scholarly journals Non-Nutritive Sucking in the Preterm Infant

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (03) ◽  
pp. 268-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Dewey ◽  
Amy Jacobsen ◽  
Joan Smith ◽  
Roberta Pineda
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Medical Complications ◽  
Feeding Success ◽  
Nutritive Sucking ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objective To identify the progression of non-nutritive sucking (NNS) across postmenstrual age (PMA) and to investigate the relationship of NNS with medical and social factors and oral feeding. Study Design Fifty preterm infants born at ≤32 weeks gestation had NNS assessed weekly starting at 32 weeks PMA with the NTrainer System. Oral feeding was assessed at 38 weeks PMA. Results There were increases in NNS bursts per minute (p = 0.005), NNS per minute (p < 0.0001), NNS per burst (p < 0.001), and peak pressure (p = 0.0003) with advancing PMA. Level of immaturity and medical complications were related to NNS measures (p < 0.05). NNS measures were not related to Neonatal Oral Motor Assessment Scale scores. Smaller weekly change in NNS peak pressure (p = 0.03; β = –1.4) was related to feeding success at 38 weeks PMA. Conclusion Infants demonstrated NNS early in gestation. Variability in NNS scores could reflect medical complications and immaturity. More stable sucking pressure across time was related to feeding success at 38 weeks PMA.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Nigerian English and Nigerian Pidgin in Nigeria: Evidence from Copula Constructions in Ice-Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-388
Author(s):  
Ogechi Florence Agbo ◽  
Ingo Plag
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Deuber (2006) investigated variation in spoken Nigerian Pidgin data by educated speakers and found no evidence for a continuum of lects between Nigerian Pidgin and English. Many speakers, however, speak both languages, and both are in close contact with each other, which keeps the question of the nature of their relationship on the agenda. This paper investigates 67 conversations in Nigerian English by educated speakers as they occur in the International Corpus of English, Nigeria (ice-Nigeria, Wunder et al., 2010), using the variability in copula usage as a test bed. Implicational scaling, network analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis reveal that the use of variants is not randomly distributed over speakers. Particular clusters of speakers use particular constellations of variants. A qualitative investigation reveals this complex situation as a continuum of style, with code-switching as one of the stylistic devices, motivated by such social factors as formality, setting, participants and interpersonal relationships.

Spiritual Well-Being and Marital Adjustment

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia D. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Marital Adjustment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dyadic Adjustment ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over 40 Years

This pilot study investigated the relationship of spiritual well-being (defined here as a well-integrated internal religious orientation) to marital adjustment. The subscale dimensions of satisfaction, cohesion, consensus, and affectual expression were used as indicators of adjustment as measured by Spanier's (1976) Dyadic Adjustment Scale. These scale scores were correlated with the religious, existential, and spiritual well-being scores from Paloutzian & Ellison's (1982) Spiritual Well-Being Scale. Subjects were 147 married individuals from churches in Southern California. Responses indicated that spiritual well-being correlated significantly to marital adjustment, with significant differences for years married: Those married 10–40 years showed a higher correlation than those married over 40 years. Existential well-being scores correlated highly with marital adjustment scores at most marital stages. This provides some support for the hypothesis that lived-out spirituality is an important factor in perception of marital happiness.

scholarly journals Ordem e Progresso: Augusto Comte e as influências do Positivismo na educação das mulheres na Primeira República brasileira

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Loraine Lopes de Oliveira ◽  
Vera Lúcia Martiniak
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Dialectical Materialism ◽  
Material Reality ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Education Of Women ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Old Republic ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma reflexão acerca da influência do Positivismo na educação das mulheres no contexto da Primeira República brasileira (1889-1930), também chamada de República Velha. Faz-se uma breve abordagem inicial a respeito de Augusto Comte e o surgimento da filosofia positivista e posteriormente se discorre sobre a influência do Positivismo na educação das mulheres, a qual era vista como um elemento chave para a concretização da nova sociedade que se projetava, para o progresso e a modernização. A pesquisa tem caráter bibliográfico e fundamenta-se nos pressupostos teóricos do materialismo histórico-dialético, que busca compreender os fenômenos sociais e históricos a partir da existência material dos homens. A discussão prioriza a relação da educação com os fatores econômicos, políticos e sociais, já que se compreende que o objeto de pesquisa não pode ser entendido como uma situação isolada de seu contexto histórico.Palavras-chave: Positivismo. Primeira República Brasileira. Educação das mulheres. Order and Progress: Augusto Comte and the influences of Positivism in the education of women in the First Brazilian RepublicABSTRACTThe present article aims to present a reflection on the influence of positivism in the education of women in the context of the First Brazilian Republic (1889-1930), also called the Old Republic. A brief initial approach is given to Augusto Comte and the emergence of the positivist philosophy and later it talks about the influence of positivism in the education of women, a qualitative perspective as a key element for a concretization of the new society which was projected, for progress and modernization. The research has a bibliographic character and is based on the theoretical assumptions of historical-dialectical materialism, which seeks social and historical phenomena from the material reality of men. The discussion prioritizes the relationship of studies with economic, political and social factors, which encompass the object of research can’t be understood as a situation isolated from its historical context.Keywords: Positivism. First Brazilian Republic. Education of women. Orden y Progreso: Augusto Comte y las influencias del Positivismo en la educación de las mujeres en la primera república brasileñaRESUMENEl presente artículo tiene como objetivo exponer una reflexión acerca de la influencia del Positivismo en la educación de las mujeres en el contexto de la Primera República Brasileña (1889-1930), también denominada de República Vieja. Se hace un breve abordaje inicial a respecto de Augusto Comte y el surgimiento de la filosofía positivista y posteriormente se discurre sobre la influencia del Positivismo en la educación de las mujeres, la cual se veía como un elemento clave para la concretización de la nueva sociedad que se proyectaba hacia el progreso y la modernización. La investigación tiene carácter bibliográfico y se fundamenta en los supuestos teóricos del materialismo histórico-dialéctico, que busca comprender los fenómenos sociales e históricos a partir de la existencia material de los hombres. La discusión prioriza la relación de la educación con los factores económicos, políticos y sociales, ya que se comprende que el objeto de la investigación no puede ser entendido como una situación distante de su contexto histórico.Palabras-clave: Positivismo. Primera República Brasileña. Educación de las mujeres

The predictive value of the baseline Oswestry Disability Index in lumbar disc arthroplasty

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. E7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harel Deutsch
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Oswestry Disability Index ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Disc Arthroplasty ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Good Outcome ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Lumbar Disc Arthroplasty ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Object The goal of the study was to determine patient factors predictive of good outcome after lumbar disc arthroplasty. Specifically, the paper examines the relationship of the preoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) to patient outcome at 1 year. Methods The study is a retrospective review of 20 patients undergoing a 1-level lumbar disc arthroplasty at the author's institution between 2004 and 2008. All data were collected prospectively. Data included the ODI, visual analog scale scores, and patient demographics. Results All patients underwent a 1-level disc arthroplasty at L4–5 or L5–S1. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on their baseline ODI. Patients with an ODI between 38 and 59 demonstrated better outcomes with lumbar disc arthroplasty. Only 1 (20%) of 5 patients with a baseline ODI higher than 60 reported a good outcome. In contrast, 13 (87%) of 15 patients with an ODI between 38 and 59 showed a good outcome (p = 0.03). The negative predictive value of using ODI > 60 is 60% in patients who are determined to be candidates for lumbar arthroplasty. Conclusions Lumbar arthroplasty is very effective in some patients. Other patients do not improve after surgery. The baseline ODI results are predictive of outcome in patients selected for lumbar disc arthroplasty. A baseline ODI > 60 is predictive of poor outcome. A high ODI may be indicative of psychosocial overlay.

scholarly journals El Edificio B de Tell el-Ghaba como un caso de estudio para repensar la dinámica de la unidad doméstica en el Egipto antiguo

2019 ◽  
pp. 201-216
Author(s):  
Silvia Lupo ◽  
◽  
Eva A. Calomino ◽  
Agustina Scaro ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Eastern Border ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Tell el-Ghaba, located at the Egyptian Eastern border of the Nile Delta and close to the extinct Pelusiac branch of the Nile, is a settlement dated to the beginning of the Third Intermediate-early Saite periods. The pottery contexts and other finds recovered in Building B (Area I, Level IV) allow us to infer the relationship established between their residents and the domestic artifacts they handled on a daily basis. The idea of ‘multifunctionality’ is applied to the use of residential spaces, based on the presence of domestic contexts that point to the performance of a variety of activities. The activities within the room were intimately linked to internal social factors as well as to the relationship with outdoor space, both planned according to certain social expectations. This building would have been the residence of an extended family for several generations, as evidenced by several refurbishments. The ceramic group has been mainly associated with storage activities, consumption and preparation of food, conservation, and transport of liquid and solid substances. From these activities and the relationship of Building B’s inhabitants with the materiality with which they interacted on a daily basis, the social and economic dynamics that would have been established in this household is analysed.

Abstract WP349: Feeding Status After Stroke and Effect of Glyceryl Trinitrate: Data From the Efficacy of Nitric Oxide in Stroke (ENOS) Trial

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Woodhouse ◽  
Shaheen Hamdy ◽  
David Smithard ◽  
David Cohen ◽  
Nikola Sprigg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glyceryl Trinitrate ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube ◽  
Endoscopic Gastrostomy ◽  
Soft Diet ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Post-stroke dysphagia is common, associated with poor outcome, and patients often require non-oral feeding/fluids. The relationship of feeding status on outcome, and treatment with transdermal glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) was studied in the ENOS trial. Methods: ENOS assessed GTN (5 mg vs none for 7 days) in 4,011 patients with acute stroke and high blood pressure. Feeding status (oral = normal diet, soft diet; non-oral = nasogastric tube, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube, parenteral fluids, none) was assessed at baseline and day 7. The primary outcome was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) measured at day 90. Analyses of outcomes were adjusted for baseline covariates. †2p<0.001. Results: In comparison with oral feeding, non-oral patients (N=1331, 33.2%) were older (73.9 vs 68.5 years†), more likely to be female (47.3 v 40.4%†) and had more severe stroke (Scandinavian Stroke Scale 24.6 v 38.3†). By day 7, 56.8% patients had improved from non-oral to oral feeding, and 4.4% had deteriorated. Non-oral feeding at baseline was associated with more impairment at day 7 (SSS 29.0 v 43.7†), and higher mRS 4.0 (1.7) v 2.7 (1.6)†) and death (23.6% v 6.8%†) at day 90. Although GTN did not modify feeding status overall, randomisation to GTN <6 hours of stroke was associated with a significant shift to improved feeding status at day 7 (OR=0.61, 95% CI 0.38-0.98). Conclusions: Non-oral feeding status is common in acute stroke and associated with more impairment, dependency and death. Very early administration of GTN improved feeding status, a finding that requires further testing.

PENGARUH FAKTOR SOSIAL, PRIBADI, DAN PSIKOLOGIS TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN TIKET TEATER JKT48 DENGAN BRAND LOVE SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-422
Author(s):  
Margaretha Margaretha ◽  
Donant Alananto Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Brand Love ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Sales Strategy ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this research is to understand the influence of social, personal, and psychological factors towards purchase decision of JKT48 Theater’s Tickets. Data were collected from 126 fans of JKT48 in DKI Jakarta who have bought tickets three times or more. The result of this research shows that psychological factors significantly influence the purchase decision. Brand love moderates the relationship of all independent variables with the dependent variables. The existence of brand love as a moderating variable will weaken the influence of social factors on purchasing decisions.  The implications of this research can be a reference for the management team in formulating JKT48 Theater’s Tickets sales strategy related to social, personal, and psychological factors. Keywords: social,brand love, purchase decision

scholarly journals Data Resource Profile: The ALSPAC birth cohort as a platform to study the relationship of environment and health and social factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1038-1039k ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Boyd ◽  
Richard Thomas ◽  
Anna L Hansell ◽  
John Gulliver ◽  
Lucy Mary Hicks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Data Resource ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Hope and Humor: Using the Hope Scale in Outcome Studies

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 1014-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy G. Westburg
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Outcome Studies ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Planning Strategies ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cognitive Construct ◽  
Component Scores

Hope has been identified as a factor measured by the Hope Scale to evaluate effectiveness of treatment in outcome studies. Hope is defined as a goal-oriented cognitive construct comprised of two components, (a) the Pathways component is the individual's sense of planning strategies to reach goals and (b) the Agency component is the individual's determination to implement these goal-focused strategies. Using a Solomon Four-Group design, the relationship of the Hope Scale pretest to the posttest scores was evaluated. This study also explored the use of humor (a source of hope) in elevating total Hope Scale scores, the Agency component scores, and the Pathways component scores. 80 undergraduate students (57 women, 23 men) were ran domly assigned to one of four groups. Analysis indicated that administering the Hope Scale prior to treatment was not significantly associated with posttest scores, and the one-time 15-min. exposure to the humor intervention of reading Far Side comics was not sufficient to elevate scores on the Hope Scale.

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