scholarly journals Energy harvesting from passing train as source of energy for autonomous trackside objects

2018 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 05003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenek Hadas ◽  
Jan Smilek ◽  
Ondrej Rubes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Passing Train

This paper deals with an energy harvesting review and analysis of an ambient mechanical energy on a trackside during a passing of a train. Trains provide very high level of vibration and deformation which could be converted into useful electricity. Due to maintenance and safety reasons a rail trackside includes sensing systems and number of sensor nodes is increased for modern transportation. Recent development of modern communication and ultra-low power electronics allows to use energy harvesting systems as autonomous source of electrical energy for these trackside objects. Main aim of this paper is model-based design of proposed vibration energy harvesting systems inside sleeper and predict harvested power during the train passing. Measurements of passing train is used as input for simulation models and harvested power is calculated. This simulation of proposed energy harvesting device is very useful for future design.

scholarly journals Electro-mechanical analysis of a multilayer piezoelectric cantilever energy harvester upon harmonic vibrations

2018 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 02053
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Machů ◽  
Zdeněk Majer ◽  
Oldřich Ševeček ◽  
Kateřina Štegnerová ◽  
Zdeněk Hadaš
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Individual Layer ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Beam Design ◽  
Harvesting Systems

This paper addresses an important issue of the individual layer thickness influence in a multilayer piezo composite on electro-mechanical energy conversion. The use of energy harvesting systems seems to be very promising for applications such as ultra-low power electronics, sensors and wireless communication. The energy converters are often disabled due to a failure of the piezo layer caused by an excessive deformation/stresses occurring upon the operation. It is thus desirable to increase both reliability and efficiency of the electromechanical conversion as compared to standard concepts. The proposed model of the piezoelectric vibration energy harvester is based on a multilayer beam design with active piezo and protective ceramic layers. This paper presents results of a comparative study of an analytical and numerical approach used for the electro-mechanical simulations of the multilayer energy harvesting systems. Development of the functional analytical model is crucial for the further optimization of new (smart material based) energy harvesting systems, since it provides much faster response than the numerical model.

Piezoelectric wind energy harvester for low-power sensors

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 2215-2228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayant Sirohi ◽  
Rohan Mahadik
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

There has been increasing interest in wireless sensor networks for a variety of outdoor applications including structural health monitoring and environmental monitoring. Replacement of batteries that power the nodes in these networks is maintenance intensive. A wind energy–harvesting device is proposed as an alternate power source for these wireless sensor nodes. The device is based on the galloping of a bar with triangular cross section attached to a cantilever beam. Piezoelectric sheets bonded to the beam convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy. A prototype device of size approximately 160 × 250 mm was fabricated and tested over a range of operating conditions in a wind tunnel, and the power dissipated across a load resistance was measured. A maximum power output of 53 mW was measured at a wind velocity of 11.6 mph. An analytical model incorporating the coupled electromechanical behavior of the piezoelectric sheets and quasi-steady aerodynamics was developed. The model showed good correlation with measurements, and it was concluded that a refined aerodynamic model may need to include apparent mass effects for more accurate predictions. The galloping piezoelectric energy-harvesting device has been shown to be a viable option for powering wireless sensor nodes in outdoor applications.

scholarly journals A review on vibration energy harvesting

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 01041
Author(s):  
Liu Na ◽  
Wan Yuhao ◽  
Han Huanqing ◽  
Liu Tongshuo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Capture ◽  
Future Direction

Vibration energy capture devices can convert the mechanical energy from ambient source into electrical energy. The captured electrical energy can provide energy for low-power devices such as microelectromechanical systems(MEMS) as a supplement to the power system. Vibration energy has been widely concerned by researchers because of the characteristics of easy access and green. The conversion of mechanical vibration energy into electrical energy can be achieved by electromagnetic, electrostatic, piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, dielectric elastomer and emerging friction nano-types. This paper have discussioned some parts of the vibration energy harvesting: collection principle, collection method and the energy storage circuit. At present, the research and design of mechanical vibration energy harvesting structures focus on three aspects: broadening the collection frequency band, collecting dimensions and improving efficiency. Finally, the future direction of energy harvesting research is predicted.

Comparing Linear and Essentially Nonlinear Vibration-Based Energy Harvesting

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Dane Quinn ◽  
Angela L. Triplett ◽  
Lawrence A. Bergman ◽  
Alexander F. Vakakis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Linear Elements ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices

Self-contained long-lasting energy sources are rapidly increasing in importance as portable electronics and inaccessible devices such as wireless sensors are finding wider and more varied applications. However, in many circumstances replacing power supplies, such as conventional batteries, becomes impractical and the development of a self-renewing source of energy is paramount to the continued development of such devices. The ability to convert ambient mechanical energy to usable electrical energy fills these requirements and one aspect of current research seeks to increase the efficiency and performance of these energy harvesting systems. However, to achieve acceptable performance conventional vibration-based energy harvesting devices based on linear elements must be specifically tuned to match environmental conditions such as the frequency and amplitude of the external vibration. As the environmental conditions vary under ambient conditions the performance of these linear devices is dramatically decreased. The strategy to efficiently harvest energy from low-level, intermittent ambient vibration, proposed herein, relies on the unique properties of a particular class of strongly nonlinear vibrating systems that are referred to as “essentially” nonlinear.

Design of Polymeric Materials for Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Woongbi CHO ◽  
Jeong Jae WIE
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Relationship

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are eco-friendly energy-harvesting systems that produce electrical energy from disordered mechanical energy. To enhance the triboelectric performances of TENGs, many researchers have conducted in-depth studies of the polymer materials utilized in TENGs, so numerous studies have been reported on the relationship between their material properties and their energy-harvesting capabilities. Triboelectric performance depends on the electrical properties of the materials used, such as their electron affinities and dielectric constants. Representative examples of positive and negative tribomaterials include PA6, PEO, PVDF, and fluorinated sulfur copolymers, respectively. This article introduces the relationship among the compositions, structures, triboelectric performances of the polymer materials, and composites used in TENGs and summarizes the representative polymer materials applied in the latest TENGs.

Modeling of polyurethane/lead zirconate titanate composites for vibration energy harvesting

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkader Rjafallah ◽  
Abdelowahed Hajjaji ◽  
Daniel Guyomar ◽  
Khalid Kandoussi ◽  
Fouad Belhora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Zirconate Titanate

Collecting the vibration energy existing in the surrounding environment and its transformation to a useful electrical energy in order to supply ultra-low power systems remains an emerging and promising technology. During the last decades, most of research efforts dealt with energy-harvesting technology using piezoelectric ceramics. However, those materials are stiff and limited in mechanical strain abilities. In addition, they lose their stiffness and piezoelectricity at high levels of mechanical strain. Thus, they are unsuitable for many applications in which low frequency and high strain level are required. However, electrostrictive polymers are lightweight, very flexible, have low manufacturing costs and are easy to mould into any desired shapes. These special properties led to them being considered as potential actuators. However, it is not well known that these materials also can be used for mechanical-to-electrical energy harvesting. In this research paper, electromechanical characterization of polymer/lead zirconate titanate composites was extended. The first part develops the analytical model predicting the energy harvested by polyurethane/PZT composites from electrical and mechanical properties of their constituent materials. Indeed, this model was based on the approach of representing the experimental setup with an equivalent electrical scheme. The second part focuses on the assessment of model performance by comparison between predicted and observed values. As a result, good agreements were observed between the two sets of data; in addition, the model could be used to optimize the choice of constituent materials. The last part concerns the contribution of both the electrostrictive effect and piezoelectric effect in electrical powers harvested by PU/PZT composites.

scholarly journals Impulsive energy conversion with magnetically coupled nonlinear energy harvesting systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 2374-2391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanqi Dai ◽  
Inhyuk Park ◽  
Ryan L Harne
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Coupling Effects ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Nonlinear Energy

Magnets have received broad attention for vibration energy harvesting due to noncontact, nonlinear forces that may be leveraged among harvesting system elements. Yet, opportunities to integrate multi-directional coupling among a nonlinear energy harvesting system subjected to impulsive excitations have not been scrutinized, despite widespread prevalence of such excitations. To characterize these potentials, this research investigates an energy harvesting system with magnetically induced nonlinearities and coupling effects under impulsive excitations. A system model is formulated and validated with experimental efforts to reconstruct static and dynamic properties of the system via simulations. Then, the model is harnessed to scrutinize dynamic response of the system when subjected to impulse conditions. This research reveals the clear impulse strength dependence and influence of asymmetries on total electrical energy capture and energy conversion efficiency that are tailored by magnetic force coupling. Asymmetry is found to promote greater impulse-to-electrical energy conversion when compared to the symmetric counterpart system and a benchmark nonlinear energy harvester. The roles of initial conditions exemplify how stored energy in an asymmetric energy harvesting system may be released during nonlinear impulsive response. These results provide insights about opportunities and challenges to incorporate magnetic coupling effects in nonlinear energy harvesting systems subjected to impulses.

scholarly journals A Study on the Energy-Harvesting Device with a Magnetic Spring for Improved Durability in High-Speed Trains

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Jaehoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
High Speed Train ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Magnetic Spring ◽  
High Speed Trains ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices

Durability is a critical issue concerning energy-harvesting devices. Despite the energy-harvesting device’s excellent performance, moving components, such as the metal spring, can be damaged during operation. To solve the durability problem of the metal spring in a vibration-energy-harvesting (VEH) device, this study applied a non-contact magnetic spring to a VEH device using the repulsive force of permanent magnets. A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the potential energy-harvesting power using the magnetic spring VEH device. In addition, the characteristics of the generated power were studied using the magnetic spring VEH device in a high-speed train traveling at 300 km/h. Through the high-speed train experiment, the power generated by both the metal spring VEH device and magnetic spring VEH device was measured, and the performance characteristics required for a power source for wireless sensor nodes in high-speed trains are discussed.

A Creative Vibration Energy Harvesting System to Support a Self-Powered Internet of Thing (IoT) Network in Smart Bridge Monitoring

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saman Farhangdoust ◽  
Claudia Mederos ◽  
Behrouz Farkiani ◽  
Armin Mehrabi ◽  
Hossein Taheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Laser Vibrometer ◽  
Stay Cable ◽  
Fe Modelling ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

Abstract This paper presents a creative energy harvesting system using a bimorph piezoelectric cantilever-beam to power wireless sensors in an IoT network for the Sunshine Skyway Bridge. The bimorph piezoelectric energy harvester (BPEH) comprises a cantilever beam as a substrate sandwiched between two piezoelectric layers to remarkably harness ambient vibrations of an inclined stay cable and convert them into electrical energy when the cable is subjected to a harmonic acceleration. To investigate and design the bridge energy harvesting system, a field measurement was required for collecting cable vibration data. The results of a non-contact laser vibrometer is used to remotely measure the dynamic characteristics of the inclined cables. A finite element study is employed to simulate a 3-D model of the proposed BPEH by COMSOL Multiphasics. The FE modelling results showed that the average power generated by the BPEH excited by a harmonic acceleration of 1 m/s2 at 1 Hz is up to 614 μW which satisfies the minimum electric power required for the sensor node in the proposed IoT network. In this research a LoRaWAN architecture is also developed to utilize the BPEH as a sustainable and sufficient power resource for an IoT platform which uses wireless sensor networks installed on the bridge stay cables to collect and remotely transfer bridge health monitoring data over the bridge in a low-power manner.

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