scholarly journals Globalization of EU Trade Policy in the COVID-19 Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 01034
Author(s):  
Vladimír Müller ◽  
Peter Terem
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Customs Unions ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Eu

Research background: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the shape of economic globalization as well as the position of world trade within it. Nation states and several customs unions will have to update their trade policy accordingly to the changing situation. The need for trade policy update is especially related to the EU as one of the most important actors in the world economy. Purpose of the article: This article deals with the priorities of EU trade policy during the presence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors assess what kind of changes occurred to EU’s trade policy during the first eight months (February to September 2020) since the outbreak of the COVID-19 in Europe. Furthermore, the authors also assess the penetration of unusual protectionist measures into the practical execution of EU’s trade policy. Methods: Our approach is built on a content analysis of various trade policy documents from EU and WTO. In this undertaking we also critically reflect on specific trade policy measures already adopted by the European Commission since the global outbreak of COVID-19. Findings & Value added: The article aims to be one of the first of its kind to analyze the changes caused by COVID-19 to the formation of EU trade policy. The paper concludes that during the first eight months of the pandemic, the EU trade policy followed the liberal path and protectionist measures were applied scarcely. However, in the future, EU will have to deal with increasing protectionist pressures from both internal and external environment.

scholarly journals Textiles Sector of Pakistan: The Challenge Beyond 2004

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4II) ◽  
pp. 595-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naheed Zia Khan
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Future Scenario ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Textiles And Clothing ◽  
The Eu

The world is presently looking forward to embrace the greatest moment of modern history of humankind, turn of the millennium. For Pakistan, however, the millennium celebrations are going to be accompanied by over half a century of missed opportunities and a serious challenge ahead. The focus of this study is Pakistan’s status as a ‘single commodity’ country and the life after 2004 in a post- Multifibre Arrangement (MFA) era. This work intends to use the hindsight to argue that MFA, a cat’s cradle of bilateral textile import quotas, was a blessing in disguise for the value added textiles sector of Pakistan. And the difficulties beyond 2004, when all the quotas have gone, should not be underestimated in a bipolar (NAFTA and the EU) and deregulated world economy . The analysis is carried out in four parts. Part I highlights the economic significance of Pakistan’s textiles industry by briefly analysing its contribution to different sectors of her economy. Part II presents the past, present and future scenario of international trade in Textiles and Clothing (T&C). The present situation of Pakistan’s textiles industry along with its foreign exchange generating performance in the past is assessed in Part III. Finally, Part IV analyses the prospects and challenges faced by the T&C sector of Pakistan.

scholarly journals MULTILATERALISM OR BILATERALISM: THE EU TRADE POLICY IN AN AGE OF THE WTO CRISIS

Ekonomika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-23
Author(s):  
Anna Wróbel
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
World Trade Organisation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

Abstract. The aim of the study is to analyze the EU trade policy in the age of the World Trade Organization (WTO) crisis. In addition to the WTO membership and a number of international agreements within this organisation, the EU is a party to many bilateral trade agreements and negotiating further. It is the side effect of the protracted negotiations in the WTO under the Doha Development Round. The paper discusses the process of proliferation of bilateral trade agreements in the world economy and its importance for the EU. The article is divided into three parts. Part One identifies the determinants of the WTO crisis. Part Two discusses the process of proliferation of bilateral trade agreements in the world economy. Part Three analyzes the EU trade policy and the system of the EU preferential trade agreements. It also examines trade relations of the EU with the Republic of Korea, India, and the United States of America as an illustration of the new EU trade strategy.Key words: bilateralism, European Union, common commercial policy, World Trade Organisation

scholarly journals International Comparison of High-Technology Manufacturing and Knowledge-Intensive Services in the EU

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Astra Auziņa-Emsiņa
Keyword(s):  
International Comparison ◽  
Value Added ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Productivity Level ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity ◽  
Technology Industries ◽  
High Technology Industries ◽  
The Eu

Abstract High-technology industries that apply the most advanced and cutting edge technologies are frequently analysed as an opposite to low-technology industries. Following a similar approach, services are subdivided by knowledge-intensity into two major dichotomic groups: knowledge-intensive services and less knowledge-intensive services. The aim of the research is to evaluate how these industries perform in reality, whether these industries have the largest value added and highest efficiency and productivity level as it is believed by theory and various policy documents.

scholarly journals Impacts of Globalization and Conflicts on Business Performance and Possibilities of Its Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 06032
Author(s):  
Peter Seemann ◽  
Zuzana Stofkova
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Survey Sample ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The concept of globalization is interpreted by various authors in terms of its importance or content. Globalization refers to the process of gradually erasing the borders of nation-states, and economic globalization is the culmination of this process. The proof is the interconnectedness of economies around the world, where each economy reacts sensitively to fluctuations and changes in other economies. Purpose of the article: The paper deals with the examination of conflicts in the work environment of selected companies and the subsequent formulation of suggestions and recommendations for improvement. Methods: Nowadays, conflicts in industrial relations and failure to manage conflict situations are one of the biggest problems in companies. A quantitative questionnaire survey was used to find out the current situation in companies in terms of conflicts, specific causes of conflicts, the impact of conflicts on work performance, how employees resolve work conflicts, and their awareness of alternative conflict resolution, with whom employees most often come into conflict. The questionnaire was anonymous; therefore, the specific company names are not given. The numbers of 190 selected companies were contacted, and 93 of them were replied to the questionnaire, which forms a survey sample. Findings & Value added: The conclusion contains recommendations for individual respondent’s businesses to successfully resolve and prevent conflicts in the workplace, and thus strive to build a peaceful working atmosphere without extra costs incurred ineffective conflict resolution. Furthermore, there is an evaluation of the economic aspect and demonstration of the benefits of acquiring and using the skills of alternative conflict resolution in the form of elimination of losses.

Kazakhstan’s Economic Growth in the Context of the World Economy

2006 ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Arystanbekov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Crude Petroleum ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Kazakhstan’s economic policy results in 1995-2005 are considered in the article. In particular, the analysis of the relationship between economic growth and some indicators of nation states - population, territory, direct access to the World Ocean, and extraction of crude petroleum - is presented. Basic problems in the sphere of economic policy in Kazakhstan are formulated.

Upheaval in the distribution of power in the world economy: Problems and outlook of the world economy to 2050

2017 ◽  
pp. 114-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Klinov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
International Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Depressed State ◽  
Industry Output ◽  
The World ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
The Eu

Causes of upheaval in the distribution of power among large advanced and emerging market economies in the XXI century, especially in industry output and international trade, are a topic of the paper. Problems of employment, financialization and income distribution inequality as consequences of globalization are identified as the most important. Causes of the depressed state of the EU and the eurozone are presented in a detailed review. In this content, PwC forecast of changes in the world economy by 2050, to the author’s view, optimistically provides for wise and diligent economic policy.

On the Future of the Financial Redistribution across Member States in the EU

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-43
Author(s):  
Sándor Richter
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Member States ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Financial Position ◽  
Cross Member ◽  
Expenditure Structure ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Made In

The order and modalities of cross-member state redistribution as well as the net financial position of the member states are one of the most widely discussed aspects of European integration. The paper addresses selected issues in the current debate on the EU budget for the period 2007 to 2013 and introduces four scenarios. The first is identical to the European Commission's proposal; the second is based on reducing the budget to 1% of the EU's GNI, as proposed by the six net-payer countries, while maintaining the expenditure structure of the Commission's proposal. The next two scenarios represent radical reforms: one of them also features a '1% EU GNI'; however, the expenditures for providing 'EU-wide value-added' are left unchanged and it is envisaged that the requisite cuts will be made in the expenditures earmarked for cohesion. The other reform scenario is different from the former one in that the cohesion-related expenditures are left unchanged and the expenditures for providing 'EU-wide value-added' are reduced. After the comparison of the various scenarios, the allocation of transfers to the new member states in terms of the conditions prevailing in the different scenarios is analysed.

The Service Sector in the Economy in Poland and European Union Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-207
Author(s):  
Walentyna Kwiatkowska
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Sector Theory ◽  
The Eu

The role of the service sector in the economy is increasing in the process of socio-economic development. This tendency has been confirmed and explained by the three-sector theory formulated by A.G.B. Fisher, C. Clark, and J. Fourastie. The main goal of the paper is to show development tendencies in service sectors in Poland and the EU countries and assess them in view of the three-sector theory. The share of the service sector in the total employment and in the total gross value added in the years 2005-2013/2014 will be analysed together with two sub-sectors including market and non-market services. The research shows that the share of the service sector in total employment and total gross value added has been recently increasing in Poland as well as in other EU countries, but there is a gap in this process between Poland and the most developed EU countries. Moreover, in Poland, the role of market services has been recently increasing much faster than the role of non-market services. 

Comparative analysis of the trade policy of Barack Obama and Donald Trump

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
V. Iordanova ◽  
A. Ananev
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Entire World

The authors of this scientific article conducted a comparative analysis of the trade policy of US presidents Barack Obama and Donald Trump. The article states that the tightening of trade policy by the current President is counterproductive and has a serious impact not only on the economic development of the United States, but also on the entire world economy as a whole.

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