scholarly journals Electron Beam Welding of 2099-T83 Aluminium-lithium Alloy Thick Plates

2019 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 02010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozef Bárta ◽  
Beáta Simeková ◽  
Milan Marônek ◽  
Mária Dománková
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Post Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength Test ◽  
Lithium Alloy

The paper deals with the welding of AW 2099-T83 aluminium lithium alloy being used for construction of lower wing stringers. The thickness of AW 2099-T83 aluminium lithium alloy was 25.4 mm. Electron beam welding with the accelerating voltage of 55 kV was used for production of welded joints. Welded joints were inspected by computer tomography, macroscopic and microscopic analysis, tensile strength test and microhardness measurement. Welded joints exhibited good weld joint formation, typical to electron beam welding. Weld metal was structure was dendritic formed by α solid solution. Decrease of microhardness was observed mainly in the centre of weld metal due to dissolution of precipitates. The fracture occurred in the weld metal during tensile strength test. Further research will focus on post-heat treatment of welded joints in order to improve mechanical properties of weld metal.

scholarly journals Application of Dynamic Beam Positioning for Creating Specified Structures and Properties of Welded Joints in Electron-Beam Welding

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2233
Author(s):  
Tatyana Olshanskaya ◽  
Vladimir Belenkiy ◽  
Elena Fedoseeva ◽  
Elena Koleva ◽  
Dmitriy Trushnikov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Thermal Effect ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Parent Metal ◽  
Cooling Rates ◽  
Structures And Properties

The application of electron beam sweep makes it possible to carry out multifocal and multi-beam welding, as well as combine the welding process with local heating or subsequent heat treatment, which is important when preparing products from thermally-hardened materials. This paper presents a method of electron beam welding (EBW) with dynamic beam positioning and its experimental-calculation results regarding the formation of structures and properties of heat-resistant steel welded joints (grade of steel 20Cr3MoWV). The application of electron beam oscillations in welding makes it possible to change the shape and dimensions of welding pool. It also affects the crystallization and formation of a primary structure. It has been established that EBW with dynamic beam positioning increases the weld metal residence time and the thermal effect zone above the critical A3 point, increases cooling time and considerably reduces instantaneous cooling rates as compared to welding without beam sweep. Also, the difference between cooling rates in the depth of a welded joint considerably reduces the degree of structural non-uniformity. A bainitic–martensitic structure is formed in the weld metal and the thermal effect zone throughout the whole depth of fusion. As a result of this structure, the level of mechanical properties of a welded joint produced from EBW with dynamic electron beam positioning approaches that of parent metal to a greater extent than in the case of welding by a static beam. As a consequence, welding of heat-resistant steels reduces the degree of non-uniformity of mechanical properties in the depth of welded joints, as well as decreases the level of hardening of a welded joint in relation to parent metal.

Welding of Steel with High Manganese and Aluminum Content

2013 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
Stanisław Lalik ◽  
Grzegorz Niewielski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Ferritic Steel ◽  
Aluminum Content ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Aluminium Content ◽  
High Manganese ◽  
Tensile Strength Test

The paper presents results of tests of mechanical properties, hardness measurements, macro-and microstructures of welded joints austenitic and austenitic-ferritic steel with high manganese and aluminium content meant for automotive industry. Tests were conducted on flat sheets made of steel X20MnAl18-3 and X55MnAl25-5. Tested welded joints were ruptured in tensile strength test in all cases inside the weld which is connected with lower resistance to stretching of welded joints in comparison with resistance of joined steels. Resistance to stretching of tested samples, regardless of the method of welding, is on a similar level.

Electron Beam Welding of Aluminium Alloy AW2099

2020 ◽  
Vol 994 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Ján Urminský ◽  
Milan Marônek ◽  
Jozef Bárta ◽  
Martin Sahul ◽  
František Jurina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Hardness Measurement ◽  
Metallographic Analysis ◽  
Fusion Boundary ◽  
Lithium Alloy ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Lithium Alloys

The paper deals with the analysis of mechanical properties of welded joints made of AW 2099 aluminium-lithium alloy by electron beam welding. The thickness of the experimental material was 3±0.2 mm. PZ EZ 30 STU electron beam welding machine was used for production of welds. Maximum accelerating voltage used within this study was 55 kV. Metallographic analysis, hardness measurement test and static tensile were carried out. The structure of the weld joint of aluminium-lithium alloy was investigated. Produced welded joints were characterized by the presence of following zones: heat affected zone (HAZ), equiaxed non-dendritic zone (EQZ), columnar dendritic zone (CDZ) and equiaxed dendritic zone (EDZ). EQZ grains were formed due to heterogeneous nucleation on precipitates at the fusion boundary. EQZ is typical for joining of aluminium lithium alloys.

scholarly journals Microstructural characterization and mechanical performance along the thickness of electron beam welded stabilized AISI 321 stainless steel

10.30544/592 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Sharma ◽  
Vineet Prabhakar ◽  
Sandeep Singh Sandhu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Weld Joint ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Aisi 321

The Electron Beam welding (EBW) process was employed to fabricate 18 mm thick fully penetrated butt welds of AISI 321 stainless steel. Nail shaped weld wide at the top and narrow at the bottom was obtained. Characterization of the weld joint was carried out using optical microscopy, scan electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, microhardness, impact toughness test and tensile strength test. The microstructure of the weld metal was found to be free from defects like cracks porosity etc. The weld metal consisted of the primarily austenitic matrix with skeletal and vermicular morphology of δ-ferrite by the side of the grain boundaries. Carbides of Cr and Ti were found in the weld metal after the thermal aging treatment of 750°C for 24 hours as reveled by the XRD analysis. The tensile strength study revealed a maximum strength of 575 MPa at the root of the weld joint in the as-welded state. The maximum impact toughness of 129.3 J was obtained in the top section of the weld in the as-welded condition. The results in terms of structure-property correlaterelationship. This study recommends the effectiveness of EBW for joining 18 mm thick AISI 321.

scholarly journals Influence of Welding Speed on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Electron Beam-Welded Joints of TC4 and 4J29 Sheets using Cu/Nb Multi-Interlayers

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Defeng Mo ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Yongjian Fang ◽  
Tingfeng Song ◽  
Xiaosong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Weld Appearance

Dissimilar metal joining between titanium and kovar alloys was conducted using electron beam welding. Metallurgical bonding of titanium alloys and kovar alloys was achieved by using a Cu/Nb multi-interlayer. The effects of welding speed on weld appearance, microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints were investigated. The microstructure of welded joints was characterized by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The mechanical properties of welded joints were investigated by tensile strength and micro-hardness tests. The results showed that welding speed had great effects on the weld appearance, microstructure, and mechanical properties of electron beam-welded joints. With an increase of welding speed, at the titanium alloy side, the amount of (Nb,Ti) solid solution was increased, while the formation of brittle FeTi was effectively suppressed. At the kovar alloy side, microstructure was mainly composed of soft Cu solid solution and some α-Fe + γ phases. In addition, higher welding speeds within a certain range was beneficial for eliminating the formation of cracks, and inhibiting the embrittlement of welded joints. Therefore, the tensile strength of welded joints was increased to about 120 MPa for a welding speed of 10 mm/s. Furthermore, the bonding mechanism of TC4/Nb/Cu/4J29 dissimilar welded joints had been investigated and detailed.

scholarly journals Influence of the welding parameters on the weld metal mechanical heterogeneity of EP517 (Fe12Cr2NiMoWVNb) steel and 36NKhTYu (Fe36Ni12Cr3TiAl) alloy dissimilar welded joints

2021 ◽  
Vol 2077 (1) ◽  
pp. 012001
Author(s):  
K T Borodavkina ◽  
E V Terentyev ◽  
A P Sliva ◽  
A Yu Marchenkov ◽  
I E Zhmurko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Mechanical Heterogeneity ◽  
Alloy 36Nkhtyu ◽  
Hardness Values

Abstract The article presents the results of assessing the effect of the welding speed and the displacement of the electron beam relative to the joint on the mechanical heterogeneity of the weld metal of dissimilar welded joints of EP517 (Fe12Cr2NiMoWVNb) steel and 36NKhTYu (Fe36Ni12Cr3TiAl) alloy. Aging curves are plotted for the weld metal of welded joints made at electron beam welding (EBW) speeds of 30 m/h and 120 m/h, as well as for the weld metal of the welded joint made at a speed of 30 m/h with various electron beam displacements. An assessment of the change in the mechanical heterogeneity of the weld metal was carried out by the change in the standard deviation of the hardness values, and metallographic studies were also carried out. It was found that a decrease in the EBW speed leads to a decrease in the standard deviation of the results of measuring the hardness of the weld metal after aging from 45 to 14 HV5 or from 18% to 6%. It was also found that an increase in the displacement of the electron beam to alloy 36NKhTYu (Fe36Ni12Cr3TiAl) to 60% leads to an increase in the hardness of the weld metal from 225 to 305 HV5 (by 35%).

Influence of Residual Stresses on the Weld Metal Hardness of 5V Titanium Alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 359-365
Author(s):  
Egor V. Terentyev ◽  
Artem Yu. Marchenkov ◽  
Ksenia T. Borodavkina
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Metal Hardness ◽  
Hardness Values

Influence of residual welding stresses on the hardness values of the weld metal is studied. The investigations were carried out on 5V titanium alloy welded joints, obtained by electron-beam welding and argon-arc welding (TIG-welding). It is shown that the nature of the residual stresses distribution depends on the parameters of welding and affects the hardness values of the weld metal. It is shown, that the difference between the hardness values of the metal after welding and the metal after partial relief of residual stresses on the investigated alloy is up to 90 MPa, which is about 3% of the weld metal hardness level.

Microstructure and properties of Co3W2 heat-resistant steel by vacuum electron beam welding

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (01n03) ◽  
pp. 2040058
Author(s):  
Youyi Zhang ◽  
Guoqing Gou
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Resistant Steel ◽  
Heat Resistant Steel ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
The Impact

12Cr10Co3W2MoNiVNbNB (Co3W2) is a new type of martensitic heat-resistant steel, which is mainly used in high-temperature dynamic, static blades, high-temperature bolts and other components of ultra-supercritical steam turbines. The Co3W2 steel was joined by vacuum electron beam welding, and the microstructures of the joints were analyzed. The hardness, tensile strength and impact toughness of the joints were investigated. The results show that the joints mainly consist of weld metal, fusion-line, heat-affected zone (HAZ) and base metal, the microstructure of the weld metal is a coarse martensite. The hardness of the weld metal is about 326 HV higher than that of the base metal, and the tensile strength of the joints is 939 MPa, which can reach 98.63% of base metal. The impact absorbed energy of weld metal is such that the weakest part of the welded joints during the impact process is about 18.5 J.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Electron Beam-Welded Joints of Titanium TC4 (Ti-6Al-4V) and Kovar (Fe-29Ni-17Co) Alloys with Cu/Nb Multi-Interlayer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-jian Fang ◽  
Xiao-song Jiang ◽  
De-feng Mo ◽  
Ting-feng Song ◽  
Zhen-yi Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Strength Tests

Electron beam welding of a titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) and a kovar alloy (Fe-29Ni-17Co) was performed by using a Cu/Nb multi-interlayer between them. Microstructure and composition of welded joints were analyzed by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Mechanical properties of welded joints were evaluated by microhardness and tensile strength tests. Results indicated that in case of 0.22 mm thickness of Nb foil, microstructure of the titanium alloy side was mainly composed of Ti solid solution and some intermetallic compounds such as FeTi and CuTi2, whereas in case of 0.40 mm thickness of Nb foil, the appearance of weld was more uniform and hardness of the weld zone decreased sharply. However, tensile strength of welded joints was increased from 88.1 MPa for the 0.22 mm Nb foil to 150 MPa for the 0.40 mm Nb foil. It was found that thicker Nb foil could inhibit diffusion of Fe atoms towards the titanium alloy side, thus promoting the formation of Ti solid solution and a small amount of CuTi2 and eliminating FeTi. In addition, in both cases, Cu0.5Fe0.5Ti was found in the fusion zone of the titanium alloy side, which had an adverse effect on mechanical properties of welded joints.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document