scholarly journals Determining the Effectivity of Infrared Distance to Eliminate Dental Pain Due to Pulpitis and Periodontitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 360-365
Author(s):  
Silvia Anitasari ◽  
Deasy E. Wahab ◽  
Barlianta Barlianta ◽  
Hendrik S. Budi
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Scale Reduction ◽  
Infrared Rays ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Signed Rank Test

Abstract Objective The infrared rays is one of the treatments to relief of dental pain due to pulpitis or periodontitis. The ability of infrared to increase the pain threshold which make eliminating P substance on the inflammation area and inducing Aβ and Aδ fibers to activate γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) and neuropeptides to decrease the pain. Hence, reducing or eliminating dental pain. This study to get information about effectively distance between patients and infrared rays which can reduce or eliminate dental pain. Materials and Methods The explorative experimental research to determine the effectivity of the infrared rays’ distance: 45, 55, and 55 cm in reducing or eliminating dental pain. The material of infrared was tungsten with luminous light and the time for the lighting was 15 minutes. Statistical Analysis The data were obtained and analyzed using Wilcoxon’s signed rank test and Kruskal–Wallis test (α= 0.05). Results  There were influenced of the infrared rays to reduce the dental pain as follow, distance 45 cm (p = 0.007), distance 55 cm (p = 0.026), and distance 65 cm (p = 0.007). The average scale reduction for distance 45 cm was 2.23 ± 0.83, the distance 55 cm was 3.33 ± 0.87, and the distance 65 cm was (1.78 ± 0.83). Therefore, according to Kruskal–Wallis test with p = 0.004 (p < 0.05) showed the significant difference between the scale to decrease of dental pain was the distance of 55. Conclusion Infrared rays located at a distance of 55 cm from patients might be more effective in relieving dental pain, compared with other distances tested.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Picture Story Books Reading to Increase Kindness in Children Aged 5-6 Years

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giyati Retnowati ◽  
Rose Mini Agoes Salim ◽  
Airin Y Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Test Score ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Storybook Reading ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test

This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of picture in storybook reading to increase kindness in children. This research involved 31 children aged 5-6 years; they were taken from the kindergarten in Bandung as the participants. The intervention was done by reading eight picture books in eight days. The kindness was measured using a measurement instrument created by the researcher, in the form of nine coloured cards that described the behaviour of kindness. The measurement was also done by seeing through the kindness tree and observation sheets that filled out by the teacher. The data analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed-rank test shows a significant difference in the average score of kindness (p<0,05) before and after picture storybook reading. Two weeks after the intervention, the improvement on all kindness behaviours with the post-test score is greater than pre-test score that still can be found. Observation through kindness tree and observational sheets shows the same result.

A Measure to Detect Sleep Onset Using Statistical Analysis of Spike Rhythmicity

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. Purnima ◽  
N. Sriraam ◽  
U. Krishnaswamy ◽  
K. Radhika
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sleep State ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Plot Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Impact

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals derived from polysomnography recordings play an important role in assessing the physiological and behavioral changes during onset of sleep. This paper suggests a spike rhythmicity based feature for discriminating the wake and sleep state. The polysomnography recordings are segmented into 1 second EEG patterns to ensure stationarity of the signal and four windowing scheme overlaps (0%, 50%, 60% and 75%)of EEG pattern are introduced to study the influence of the pre-processing procedure. The application of spike rhythmicity feature helps to estimate the number of spikes from the given pattern with a threshold of 25%.Then non parametric statistical analysis using Wilcoxon signed rank test is introduced to evaluate the impact of statistical measures such as mean, standard deviation, p-value and box-plot analysis under various conditions .The statistical test shows significant difference between wake and sleep with p<0.005 for the applied feature, thus demonstrating the efficiency of simple thresholding in distinguishing sleep and wake stage .

Orthodontic Treatment Planning: Do Orthodontists Treat to Cephalometric Norms?

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid M. Al-Balkhi
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Paired T Test

Abstract Cephalometric norms are important to orthodontists in their diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of orthodontic treatment outcomes. The purpose of the present study is to establish if orthodontists treat and finish their cases to the cephalometric means or norms. Pre- and post-cephalometric radiographs and dental casts of 35 orthodontically treated cases were analyzed. The Kappa test, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, Paired t- test, and Z-test were used for the statistical analysis of the data. The result revealed that orthodontists do not reach the cephalometric mean values post-treatment. However, sagittal maxillomandibular relationship and interlabial gap are the main areas of improvements. This leads to improvement of soft tissue esthetics by camouflaging the skeletal and dental relationship. Citation Al-Balkhi KM. Orthodontic Treatment Planning: Do Orthodontists Treat to Cephalometric Norms? J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 November;(4)4:012-027.

scholarly journals Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Keuangan Bank Umum BUMN Dan Bank Umum Swasta Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2011 - 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Hotman Fredy ◽  
Yetty Murni ◽  
Muhidin
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Private Bank ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Private Banks ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Government

The purpose of this research is to determine whether there are significant differences in the CAR, NPL, ROA, ROE, NIM, BOPO, and LDR between government bank compared to private banks in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) the periode of 2011-2015. Method of sample selection was done by purposive sampling, the samples obtained from government banks such as BNI, BRI, BTN, and Mandiri bank, while from private banks such as BCA, CIMB Niaga, Danamon, and Permata bank. Data analysis methods is hypothesis testing using two different test mean (paired sample t-test) and wilcoxon signed rank test. The results showed that the financial performance of the ratio for CAR, NPL, ROA, NIM, BOPO, and LDR there is no significant difference between the government banks and private bank. While the financial performance of the ROE ratio there are significant differences between the government banks and private banks

scholarly journals SHARE VALUE DIFFERENCES PT. KIMIA FARMA TBK TOWARDS THE ACQUISITION OF SHARE EVENTS IN PT. PHAPROS TBK

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
Revi Candra ◽  
Elmiliyani Wahyuni-S ◽  
Nailatul Hanifah
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Book Value ◽  
Value Differences ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

TThis study aims to determine whether there is a difference in the value of the shares of PT. Kimia Farma Tbk. after the acquisition of PT. Phapros Tbk. The data used is the value of shares consisting of book value, market value, and the intrinsic value of shares of PT. Kimia Farma Tbk, which was taken ten months before the acquisition of PT. Phapros Tbk. by PT Kimia Farma Tbk. This study is a comparative study with a quantitative descriptive approach, data analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The results of this study indicate that the book value of PT. Kimia Farma Tbk. which has a significant difference before and after the acquisition, while the indicators of the stock market value and the intrinsic value of PT. Kimia Farma Tbk. does not have a significant difference before and after the acquisition event. 

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN PENGARUH MEDIA BUKU POP-UP DAN LEAFLET TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN MENARKE PADA ANAK PEREMPUAN PUBERTAS AWAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Khairun Nisa’ Dewi ◽  
Rize Budi Amalia ◽  
Budi Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Book Group

Abstrak Latar Belakang :Menarke merupakan kondisi fisiologis berupa menstruasi pertama yang dialami perempuan. Kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai menarke berdampak pada ketidaksiapan dalam menghadapi menarke.  Pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi dengan media yang sesuai dapat menjadi upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang menarke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan pengaruh pemberian media buku pop-up dan leaflet terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan tentang menarke pada anak perempuan usia pubertas awal. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis kuasi experimental dengan pendekatan pretest-post test control group design. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 44 anak perempuan usia pubertas awal yang terbagi kedalam kelompok dengan intervensi media buku pop-up dan kelompok dengan intervensi media leaflet. Pengukuran pengetahuan tentang menarke menggunakan kuesioner pre-test dan post-test. Hasil: Uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test data pretest-postest pengetahuan pada kelompok yang diberi media leaflet (p=0,001) dan pretest-postest kelompok yang diberi media leaflet (p=0,001). Uji Mann Whitney U-Test data postest kelompok buku pop-up dan kelompok leaflet (p=0.002) (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan: Buku pop-up merupakan media yang lebih efektif dari leaflet untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang menarke pada anak perempuan usia pubertas awal .Abstract Background: Menarche is physiological condition, the first menstruation that happen to women. Lack of knowledge can lead to unreadiness menstrual behaviour. Menstrual education by using visual media can be useful to increase menarche knowlede. This study aims to compare educational media of pop-up book and leaflet to increasing knowledge about menarche. Methods: The type of research was quasi experiment using pretest-posttest group design. The samples taken from 44 female students of SDN Banjarejo I dan II Bojonegoro. Samples consisting of 22 students as leaflet group  and 22 students as pop-up book group. Method of measuring knowledge using pretest and postest questionnaire. Result: Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test indicate there was significant difference between pretest-posttest leaflet group (p=0,001) and pretest-postest pop-up book group (p=0,001). The result of Mann Whitney U-Test indicate there was significant difference of knowledge (p=0,002) beetween postest leaflet group and postest pop-up book group. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study was the pop-up book was found more effective than leaflet in improving menarche knowledge

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of a new frugal binocular indirect ophthalmoscope

Eye ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obaid Kousha ◽  
Sharma Ganesananthan ◽  
Bayan Shahin ◽  
John Ellis ◽  
Andrew Blaikie
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Design Characteristic ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Indirect Ophthalmoscope

Abstract Objectives We compare the optical quality and design characteristic a new low cost solar powered binocular indirect ophthalmoscope (BIO), Holo, to Keeler BIO. Methods Twenty-four participants each examined 10 simulation eyes using both the Holo and the Keeler BIO with a 30-diopter condensing lens. Number of Lea symbols printed on the retina of simulation eyes seen and time taken to identify them was recorded. Stereoacuity of 12 participants was tested while using the BIOs. Using 7-point Likert scale, participants gave feedback on design characteristic of both BIOs. Results There was no statistical difference in number of Lea symbols correctly identified (15.63/20 for Holo vs. 15/20 for Keeler BIO, p = 0.366, paired t test) or time taken to correctly identify each symbol (Holo 0.39 s faster; 95% confidence interval −2.24 to 3.03 s, p = 0.763) using each device. 12 out of 12 participants achieved stereoacuity of 60 arcsec using the Holo while with the Keeler BIO 11 achieved 60 arcsec and one 90 arcsec. There was no statistically significant difference in the scores for clarity of view, quality of illumination, field of view, binocularity, eye strain and robustness between the two devices. The Holo, scored higher for ease of use (6.5 vs. 6, p = 0.00488, Wilcoxon signed-rank test), comfort of wear (6 vs. 5, p = 0.000337) and portability (7 vs. 6, p = 0.000148). Conclusion The Holo has the potential to be a clinically useful yet affordable diagnostic tool suitable for the first time of equipping eye care workers in low resource settings with a BIO at volume.

scholarly journals Switching from Intravitreal Ranibizumab to Bevacizumab for Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kisaburo Yamada ◽  
Kenichi Kimoto ◽  
Hirofumi Kono ◽  
Toshiaki Kubota
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Intravitreal Bevacizumab ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Intravitreal Ranibizumab ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Ranibizumab Treatment

Purpose. To report our experiences in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) treated initially with intravitreal ranibizumab and then switched to bevacizumab. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 7 patients (7 eyes) who were treated with monthly injections of intravitreal ranibizumab and then switched to injections of bevacizumab (every 6 weeks) for six months. The best-corrected visual acuity measurements (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed at the baseline examination and then at each visit. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for the statistical analysis. Results. Following three monthly ranibizumab treatments, there was no significant difference in the BCVA, while the foveal retinal thickness (FRT) significantly decreased (). Switching from ranibizumab to bevacizumab resulted in maintenance (57.2%) of the BCVA and a further decrease in the FRT () after 6 months. Conclusions. Switching to intravitreal bevacizumab may be effective in patients who wish to discontinue intravitreal ranibizumab treatment due to the high cost.

scholarly journals Terapi Kognitif Perilaku untuk Menurunkan Potensi Kekambuhan pada Narapidana Mantan Pecandu Narkoba

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Krishna Ratna Sari ◽  
Hamidah Hamidah ◽  
Adijanti Marheni
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test

Peredaran narkoba tidak hanya terjadi di berbagai tempat umum, namun juga di dalam suatu lembaga pemasyarakatan. Bagi narapidana yang merupakan mantan pecandu narkoba di lembaga pemasyarakatan, hal ini dapat mempengaruhi potensi mengalami kekambuhan yang menjadi semakin tinggi. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan potensi mengalami kekambuhan adalah dengan pemberian terapi kognitif perilaku. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguji efektivitas terapi kognitif perilaku untuk menurunkan potensi kekambuhan pada narapidana mantan pecandu narkoba di salah satu lembaga pemasyarakatan di Bali. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif ekperimen dengan one group pretest-posttest design. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah pusposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji beda Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai negative ranks = 3 dengan nilai Z= -1.604 dan Asymp. Sig. = 0.109 (p>0.05). Hal ini berarti tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan potensi kekambuhan narapidana mantan pecandu narkoba di lembaga pemasyarakatan sebelum dan setelah diberikan terapi kognitif perilaku. Meskipun begitu, angka negative ranks menunjukkan bahwa seluruh skor posttest lebih rendah dari skor pretest sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terapi kognitif perilaku dapat menurunkan potensi kekambuhan pada narapidana mantan pecandu narkoba di lembaga pemasyarakatan.  Drug trafficking not only occurs in various public places but also in prison. For the former drug addicts prisoners, this can affect the potential of relapse to become even higher. One effort to reduce the potential of relapse is by giving cognitive behavioral therapy. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of cognitive- behavioral therapy to reduce the potential of relapse in former drug addicts at one of the prisons in Bali. This study uses quantitative methods with one group pretest-posttest design. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The results showed the value of negative ranks = 3 with Z values = -1.604 and Asymp. Sig. = 0.109 (p> 0.05). It means there is no significant difference in the potential relapse of the former drug addicts prisoners before and after cognitive-behavioral therapy program. However, negative ranks score indicates that all of the posttest scores are lower than the pretest score. So it can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral therapy can reduce the potential of relapse in former drug addicts prisoners.

scholarly journals 3488 A comparison between the Rolling 6 and 3+3 dose escalation study designs for phase 1 clinical trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 30-31
Author(s):  
Charles Gene Minard ◽  
Rachel Rau ◽  
Susan Hilsenbeck ◽  
Brenda J. Weigel ◽  
Elizabeth Fox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Dose Escalation ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Dose Escalation Study ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Study Designs

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The development of new anti-cancer agents for children requires an inherently longer timeline than in adults. The 3+3 study design for Phase 1 dose escalation trials is commonly used to estimate the maximum tolerated dose and assess safety. The Rolling 6 study design was developed to shorten the study conduct timeline. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This study compares twenty Phase 1 COG Pilot and Phase 1 Consortium trials that employed the Rolling 6 design with hypothetical results under the assumption that a 3+3 design had been executed. The number of evaluable patients required to complete the study, number of DLTs, number of inevaluable patients, overall study duration, time suspended to enrollment (i.e., waiting for DLT evaluation), and DLT risk are compared between study designs using Wilcoxon’s signed rank test. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The Rolling 6 study design required less time to complete the studies compared with 3+3 design (median 273 vs. 297 days, P = 0.01). In general, the Rolling 6 study design required more patients, had more inevaluable patients, and there were more dose limiting toxicity (DLT) events. However, there was no significant difference in DLT risk (median 0.15 vs. 0.17, P = 0.72). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The Rolling 6 study design effectively shortens the study conduct timeline compared with the traditional 3+3 design for Phase 1 COG Pilot and Phase 1 Consortium trials without increasing the risk of toxicity.

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