral regions of Cold (4–10 Å), Very Cold (10–40 Å), and Ultra Cold (several 100 Å) neutrons, as opposed to Thermal and Cold neutrons delivered by the top moderator. Offering both unprecedented brilliance, flux, and spectral range in a single facility, this upgrade will make ESS the most versatile neutron source in the world and will further strengthen the leadership of Europe in neutron science. The new source will boost several areas of condensed matter research such as imaging and spin-echo, and will provide outstanding opportunities in fundamental physics investigations of the laws of nature at a precision unattainable anywhere else. At the heart of the proposed system is a volumetric liquid deuterium moderator. Based on proven technology, its performance will be optimized in a detailed engineering study. This moderator will be complemented by secondary sources to provide intense beams of Very- and Ultra-Cold Neutrons.

scholarly journals Measurement of the neutron energy spectrum of Back-n #ES1 at CSNS

2020 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 17018
Author(s):  
Yonghao Chen ◽  
Guangyuan Luan ◽  
Jie Bao ◽  
Hantao Jing ◽  
Qi An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Neutron Energy ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
Beam Line ◽  
Beam Power ◽  
Neutron Energy Spectrum ◽  
Spallation Neutron Source ◽  
Data Measurement ◽  
Integral Neutron ◽  
Integral Neutron Flux

The China spallation neutron source (CSNS) was built and started running since 2018. It produces neutrons by impinging 1.6 GeV protons onto a tungsten target with 25 Hz repetition frequency. A beam line exploiting the back-streaming neutrons (Back-n) was built mainly for nuclear data measurement and started commissioning simultaneously with CSNS in 2018. There are two experimental endstations along the Back-n beam line: endstation 1 (#ES1) with a neutron flight path of about 55 m and endstation 2 (#ES2) with about 76 m. The neutron energy spectra of both #ES1 and #ES2 were measured since it is important for feasibility study and analysis. In this paper, the measurement of the neutron energy spectrum of Back-n #ES1 is reported. It is measured by a multi-layer fission chamber using the 235U samples as the neutron converters. The neutron energy spectrum from 0.1 eV to 30 MeV is obtained. The integral neutron flux (from 0.1 eV to 30 MeV) normalized to the proton beam power of 100 kW is 1.55×107 neutrons/cm2/s.

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