Preparation of Trifluoromethylated (Arylaminomethylene)malononitriles Suitable for Synthesis of 4-Amino-2-(trifluoromethyl) quinoline Derivatives by Intramolecular Friedel–Crafts Reaction

Synthesis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 2124-2130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Rahmani ◽  
Ali Darehkordi
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Quinoline Derivatives ◽  
Simple Protocol ◽  
First Time

An approach for the synthesis of 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)quinolines via the intramolecular Friedel–Crafts reaction of 2-(1-(arylamino)-2,2,2-trifluoroethylidene)malononitrile derivatives is reported. This simple protocol provides a wide variety of 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)quinolines in good to excellent yields, without any purification. Furthermore, the 2-(1-(arylamino)-2,2,2-trifluoroethylidene) malononitrile derivatives used in this project have been synthesized by the reaction of N-aryl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetimidoyl chlorides and malononitrile at ambient temperature and under microwave irradiation in excellent yields, for the first time.

Efficient Biginelli Synthesis of 2-Aminodihydropyrimidines under Microwave Irradiation

Synlett ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (08) ◽  
pp. 1047-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fulvia Felluga ◽  
Fabio Benedetti ◽  
Federico Berti ◽  
Sara Drioli ◽  
Giorgia Regini
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Guanidine Hydrochloride ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Dicarbonyl Compounds ◽  
Simple Protocol ◽  
Twofold Excess ◽  
General Method

A practical and general method for the Biginelli cyclocondensation of guanidine with aldehydes and β-dicarbonyl compounds is described and illustrated with the synthesis of a set of 26 functionalized 2-amino-3,4-dihydropyrimidines. The simple protocol involves the ­microwave-mediated reaction of a twofold excess of guanidine hydrochloride with the required reaction partners in an alcohol at 120 °C. Yields are generally good, with short reaction times and a simple workup. The scope is considerably wider than that of similar reactions ­carried out under conventional heating.

Ambient Temperature as a Strong Zeitgeber of Circadian Rhythms in Response to Temperature Sensitivity and Poor Heat Dissipation Abilities in Subterranean African Mole-Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 074873042110342
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Hart ◽  
Barry van Jaarsveld ◽  
Kiara G. Lasch ◽  
Kerryn L. Grenfell ◽  
Maria K. Oosthuizen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Ecological Constraints ◽  
Photic Entrainment ◽  
Mole Rat ◽  
Intimate Link ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
First Time

Mammals have evolved circadian rhythms in internal biological processes and behaviors, such as locomotor activity (LA), to synchronize to the environmental conditions they experience. Photic entrainment of LA has been well established; however, non-photic entrainment, such as ambient temperature ( Ta), has received much less attention. To address this dearth of knowledge, we exposed two subterranean endothermic-homeothermic African mole-rat species, the solitary Cape mole-rat ( Georychus capensis [GC]) and social Mahali mole-rat ( Cryptomys hottentotus mahali [CHM]), to varying Ta cycles in the absence of light. We showed that the LA rhythms of these two species entrain to Ta cycles and that the majority of LA occurred during the coolest 12-h period. LA confined to the coolest Ta periods may be the direct consequence of the poor heat dissipation abilities of African mole-rats brought about by physiological and ecological constraints. Recently, it has been hypothesized that Ta is only a strong zeitgeber for circadian rhythms in species whose thermoregulatory abilities are sensitive to changes in Ta (i.e., heterotherms and ectotherms), which previously has excluded endothermic-homeothermic mammals. However, this study demonstrates that Ta is a strong zeitgeber or entrainer for circadian rhythms of LA in subterranean endothermic-homeothermic mammals as a consequence of their sensitivity to changes in Ta brought about by their poor heat dissipation abilities. This study reinforces the intimate link between circadian rhythms and thermoregulation and conclusively, for the first time, provides evidence that Ta is a strong zeitgeber for endothermic-homeothermic mammals.

Directly decorated CeY zeolite for O2-selective adsorption in O2/N2 separation at ambient temperature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanbang Liu ◽  
Danhua Yuan ◽  
Liping Yang ◽  
Jiacheng Xing ◽  
Shu Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Adsorption Selectivity ◽  
First Time

The traditional zeolites used in air separation are generally N2-selective adsorbents. It was found for the first time that the O2/N2 adsorption selectivity can be reversed by directly decorating the...

scholarly journals Silica bound co-pillar[4+1]arene as a novel supramolecular stationary phase

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 1792-1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subbareddy Mekapothula ◽  
Matthew A. Addicoat ◽  
David J. Boocock ◽  
John D. Wallis ◽  
Peter J. Cragg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
First Time

A novel co-pillar[4+1]arene has been synthesised for the first time, using microwave irradiation and utilised as a chromatographic stationary phase.

scholarly journals Establishing the concept of aza-[3 + 3] annulations using enones as a key expansion of this unified strategy in alkaloid synthesis

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1170-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey I Gerasyuto ◽  
Zhi-Xiong Ma ◽  
Grant S Buchanan ◽  
Richard P Hsung
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Alkaloid Synthesis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

A successful enone version of an intramolecular aza-[3 + 3] annulation reaction is described here. Use of piperidinium trifluoroacetate salt as the catalyst and toluene as the solvent appears to be critical for a successful annulation. We also demonstrated for the first time that microwave irradiation can accelerate aza-[3 + 3] annulation reactions. An attempt to expand the scope of the enone aza-[3 + 3] annulation was made in the form of propyleine synthesis as a proof of concept. While synthesis of the enone annulation precursor was successfully accomplished, the annulation proved to be challenging and was only modestly successful.

scholarly journals Integrated Band Intensities of Ethylene (C212H4) by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Lebron ◽  
T. L. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Infrared Band ◽  
Combination Bands ◽  
First Time ◽  
Absorbance Spectra

The integrated band intensities of ethylene (12C2H4) in the 640–3260 cm−1 region were determined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The infrared absorbance spectra of the ν7 and ν10, ν12, ν7+ν8, ν6+ν10, v11, and ν9 and ν2+ν12 bands of ethylene recorded at a resolution of 0.5 cm−1 were measured at an ambient temperature of 296 K at various vapor pressures ranging from 3×10−5 to 1×10−3 atm to obtain respective Beer-Lambert's law plots. The measured integrated band intensities in cm−1/cm atm were S(ν9andν2+ν12)=112.20±0.24, S(ν11)=55.35±0.14, S(ν12)=41.22±0.30, and S(ν7andν10)=328.66±16.55. In addition, the measured infrared band intensities of the ν7+ν8 and ν6+ν10 combination bands of ethylene are reported for the first time: S(ν7+ν8)=21.701±0.028 cm−1/cm atm and S(ν6+ν10)=2.568±0.025 cm−1/cm atm.

Identification and composition of conformational isomers and their cations in crotonaldehyde by VUV-MATI spectroscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (42) ◽  
pp. 27162-27168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Man Park ◽  
Hong Lae Kim ◽  
Chan Ho Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Conformational Isomers ◽  
Mati Spectroscopy ◽  
First Time

Composition of the crotonaldehyde sample at ambient temperature was determined as 93.0%, 3.4%, 3.4%, and 0.2% for the tt-/tc-/ct-/cc-conformers, respectively, for the first time.

Non-thermal polyimidization reaction using base–ionic liquid medium as a dual catalyst–solvent

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (99) ◽  
pp. 96914-96917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Chen ◽  
Shuanglong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
One Step ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ionic Liquid Medium

A one-step synthesis of PMDA–ODA polyimide at ambient temperature was reported for the first time, in which a polyimidization reaction was rapidly accomplished in 99% yield in an imidazolium-based ionic liquid containing a non-nucleophilic base.

A Multi-Component Reaction for the Synthesis of N-Substituted Furo[3,4-b]quinoline Derivatives under Microwave Irradiation.

ChemInform ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (52) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shujiang Tu ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Runhong Jia ◽  
Bo Jiang ◽  
Junyong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Quinoline Derivatives

An Novel Synthesis Route of γ-Nitro-β-Aryl-α-Methylene Arone: Microwave-Assisted Michael Reaction of Phosphorus Ylides to Nitroolefins

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 730-733
Author(s):  
Yi Si Yang ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Michael Reaction ◽  
Phosphorus Ylides ◽  
Subsequent Reaction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Synthesis Route ◽  
Novel Synthesis ◽  
Michael Type Addition ◽  
Microwave Time ◽  
First Time

Michael-type addition of stabilized phosphorus ylides to nitroolefins was accomplished under microwave irradiation for the first time. Its subsequent reaction with formaldehyde provides γ-nitro-β-aryl-α-methylene arone. The solvents, microwave time and power were screened, the best yield was got(up to 62% ).

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