scholarly journals An In Vitro Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Different Bleaching Agents on Marginal Integrity of Two Different Restorative Resin Materials: An Analysis by Confocal Laser Microscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Nitesh Goyal ◽  
Yogesh Kumar ◽  
Neetu Jindal ◽  
Renu Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Class V ◽  
Nanohybrid Composite

Abstract Introduction In our society, with the advances in cosmetic consciousness, well-aligned, properly contoured, white and clean teeth are a symbol of health and standard of beauty. Thus, tooth bleaching has become popular cosmetic therapy among patients and dentists. Microleakage is a major challenge to the success rate for all type of restorations. Materials and Methods Eighty maxillary human molars were collected and evaluated and Class V cavities 5×3×2 mm size were prepared with straight carbide bur (SS White) on the buccal and palatal surfaces at the cementoenamel junction of all the samples, so that the upper margin would be in enamel and lower margins on root surface. In total, 160 class V cavities were prepared on maxillary molars. Then samples were randomly divided into 3 groups (microfilled and nanohybrid composite resins and control group) and 3 subgroups (Pola Office, Whiteness HP Blue, Whiteness Perfect) according to the type of composite resins and bleaching agents used. After application of bleaching agents, all samples were immersed in a contrast solution of rhodamine B fluorescent dye for 24 hours. Then using a diamond disc samples were sectioned buccolingually through the center of the restorations and sectioned teeth were evaluated for marginal microleakage under confocal laser scanning microscope to check the extent of dye penetration. Results When all composite resin groups were compared with all the bleaching agents, at occlusal and gingival levels, lowest marginal leakage scores were obtained with the microfilled composite resin bleached with Whiteness HP blue, and in nanohybrid composite lowest microleakage score were obtained with Pola office bleach at both levels.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dental Composite Resin Interface and Adhesion Using Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-544
Author(s):  
Adrian Tudor Stan ◽  
Adrian Vaduva ◽  
Meda Lavinia Negrutiu ◽  
Cosmin Sinescu ◽  
Camelia Szuhanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Dental Composite ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Dental Composite Resin

The aim of the study was to evaluate and to compare the interface and marginal leakage of dental composite resins using confocal laser scanning biological microscopy (CM). Ten class II cavities were prepared on the proximal surfaces of 10 extracted teeth, previously kept in 10% formalin to preserve the bonding properties of the tooth structures. Cavities were restored with dental composite resin using the �open sandwich� technique and then assessed using CM. Open marginal adaptations at the interfaces inside the composite resins were identified. The results obtained with CM helped to eliminate and reduce the background information collected from a distance from the focal plane and allowed for the acquisition of serial optical sections from thick tooth specimens. In vitro assessments were thus made using CM on the teeth structure, regarding the occurrence of potential micro-leakages at the restoration interface.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Mature Staphylococcus Biofilms to Chinese Herbal Decoction Sanhuang Jiedu: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Shaoe Zhang ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Xiaotao Shi ◽  
Honglue Tan ◽  
Himanshu Garg
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Titanium Surfaces

Background. External socking and washing with the Chinese herbal Sanhuang Jiedu decoction (SHJD) can effectively control local limb infections with bone and implant exposure. However, the antibiofilm activities of this decoction in vitro have not yet been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effects and characteristics of SHJD on the mature biofilms of multidrug-resistant staphylococci on a titanium surface. Methods. Biofilm-forming methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 and S. aureus ATCC 43330, and non-biofilm-forming S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 were selected as the experimental strains. The mature biofilms were prepared on titanium surfaces. The five experimental groups were based on dilution concentrations (DC) of SHJD: the control group (biofilm incubated with 0.85% NaCl solution), the SHJD (DC:1/8) group (initial SHJD solution was diluted 1/8), the SHJD (DC:1/4) group, the SHJD (DC:1/2) group, and the SHJD (DC:1/1) group (initial SHJD solution). The effects of SHJD on the mature biofilms were observed with the bacterial spread plate method, crystal violet (CV) staining, scanning electron microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results. After culture in tryptic soy broth for 72 h, ATCC 43300 and ATCC 35984 produced mature biofilms and ATCC 12228 did not. The optical density value of ATCC 12228 was 0.11 ± 0.02 , significantly lower than that of ATCC 35984 ( 0.42 ± 0.05 ) or ATCC 43300 ( 0.41 ± 0.03 ) ( P < 0.05 ). The mature biofilms of ATCC 43300 and ATCC 35984 clearly disintegrated when incubated for 12–24 h with SHJD (DC:1/1) or SHJD (DC:1/2), showing only scattered bacterial adhesion. In the SHJD (DC:1/4) group, although many residual bacterial colonies still clustered together, presenting a biofilm structure, it was very looser than that in the SHJD (DC:1/8) group in which the biofilm was similar to that in the control group. For ATCC 12228, only colony adhesion was observed, and the number of colonies decreased as the concentration of SHJD or the culture period increased. The quantitative results for the bacterial spread plate and CV staining showed significant differences between the SHJD groups ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. SHJD has antibiofilm activity against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus strains. It weakens or disrupts already-formed mature biofilms on titanium surfaces in a concentration- and incubation time-dependent manner.

131 APOPTOSIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF IN VITRO-PRODUCED BOVINE EMBRYOS EXPOSED TO SUPRAPHYSIOLOGICAL CONCENTRATIONS OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-1 (IGF-1)

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
M. A. Velazquez ◽  
H. Niemann
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Bovine Embryos

It has been hypothesized that high non-physiological IGF-1 levels are partially responsible for the recurrent pregnancy loss observed in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (Eng GS et al. 2007 Diabetes 56, 2228–2234). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supraphysiological concentrations of IGF-1 on blastocyst production and the occurrence of apoptosis in bovine embryos, which are a good model for human embryo development (Baumann CG et al. 2007 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 74, 1345–1353). COC obtained by slicing from abattoir ovaries were matured (TCM-199, Sigma) for 24 h and fertilized (Fert-TALP) for 18 h (Day 0) in vitro. Two different IGF-1 (Recombinant human IGF-1, R&D Systems GmbH, Wiesbaden, Germany) concentrations (supraphysiological = 1000 ng mL–1 and physiological = 100 ng mL–1) were added to the culture media (Synthetic oviduct fluid/BSA) and compared with a control group (no IGF-1 supplementation). On Day 8, blastocyst rates (22 replicates) were recorded and DNA degradation was detected in blastocyst nuclei using a cell death detection kit (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) based on the terminal deoxinucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) principle. Embryos (n = 27 [control], n = 29 [both IGF-1 groups]) from 4 replicates were examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and the Fisher exact test using the SigmaStat 2.0 software package (Jandel Scientific, San Rafael, CA). Cleavage was numerically improved by both, 1000 (59.1 ± 1.8) and 100 (58.2 ± 2.8) ng IGF-1 over controls (53.5 ± 2.2), but the differences did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.22). The proportion of hatched blastocysts was enhanced by 100 (5.8 ± 1.0, P = 0.03) and 1000 (5.1 ± 0.7, P = 0.03) ng IGF-1 compared to controls (2.8 ± 0.6). Total blastocyst rate was increased by 100 ng IGF-1 (34.4 ± 1.9, P = 0.02) over controls (28.3 ± 1.7), but not by 1000 ng IGF-1 (29.1 ± 1.6 P = 0.75). The 100 ng IGF-1 group (38.5 ± 3.7) had fewer degenerated embryos (P = 0.01) compared to 1000 ng IGF-1 (49.7 ± 3.3). The proportion of embryos displaying at least one apoptotic cell was greater in the 1000 ng IGF-1 group over controls (96% v. 77% P = 0.04). The number of blastomeres with TUNEL-positive nuclei per embryo was higher in the supraphysiological group (5.5 ± 0.6, P < 0.001) compared with the control (2.3 ± 0.4) and the physiological group (2.5 ± 0.3). There were no significant differences between the control and the 100 ng IGF-1 group in this regard (P = 0.49). In conclusion, supraphysiological concentrations of IGF-1 do not increase blastocyst production but increase levels of apoptosis in bovine embryos produced in vitro. M. A. V. is in the PhD program of the University of Veterinary medicine, Hannover, Germany, and is supported by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)

scholarly journals Effect of thermal cycling and filling technique on leakage of composite resin restorations

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Kenshima ◽  
Rosa Helena Miranda Grande ◽  
Julio da Motta Singer ◽  
Rafael Yagüe Ballester
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Cycling ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Class V ◽  
Composite Resin Restorations ◽  
Nail Varnish

The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect on leakage of two incremental filling techniques and two composite resins with different elastic modulus and similar polymerization shrinkage. Eighty Class V cavities (4x4x2mm) were prepared in bovine incisors and were randomly restored with Z-250 (Z) or Durafill VS (D) + Single Bond in axial (a) or oblique (o) increments. The restorations were divided into two groups: Not Aged - N (4-hour-storage in water at 37ºC) and Aged - A (1-week storage in water at 37ºC + 1000 x - 5º-55ºC / 1-min dwell time). The specimens were covered with 2 coats of nail varnish so that only the restoration margins were exposed to silver nitrate 50% (2h) and developed under fluorescent light (8h). After they were sectioned twice in buccal-lingual direction, the four exposed surfaces were digitized (Vidcap) and the silver nitrate penetration was measured (ImageLab) at the incisal and gingival walls. Data were analyzed by a 3-way ANOVA (Resin, Filling Technique and Aging) separately for incisal and gingival walls (alpha=0.05). Resin and Aging were statistically significant either for the incisal and the gingival walls. The microfill composite resin infiltrated more than the hybrid composite. The thermal cycling caused an overall increase in silver nitrate penetration. The filling technique affected leakage depending on the composite resin and aging regimen.

scholarly journals The Effect of A2E On The Levels of ROS and The Distribution of A2E in RPE Cells Exposed to Blue Light

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maomei Luo ◽  
Chun Zeng ◽  
Shu Wang ◽  
Shanjun Cai
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Light Group

Abstract AimsTo establish the N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine(A2E) and blue light induced RPE cells damage model to explore the regularity of distribution of A2E and the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS).MethodsThe fourth to sixth generation of human RPE cells in vitro were divided into five groups randomly: control group, blue light group, A2E-loaded group, A2E-loaed+blue light group and A2E-loaded+blue light +nifedipine group. The levels of ROS in cytoplasm by DCFH-DA staining was assayed by flow cytometry. The concentration of A2E in cytoplasm and lysosomes were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The fluorescence intensity of A2E in lysosomes by Lysotracker redDND-99 staining was assayed by confocal laser scanning microscope. ResultsExposure to blue light and/or A2E could increase the levels of ROS in RPE cells, and nifedipine could inhibit oxidative stress response and reduce ROS levels. By HPLC-MS, it was found that A2E was not detected in the groups without load A2E, and A2E levels in cytoplasm and lysosomes decreased after light exposure. The green fluorescence produced by A2E loaded on RPE cells was mostly coincident with the red fluorescence labeled by lysosomes.ConclusionBlue light and A2E can increase the ROS levels of RPE cells and both have a synergistic effect. A2E is mainly concentrated in lysosomes, which is reduced by oxidation under blue light irradiation, damages lysosomal membrane with oxidized species of A2E, and leaks out from lysosomes.

scholarly journals Effects of cigarette smoking on the growth of Streptococcus mutans biofilms: an in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Han
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Control Group

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the differences in growth and virulence (EPSs and acidogenicity) of Streptococcus mutans biofilms (S. mutans) according to the different times of cigarette smoking (CS) treatment. S. mutans biofilms (74-hour-old) were formed on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite disks. The biofilms were treated with CS at different times per day (one time, three times, and six times/day). The control group did not receive CS treatment. Acidogenicity, dry weight, colony-forming units, water-soluble/insoluble extracellular polysaccharides, and intracellular polysaccharides were analyzed and confocal laser scanning microscopy images were obtained of the 74-h-old biofilms. The 74-h-old biofilms on sHA discs in the 6 times/day CS treatment group showed the lowest biofilm accumulation and extracellular polysaccharide amount compared with the control group and other CS treatment groups. In the CLSM study, the biofilms in the six times/day CS treatment group also showed the lowest bacterial count (live and dead cells) and EPS biovolume. CS has an obvious inhibition on the growth of S. mutans biofilms, the degree of inhibition is proportional to the number of CS treatments.

scholarly journals Curcumin induces apoptosis in trophoblast model cell line

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatit Nurseta ◽  
Yahya Irwanto ◽  
I W.A. Wiyasa ◽  
Rahajeng Rahajeng ◽  
Imelda Imelda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Hydatidiform Mole ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trophoblast Cells ◽  
Enos Expression

Background: Several studies have reported that curcumin exerts chemopreventive effects in various type of cancers, through several mechanisms, however, the effect of curcumin on carcinogenesis in patients with hydatidiform mole has not yet been investigated. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of curcumin on apoptosis, proliferation, and nuclear translocation of endothelial nitricoxide synthase in trophoblast cells induced by estradiol in complete hydatidiform mole (CHM).Methods: In this in vitro study, trophoblast cells were divided into six groups, the control group (trophoblast cells were exposed to 100 pg/mL of 17-β estradiol) and the treatment group (trophoblast cells were exposed to 100 pg/mL of 17-β estradiol in the presence of curcumin with doses: 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 µM). At the end of study, the cell proliferation was analyzed using MTT assay and apoptosis with TUNEL test in each group thropoblast cell. eNOS translocation was assayed using confocal laser scanning microscopy at the various dose of curcumin.Results: Curcumin at the doses of 200, 400, and 800 µM significantly decreased the proliferation and increased the apoptotic index in curcumin-treated group compared to those in the control group (p<0.05). All doses of curcumin treatment significantly decreased the nuclear eNOS expression compared to that in the control group. The three highest doses of curcumin increased cytoplasmic eNOS expression compared to that in control group.Conclusion: Curcumin inhibits the proliferation and modulates the apoptosis of trophoblast cells induced by estradiol in CHM involvement.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Research Study on the Cytotoxicity of Expired and Non-expired Composite Resins: In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 227-238
Author(s):  
Magrur Kazak DDS, PhD ◽  
Nazmiye Donmez DDS, PhD ◽  
Fatemeh Bahadori PhD ◽  
Vildan Betul Yenigun PhD ◽  
Abdurrahim Kocyigit MD, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preliminary Research

Objective: Studies have focused on use of non-expired composites. Unfortunately some clinicians still use expired composite resins without considering their effects. The objective of this in vitro preliminary research was to investigate cytotoxicity of expired(6-months) and non-expired composite resins. Materials and methods: Expired (E) and non-expired (NE) samples of one bulk-fill (Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-fill [TNB], Ivoclar Vivadent), two nano-hybrid (Tetric N-Ceram [TN], Ivoclar Vivadent; Clearfil Majesty ES-2 [CM], Kuraray) composite resins were tested on L929 fibroblast cells. Medium covering cells was removed then plastic rings (2-mm height) were filled with non-polymerized composite resins, placed in direct contact with cells and polymerized with LED light curing unit (LCU). Three samples were prepared for each group. After polymerization, removed medium was added to the cells. Cells that were left without medium (WOM) and cells that were exposed to LCU were used as positive control groups. Cells without any treatment were used as negative control group (C). Cells were incubated with tested materials for 7-days to evaluate cytotoxicity. Cell viability was calculated by sulforhodamine B test as a percentage (%). One-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey tests were used for statistical analyses (p<0.05). Results: Comparison between E and NE groups of same composite resins did not result in statistically significant differences (p>0.05), except between TN NE and TN E (p<0.05). TN E group was significantly more cytotoxic than TN NE group. When NE composite resin groups were compared to each other, statistically significant difference was only obtained between TNB NE and TN NE (p<0.05). Among all tested groups, TN NE group showed the least cytotoxic profile. No statistically significant differences were determined when E composite resin groups were compared to each other (p>0.05). All experimental groups compared with C group showed statistically significant cytotoxicity (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference existed between LCU and C groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: In clinical practice, expired composite resins should never be used. Although a correlation was found between expiration dates of nano-hybrid composite resins and cell viability, opposite data were obtained for bulk-fill composite resin. Researches are still required to evaluate biocompatibility of bulk-fill composite resins at various thicknesses with current LCUs.

scholarly journals Bond Strength Evaluation of Bulk- fill Composites to Dentin Under Different Surface Treatments

2020 ◽  
pp. 194-207
Author(s):  
Kazım Bas ◽  
Ebru Uslu Cender
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the shear bond strength of three high-viscosity bulk-fill composite resins applied as single layers of 4mm thickness and of one microhybrid composite resin applied incrementally with a thickness of 2mm on dentin surfaces prepared with different surface preparation methods. Materials and Methods: A total of 132 caries-free human molars whose dentines had been exposed were used. Three groups, each containing 44 teeth, were formed. The acid group was etched with 32% phosphoric acid; laser group was etched with Er, Cr; YSGG laser and the control group was prepared with silicon carbid paper. Following the application of bonding agent, composite resin materials were applied on teeth using teflon moulds of 4x4mm. The samples were then subjected to shear bond strength tests. Two-way variance analysis and Tukey HSD multiple comparison test were applied on collected data. Results: There was a significant difference between surface treatment methods used regarding shear bond strength (P<0.001). The highest shear bond strength values were detected in the “Acid” group while the lowest shear bond strength values were detected in the “control” group. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference among composite resins (P>0.05). Conclusions: Laser etching of the dentin tissues is not as effective as acid etching. Bulk-fill composites had similar effects compared with conventional composite resins with regard to bonding strength. More in vitro studies supported with clinical data are required to investigate the performance of bulk-fill composites and laser.

Comparative Evaluation of Solubilities of Two Nanohybrid Composite Resins in Saliva Substitute and Distilled Water: An in vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranjal S Walzade ◽  
Sumanthini MV ◽  
Vanitha U Shenoy ◽  
Rohini P Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
P Value ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Saliva Substitute ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nanohybrid Composite

ABSTRACT Aim of the study To determine the solubility of nanohybrid (NH) composite resins when immersed in saliva substitute and distilled water. Materials and methods A total of 60 disc-shaped samples (n = 30) were prepared in teflon molds of diameter 10 mm × 2 mm thickness from two NH composite resins. They were light-cured following which the samples were removed and weighed three times using a digital balance. Samples were then immersed in test solutions, i.e., 100 mL of distilled water and saliva substitute each stored for 24 hours and 7, 14, 21, and 28 days in an incubator at 37°C at 100% humidity. At the time intervals mentioned, the samples were removed from the incubator, washed with distilled water, blotted dry, and weighed. Samples were again immersed in fresh test solutions. Difference in preweight and postweight of samples was calculated and data were analyzed using appropriate test by testing normality. A p-value < 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results The results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). As observed from the baseline weight to the 28th day weight, there was a loss of weight of the samples in all the groups except NH composite resin (Flash) in distilled water. Conclusion From the results of the study, it was observed that there was no statistically significant difference in weight, with respect to the solubility of the two NH composite resins and the two solutions tested. Clinical significance of the study is that the NH composite resin that shows lesser solubility can be the choice for an esthetic restorative material in patients for long-term results. How to cite this article Mahajan RP, Shenoy VU, Sumanthini MV, Walzade PS. Comparative Evaluation of Solubilities of Two Nanohybrid Composite Resins in Saliva Substitute and Distilled Water: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):82-85.

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