Synthesis of porous ceramics for ceramic biosensors

Highly porous ceramic materials with open porosity are perspective for manufacture of the biosensors. Those materials are used as a framework and open porosity allows to inject a necessary functional components into internal volume. Electroconductive highly porous ceramics on a base of La1-xCaxMnO3 with variable composition have acceptable hardness and relatively low sintering temperature (about 1450°C). In recent work samples of highly porous ceramic with the composition of La1-xCaxMnO3 (x=0.3, 0.5 and 0.7) were obtained by impregnating a carbon nonwoven material with a slip containing pre-synthesized compounds of the desired composition, followed by annealing at 1415-1450îÑ. Obtained materials according to the scanning electron microscopy data have a pore size of up to 100 µm. The conductivity is 0.5-2.5 S/cm.

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Perspective Biomass Carrier for Anaerobic Processing Systems of Organic Waste AIC

Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK ◽

10.22314/2658-4859-2020-67-1-148-155 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 148-155

Author(s):

Anatoliy V. Fedotov ◽

Viktor S. Grigoriev ◽

Dmitriy A. Kovalev ◽

Andrey A. Kovalev

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Porous Ceramic ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Porous Ceramics ◽

Developed Surface ◽

Highly Porous

To speed up the wastewater treatment under aerobic conditions and to optimize the processes of anaerobic wastewater treatment in digesters, immobilization technologies of microorganisms and enzymes on solid carriers are used. Ceramic carriers based on aluminosilicates and alumina are one of the promising inorganic biomass carriers. (Research purpose) To study the structure of porous ceramic biomass carriers for anaerobic processing of organic waste and evaluate the prospects for their use. (Materials and methods) The substrate for anaerobic digestion was a mixture of sediments of the primary and secondary sewage sumps of the Lyubertsy treatment facilities. K-65 cattle feed was used to ensure the constancy of the composition of organic substances in substrates as a cosubstrate. The authors used the method of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption of Bruner-Emmett-Teller to study the pore structure and specific surface of solid carriers on a specific surface analyzer Quntachrome Autosorb-1. (Results and discussion) The main characteristics (specific surface, volume of micro- and mesopores, predominant pore radius, water absorption and others) of chamotte foam lightweight and highly porous corundum ceramics were determined. It was revealed that ceramic materials with a developed surface and electrically conductive material provided an increase in biogas yield by 3.8-3.9 percent with an increase in methane content by an average of 5 percent. (Conclusions) The results of anaerobic digestion showed a positive effect of both a conductive carrier and highly porous ceramic materials on the process of anaerobic bioconversion of organic waste into biogas. It is advisable to expand experimental studies on the use of a conductive carrier with a developed surface based on highly porous ceramics.

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Effect of firing mode on the structure and properties of highly porous ceramic materials based on alyumomagnezia spinel

NOVYE OGNEUPORY (NEW REFRACTORIES) ◽

10.17073/1683-4518-2019-1-37-42 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 37-42

Author(s):

N. V. Buchilin ◽

G. Yu. Lyulyukina ◽

N. M. Varrik

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Mechanical Characteristics ◽

Porous Ceramic ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Porous Ceramics ◽

Preliminary Heat Treatment ◽

Structure And Properties ◽

Firing Mode ◽

Highly Porous ◽

Porous Ceramic Materials

The results of studies of sintering of spinel porous ceramics using aluminum and magnesium oxides as initial components without sintering additives are presented. It is shown that the optimal burning temperature range for the production of materials with an open-cellular porous structure is 1700‒1730 °C. It has been established that the preliminary heat treatment of oxides significantly affects the mechanical characteristics of materials. Materials were obtained with an interconnected porosity of up to 85 % and a compressive strength of up to 1,0 MPa. Ill. 6. Ref. 25.

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PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF CERAMIC MATERIALS FOR THE NEEDS OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

Tekhnicheskiy servis mashin ◽

10.22314/2618-8287-2021-59-2-91-102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (143) ◽

pp. 91-102

Author(s):

Anatoliy V. Fedotov ◽

◽

Aleksey S. Dorokhov ◽

Dmitriy A. Kovalev

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Crack Resistance ◽

Porous Ceramic ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Porous Ceramics ◽

Production Costs ◽

Research Purpose ◽

Industrial Complex ◽

Highly Porous

As a result of poor quality, parts of tillage equipment have to be replaced 3-7 times a year. One of the reasons is the lack of attention to the possibility of using technical ceramics in agricultural engineering to improve the wear resistance and durability of machine parts. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in assessing the state of research and prospects for the use of ceramic materials in the Russian Federation for the needs of the agro- industrial complex. (Materials and methods) For the experiments has been used nanostructured boehmite obtained by hydrothermal synthesis to improve the properties of materials and coatings. The crack resistance was determined by the indentation method, and the methane content in the biogas was determined by the chromatographic method. (Results and discussion) The article presents the results of the use of aluminum oxide ceramics for the manufacture of parts of tillage equipment, which allows increasing the resource of parts for processing loamy soils by 2.4-4.5 times. The creation of nanocomposites is promising to increase the strength, wear resistance and crack resistance of the material. In the composition of the non-stick coating, the addition of boehmite increases the abrasion strength of the coating and the compressive strength of the samples by 2.2-2.7 times, and improves the quality of casting. The use of highly porous ceramic materials in the gating system helps to reduce waste, reduce production costs, and improve the quality of foundry products. (Conclusions) Ceramic materials due to their high hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance are becoming promising for use in the agro-industrial complex. The widespread use of modern ceramic materials as parts of tillage equipment, non-stick coatings and for the filtration of melts will improve the quality of casting, the durability of products, and reduce the cost of their production. Positive results on wastewater treatment with the use of highly porous ceramics allow us to consider it an innovative material for such purposes and it is advisable to continue research in this direction.

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Production of Porous Ceramic Materials from Spent Fluorescent Lamps

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11136056 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (13) ◽

pp. 6056

Author(s):

Egle Rosson ◽

Acacio Rincón Rincón Romero ◽

Denis Badocco ◽

Federico Zorzi ◽

Paolo Sgarbossa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

High Speed ◽

Porous Ceramic ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Porous Ceramics ◽

Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Naoh Solution ◽

Commercial Glass ◽

Triton X

Spent fluorescent lamps (SFL) are classified as hazardous materials in the European Waste Catalogue, which includes residues from various hi-tech devices. The most common end-of-life treatment of SFL consists in the recovery of rare earth elements from the phosphor powders, with associated problems in the management of the glass residues, which are usually landfilled. This study involves the manufacturing of porous ceramics from both the coarse glass-rich fraction and the phosphor-enriched fraction of spent fluorescent lamps. These porous materials, realizing the immobilization of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) within a glass matrix, are suggested for application in buildings as thermal and acoustic insulators. The proposed process is characterized by: (i) alkaline activation (2.5 M or 1 M NaOH aqueous solution); (ii) pre-curing at 75 °C; (iii) the addition of a surfactant (Triton X-100) for foaming at high-speed stirring; (iv) curing at 45 °C; (v) viscous flow sintering at 700 °C. All the final porous ceramics present a limited metal leaching and, in particular, the coarse glass fraction activated with 2.5 M NaOH solution leads to materials comparable to commercial glass foams in terms of mechanical properties.

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Preparation and Characterization of Quartz Porous Ceramic Materials Using the Yangtze River Sand

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.804.52 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 804 ◽

pp. 52-56

Author(s):

Yan Ping Feng ◽

Zhi Wen Qiu ◽

Xiao Bin Ma ◽

Lei Zhao ◽

Xin Chao Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Yangtze River ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Porous Ceramic ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Porous Ceramics ◽

Low Grade ◽

The Yangtze River ◽

Insulation Property ◽

River Sand ◽

Porous Ceramic Materials

In order to lay raw materials foundation for increasing the performance of insulating brick with the low grade quartz sand along the Yangtze River, the quartz porous ceramic materials was researched in this paper. The results show the porosity of the porous quartz ceramics decreased with an increase in the sintering temperature. The pore is like the bowl shape, and the pore is closed pore, which is help to improve the heat insulation property of quartz porous ceramics. The CaSiO4 is produced in the ceramics after sintering processing. The shape is better, and the microstructure is circular and symmetrical pore, which is help to improve the mechanical property of quartz porous ceramics.

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New heterogeneous catalytic systems based on highly porous ceramic materials modified with immobilized d-metal cage complexes for H2 production from CH4

Mendeleev Communications ◽

10.1016/j.mencom.2019.11.022 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 669-671 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexey G. Dedov ◽

Yan Z. Voloshin ◽

Alexander S. Belov ◽

Alexey S. Loktev ◽

Alexander S. Bespalov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Porous Ceramic ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

H2 Production ◽

Catalytic Systems ◽

Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽

Highly Porous ◽

Porous Ceramic Materials

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Environmental Friendly Ceramic Building Materials

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.690.150 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 690 ◽

pp. 150-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Toyohiko Sugiyama ◽

Keiji Kusumoto ◽

Masayoshi Ohashi ◽

Akinori Kamiya

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Building Materials ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Low Cost ◽

Porous Ceramic ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Porous Ceramics ◽

Heat Island ◽

Solar Reflectance ◽

Ceramic Building

The global warming is one of the most serious problems. The decrease of CO2 emissions in our daily life is an important subject today. Recently, an application of water retentive materials as a paving material has attracted a great deal of attention in Japan. This material is effective for reducing heat island phenomenon, which is also a recent problem in many cities in Japan. Water retained in the material during rainfall evaporates when heated by sunshine. The latent heat absorbed by evaporating water works to cool the surroundings. The water retentive ceramic products are expected to be useful for building materials as well as pavements. Several performances are required on the water retentive ceramics when it is used as building materials. Its cost and quality are the important factors. Porous ceramic materials formed by pressing without firing is one of ideal low cost and eco-friendly candidates. The porous ceramics is also expected to be produced from recycled ceramic materials. By optimizing its composition and forming method, a water retentive material with high performance was developed. The trial product had the properties as follows; fracture toughness: 1300N, bending strength: 175N/cm, water absorption: larger than 30%, and precision in size (length): +-0.5mm for 150mm. The product showed also enough frost resistance. In this paper, the fundamental properties of the porous ceramics prepared without firing are discussed with referring to the results of the field experiments.Another subject recently studied by several tile manufactures in Japan is the glazed tile with high solar reflectance. The exterior walls covered with such a high solar reflectance tile keeps the surface temperature of the wall lower under the strong sunshine of summer. It is effective against heat-island phenomenon. In this paper, the outline of the research results on visible and infrared reflectance of many kinds of glazes is also discussed.

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DYNAMIC COMPRESSIBILITY OF HIGH-POROSITY DAMPERS OF THERMAL AND SHOCK LOADINGS: MODELING AND EXPERIMENT

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s0217979208046517 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 22 (09n11) ◽

pp. 1183-1188 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

ANATOLY BRAGOV ◽

ALEXANDER KONSTANTINOV ◽

ANDREY LOMUNOV ◽

ANATOLY SADYRIN ◽

IVAN SERGEICHEV ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Properties ◽

Porous Ceramic ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Heat Of Fusion ◽

High Porosity ◽

Dynamic Compressibility ◽

Damping Materials ◽

The Mathematical Model ◽

Highly Porous

High-porosity materials, such as chamotte and mullite, possess a heat of fusion. Owing to their properties, these materials can be used with success as damping materials in containers for airplane, automobile, etc. transportation of radioactive or highly toxic materials. Experimental studies of the dynamic properties have been executed with using some original modifications of the Kolsky method. These modified experiments have allowed studying the dynamic compressibility of high-porosity chamotte at deformations up to 80% and amplitudes up to 50 MPa. The equations of the mathematical model describing shock compacting of chamotte as a highly porous, fragile, collapsing material are presented. Deformation of high-porous materials at non-stationary loadings is usually accompanied by fragile destruction of interpore partitions as observed in other porous ceramic materials. Comparison of numerical and experimental results has shown their good conformity.

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A Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Different Hydroxyapatite (HAp) Based Nanocomposites: The Influence of Morphology and Preferential Orientation

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ◽

10.1166/jnn.2020.17171 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 1968-1976

Author(s):

J. R. Alanís-Gómez ◽

E. M. Rivera-Muñoz ◽

C. Peza-Ledesma ◽

A. Manzano-Ramírez ◽

R. Velázquez-Castillo

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Porous Ceramic ◽

Young Modulus ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Porous Ceramics ◽

Nanocomposite Materials ◽

Crystallographic Analysis ◽

Compression Tests ◽

Crystalline Orientation

Three different types of hydroxyapatite (HAp) based porous ceramic materials were obtained through the modified gel casting method; one of them was made of commercial HAp particles and used as a reference in the mechanical characterization. Other type of ceramic was elaborated using HAp nanofibers, which were synthesized through the microwave assisted hydrothermal method and they possess a high crystallinity, purity and a preferential crystalline orientation in the [300], such were grown along the [001]. The third type of porous ceramic was elaborated using a combination of HAp nanofibers and particles. The HAp nanofibers and particles were previously analyzed by using X-ray diffraction to study their crystal structure, the topology and morphology of those HAp aggregates were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM); high-resolution transmission electron microscopy was useful to carry out a detailed crystallographic analysis. Afterwards, an organic phase made of gelatin was added to the porous ceramics in order to obtain nanocomposite materials. Two different concentrations of gelatin were used separately, and the combination of three types of porous ceramics and two concentrations of gelatin produced six different nanocomposite materials. All of these composite materials were observed through the SEM to see their topology and porosity and after that, they were probed under compression tests and their corresponding mechanical behavior was analyzed. All the composites showed mechanical properties similar to those observed in cellular materials. The Young modulus and ultimate strength were compared, finally, it was determined the contribution to the mechanical properties of the morphology, crystalline quality and preferential crystalline orientation in the HAp nanofibers. According to such properties, the composite material made of HAp nanofibers has bone tissue implant potential applications.

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