Imaging of Hip Arthroplasties: Normal Findings and Hardware Complications

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 162-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Deshmukh ◽  
Imran Omar
Keyword(s):  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Hardware Complications ◽  
Imaging Surveillance ◽  
Line Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Component Displacement ◽  
Hip Arthroplasties

AbstractHip arthroplasty is a common and largely successful surgical procedure, often used for the treatment of advanced osteoarthritis. Imaging plays a key role in routine postoperative imaging surveillance as well as the evaluation of post-arthroplasty pain. Radiographs are the first-line imaging modality and may be followed by computed tomography (CT), ultrasound, and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recent advancements in imaging techniques allow for metal artifact reduction on CT and MRI. A variety of complications can arise in the setting of arthroplasty: mechanical loosening, component wear-induced synovitis and osteolysis, adverse local tissue reaction, infection, periprosthetic fracture, implant dislocation and/or component displacement, tendinopathy, and neurovascular injury. This article reviews normal and abnormal imaging findings of hip arthroplasty.

scholarly journals Imaging in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Hans Herfarth ◽  
Andreas G. Schreyer
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Magnetization Transfer ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Line Imaging ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Diagnostic imaging techniques play an important role in the diagnosis and management of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). The approach should be guided by considerations of diagnostic accuracy, concerns about patient exposure to ionizing radiation, local expertise and tolerance of the endoscopic and/or imaging technique. In regard to the clinical diagnostic value (sensitivity, specificity and accuracy), no significant differences exist between CT and MRI for the evaluation of the extent of inflammation, stricturing, penetrating disease or extraluminal complications such as abscesses. Due to the absence of radiation exposure, MRI of the intestine is recommended as the first-line imaging modality in patients with suspected or established IBD. The focus of this review is the latest developments in MRI techniques to detect IBDs. Specifically, the use of new indices for the grading of inflammation or assessing bowel damage as well as innovative experimental approaches such as diffusion-weighted imaging or magnetization-transfer MRI to evaluate and quantify the degree of intestinal inflammation and fibrosis in stricturing Crohn's disease are discussed.

Pulley, Flexor, and Extensor Tendon Injuries of the Hand

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 203-215
Author(s):  
Andrea B. Rosskopf ◽  
Mihra S. Taljanovic ◽  
Luca M. Sconfienza ◽  
Salvatore Gitto ◽  
Carlo Martinoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Extensor Tendon ◽  
Tendon Injuries ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
First Line ◽  
A2 Pulley ◽  
Dynamic Examination ◽  
Line Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Extensor Tendon Injuries

AbstractTendon injuries represent the second most common injury of the hand (after fractures) and are a common scanning indication in radiology. Pulley injuries are very frequent in rock climbers with the A2 pulley the most commonly affected. Tendon and pulley injuries can be reliably evaluated using ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). US can be postulated as a first-line imaging modality, allowing dynamic examination. MRI is essential for cases with ongoing diagnostic doubt post-US and also for preoperative pulley reconstruction assessment.

scholarly journals Orbital Subperiosteal Hematoma in the Newborn Causing Unilateral Proptosis: Ultrasound as First-Line Imaging Modality

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. e138-e143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia Angkasa ◽  
Leila Mohammadi ◽  
Deepa Taranath ◽  
Ajay Taranath ◽  
Marcus Brecht
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
First Line ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Line Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Unilateral Proptosis ◽  
Orbital Hematoma

Proptosis in the neonatal period is relatively infrequent and has diverse underlying etiologies. One of the more common causes appears to be orbital subperiosteal hematoma. Early detection, differentiation from other causes, and regular follow-up are essential as loss of vision can occur. We describe two cases of neonatal proptosis caused by orbital subperiosteal hematoma highlighting different diagnostic and management approaches, and provide a summary of previously reported cases. Spontaneous resolution occurs in most cases; however, emergent surgical evacuation is warranted in cases of optic nerve compression. This is the first report to provide orbital ultrasound images of uncomplicated neonatal orbital subperiosteal hematoma. Orbital ultrasound followed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valid nonradiation approach for assessing neonatal proptosis due to subperiosteal orbital hematoma.

Imaging in Nontraumatic Pediatric Head and Neck Emergencies

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 263-293
Author(s):  
Meghna Chadha ◽  
Zhiyun Yang ◽  
Shehanaz Ellika
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Emergency Setting ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
First Line ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Line Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Fascial Spaces

AbstractPediatric patients often present to the emergency department with a wide variety of infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic lesions of the head and neck. Evaluation of pediatric patients in the emergency setting is complicated by limited history and physical examination. Imaging plays an important role in arriving at an accurate diagnosis. The fascial spaces and compartments of the neck provide an approach to differential diagnosis, and knowledge of the typical clinical and imaging manifestations of common pediatric head and neck emergencies allows the radiologist to identify the condition and associated complications that may require emergent surgical management. Computed tomography (CT) is the first-line imaging modality in the emergency setting; however, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important secondary role.

scholarly journals A Rapidly Enlarging Solitary Infantile Myofibroma

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 608-612
Author(s):  
Stephany Vittitow ◽  
Merrick Kozak ◽  
Reza Daughtery ◽  
Barrett Zlotoff
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Infantile Myofibromatosis ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Line Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Infantile Myofibroma

Infantile myofibromatosis is a rare disorder of mesenchymal cell proliferation that can affect the skin, bone, muscle, and viscera. We present a case of a 6-week-old male with a rapidly enlarging congenital solitary infantile myofibroma. The differential for congenital tumors of the head and neck is broad, and thorough evaluation is required to rule out life-threatening malignancy. Currently, there is no first-line imaging modality of choice to assess for skeletal and/or visceral involvement in patients with infantile myofibromatosis. We recommend the use of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as it quickly provides detailed information regarding extent of disease and does not expose the patient to the harmful effects of radiation.  

scholarly journals Imaging Modalities in Gynecology

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raydeen M Busse
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
List Type ◽  
Imaging Procedures ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract Although ultrasound is the primary imaging modality for most gynecologic diagnoses and conditions, knowledge of other diagnostic imaging procedures is important to gynecologists, emergency room physicians and radiologists who care for women of all ages. Since the early 1960s when ultrasound was introduced for the use in obstetrics and gynecology, other imaging techniques have rapidly come into play due to the tremendous advances in computer technology and in the field of engineering. It behooves us to become familiar and knowledgeable about the differences in these imaging techniques in order to gather the most information in the shortest amount of time to care for patients in the most efficient and cost-effective way. This review is meant for the use of most practicing physicians that are exposed to common as well as uncommon gynecologic conditions; therefore the primary imaging modalities discussed in this paper are limited to ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Objectives Understanding of the strengths and limitations of ultrasound, MRI and CT Obtaining knowledge of when to apply the most appropriate imaging technique for a certain clinical situations

scholarly journals Rectal cancer staging using MRI: adherence in reporting to evidence-based practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1463-1472
Author(s):  
Gustav Alvfeldt ◽  
Peter Aspelin ◽  
Lennart Blomqvist ◽  
Nina Sellberg
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Anal Verge ◽  
Cancer Staging ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mri Staging ◽  
Line Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Local Lymph Node

Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the first-line imaging modality for local staging of rectal cancer. The radiology report should deliver all relevant available imaging information to guide treatment. Purpose To explore and describe if there was a gap between the contents in MRI reports for primary staging of rectal cancer in Sweden in 2010 compared to evidence-based practice. Material and Methods A total of 243 primary MRI staging reports from 2010, collected from 10 hospitals in four healthcare regions in Sweden, were analyzed using content analysis with a deductive thematic coding scheme based on evidence-based practice. Focus was on: (i) most frequently reported findings; (ii) correlation to key prognostic findings; and (iii) identifying if any findings being reported were beyond the information defined in evidence-based practice. Results Most frequently reported findings were spread through the bowel wall or not, local lymph node description, tumor length, and distance of tumor from anal verge. These items accounted for 35% of the reporting content. Of all reported content, 86% correlated with the evidence-based practice. However, these included more information than was generally found in the reports. When adjusting for omitted information, 48% of the reported content were accounted for. Of the reported content, 20% correlated to key pathological prognostic findings. Six types of findings were reported beyond the evidence-based practice, representing 14% of the total reporting content. Conclusion There was a gap between everyday practice and evidence-based practice in 2010. This indicates a need for national harmonization and implementation of standardized structured reporting templates.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Hydrocephalus in Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 189 (08) ◽  
pp. 728-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sönke Langner ◽  
Steffen Fleck ◽  
Jörg Baldauf ◽  
Birger Mensel ◽  
Jens Kühn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Increased Intracranial Pressure ◽  
First Line ◽  
Imaging Appearance ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Line Imaging ◽  
Pressure Imaging

Purpose Hydrocephalus is caused by an imbalance of production and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or obstruction of its pathways, resulting in ventricular dilatation and increased intracranial pressure. Imaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and planning of treatment. Methods This review article presents the different types of hydrocephalus und their typical imaging appearance, describes imaging techniques, and discusses differential diagnoses of the different forms of hydrocephalus. Results and Conclusion Imaging plays a central role in the diagnosis of hydrocephalus. While magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the first-line imaging modality, computed tomography (CT) is often the first-line imaging test in emergency patients. Key points  Citation Format

MRI and MRA Diagnosis of Intracranial Aneurysms

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 178-182
Author(s):  
Guang Qian Ji ◽  
Jun Wei ◽  
Yu Tian
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysm ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Line Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Arteries And Veins ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfalls

With the development of modern medical imaging technology, computer tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and other ways widely used, more and more intracranial aneurysms were diagnosed. In the imaging methods described above, MRI is a non-invasive diagnostic method for intracranial aneurysm which shows in detail the aneurysm and its relationship to the brain, and it has become first-line imaging techniques in assessment of the patient with suspected intracranial aneurysm. MRA can show the arteries and veins of the brain as well as the aneurysm. Nowadays, MRI and MRA are extensively used in the diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms, intracranial aneurysms after treatment and intracranial aneurysms inflammation. This review describes the advantages of MRI and MRA for diagnosis and describes diagnostic pitfalls.

scholarly journals Preoperative Localization for Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Clinical Review

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Donovan Tay ◽  
Jeeban P. Das ◽  
Randy Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Preoperative Localization ◽  
First Line ◽  
4D Ct ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Line Setting

With increasing use of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (PTx) over traditional bilateral neck exploration in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), accurate preoperative localization has become more important to enable a successful surgical outcome. Traditional imaging techniques such as ultrasound (US) and sestamibi scintigraphy (MIBI) and newer techniques such as parathyroid four-dimension computed tomography (4D-CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are available for the clinician to detect the diseased gland(s) in the preoperative workup. Invasive parathyroid venous sampling may be useful in certain circumstances such as persistent or recurrent PHPT. We review the diagnostic performance of these imaging modalities in preoperative localization and discuss the advantages and weaknesses of these techniques. US and MIBI are established techniques commonly utilized as first-line modalities. 4D-CT has excellent diagnostic performance and is increasingly performed in first-line setting and as an adjunct to US and MIBI. PET and MRI are emerging adjunct modalities when localization has been equivocal or failed. Since no evidence-based guidelines are yet available for the optimal imaging strategy, clinicians should be familiar with the range and advancement of these techniques. Choice of imaging modality should be individualized to the patient with consideration for efficacy, expertise, and availability of such techniques in clinical practice.

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