Effects of Advance Exposure to an Animated Surgery-Related Picture Book on Preoperative Anxiety and Anesthesia Induction in Preschool Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Our aim was to investigate whether early surgical preparation by reading an animated picture book about procedure-related events could reduce the preoperative anxiety in preschoolers.Methods: 131 patients, aged 3-6 years and underwent elective minor surgery were randomized either to a control or a picture book group. Both groups received general information about surgery and anesthesia in pre-anesthesia clinic. Patients in study group also received a surgery-depicting picture book for them to read at home a week earlier before surgery. Child anxiety was evaluated with the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale Short Form in six observing time points before anesthesia induction, and the compliance of anesthesia induction was assessed with the Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC).Results: There were significantly lower anxiety scores in picture book group than in control group at the time of ready for intravenous cannulation in operation room [51.9 (23.6) vs. 67.2 (22.0); P = 0.001] and at the time of pre-anesthesia visit [27.8 (7.6) vs. 33.2 (13.6); P = 0.018]. No significant differences of anxiety levels were found between two groups at other observed time points: in the anesthesia outpatient clinic, in the holding area, at separation from parent to operating room (OR), and on entrance to OR (P = 0.584, 0.335, 0.228, 0.137, respectively). The percentage of children with poor induction compliance (i.e., ICC ≥ 6) was higher in control group compared with that in picture book group (38% vs.21%, P = 0.041).Conclusions: Home-reading an animated picture book to get familiar with the perioperative events earlier prior to surgery could effectively reduce the preoperative anxiety level and increase the compliance during the induction of anesthesia in preschool children.Trial registration: ChiCTR2000033583, 06/06/2020 www.chictr.org.cn.

PERBEDAAN PENGARUH MEDIA BUKU POP-UP DAN LEAFLET TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN MENARKE PADA ANAK PEREMPUAN PUBERTAS AWAL

Abstrak Latar Belakang :Menarke merupakan kondisi fisiologis berupa menstruasi pertama yang dialami perempuan. Kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai menarke berdampak pada ketidaksiapan dalam menghadapi menarke. Pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi dengan media yang sesuai dapat menjadi upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang menarke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan pengaruh pemberian media buku pop-up dan leaflet terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan tentang menarke pada anak perempuan usia pubertas awal. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis kuasi experimental dengan pendekatan pretest-post test control group design. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 44 anak perempuan usia pubertas awal yang terbagi kedalam kelompok dengan intervensi media buku pop-up dan kelompok dengan intervensi media leaflet. Pengukuran pengetahuan tentang menarke menggunakan kuesioner pre-test dan post-test. Hasil: Uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test data pretest-postest pengetahuan pada kelompok yang diberi media leaflet (p=0,001) dan pretest-postest kelompok yang diberi media leaflet (p=0,001). Uji Mann Whitney U-Test data postest kelompok buku pop-up dan kelompok leaflet (p=0.002) (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan: Buku pop-up merupakan media yang lebih efektif dari leaflet untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang menarke pada anak perempuan usia pubertas awal .Abstract Background: Menarche is physiological condition, the first menstruation that happen to women. Lack of knowledge can lead to unreadiness menstrual behaviour. Menstrual education by using visual media can be useful to increase menarche knowlede. This study aims to compare educational media of pop-up book and leaflet to increasing knowledge about menarche. Methods: The type of research was quasi experiment using pretest-posttest group design. The samples taken from 44 female students of SDN Banjarejo I dan II Bojonegoro. Samples consisting of 22 students as leaflet group and 22 students as pop-up book group. Method of measuring knowledge using pretest and postest questionnaire. Result: Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test indicate there was significant difference between pretest-posttest leaflet group (p=0,001) and pretest-postest pop-up book group (p=0,001). The result of Mann Whitney U-Test indicate there was significant difference of knowledge (p=0,002) beetween postest leaflet group and postest pop-up book group. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study was the pop-up book was found more effective than leaflet in improving menarche knowledge

Through the Eyes of the Delusional Ones

Book review: Hanson, Victor Davis. The Case for Trump. New York: Hachette Book Group Inc., 2019. 355 pages. ISBN 978-5416-7353-3. Ebook. $16.81.

Do What You Want: The Story of Bad Religion, Bad Religion and Jim Ruland (2020)

Review of: Do What You Want: The Story of Bad Religion, Bad Religion and Jim Ruland (2020) New York: Hachette Book Group, 324 pp., ISBN 978-0-30692-222-0, h/bk, $28

PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU PRAKONSEPSI MELALUI EDUKASI SERIBU HARI PERTAMA KEHIDUPAN: STUDI KUASI-EKSPERIMENTAL Enhancing Knowledge and Attitude of Preconception Mother through the First Thousand Days of Life Education: a Quasi-Experimental Study

Stunting is one of nutritional problem in children which the manifestation started since preconception period. Sensitive intervention is a program outside the health sector that can accelerate the improvement of nutrition, especially stunting. The purpose of this study was to increase the knowledge and attitudes of the preconception period of women regarding the fi rst 1000 days of life in order to prevent stunting. This research was a quasi-experimental study with two intervention groups. The sample was registered women, consisted of 60 women who were given education on 1000 days of life using leafl et media and 60 women using pocket book. Education was carried out by offi cers at 6 Religious Aff airs Offi ce. Women knowledge in leafl et group showed no signifi cant diff erences before and after education, especially in topics of chronic energy defi ciency (p = 0.791), anemia (p = 0.503), early breastfeeding initiation (p = 0.581), exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.832), complementary feeding (p = 1.000), and stunting in children (p = 0.327). Among pocket book group, the increament of knowledge was better compared to leafl et group, especially in the topic of anemia (p <0.001), early breastfeeding initiation (p = 0.002), exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.021), and stunting in children (p = 0.05). Meanwhile, the increase in attitude for all educational materials using pocket books increased with p value <0.05. Conclusion of this study was the increase in knowledge and attitudes of preconception is better in the pocket book group.

PENGARUH PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN RISIKO TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN (STUDI PADA BANK UMUM KELOMPOK USAHA)

Risk management is part of a comprehensive business strategy with the aim of contributing to protecting and increasing shareholder value. An increase in stock value indicates an increase in stock returns obtained by investors. This study examines the effect of risk management implementation on bank stock returns as seen from the bank book group, namely bank book group 1, bank book group 2, bank book group 3 and bank book group 4. The application of risk management is seen from credit risk, liquidity risk, risk. operational and market risk. The research was conducted on all commercial banks that went public and were active from 2015 to 2019, as many as 44 banks. The results of the study state that: overall (for all bank book groups) the application of risk management, namely credit risk, liquidity risk, operational risk and market risk does not affect stock returns, except for bank book group 1, credit risk and operational risk and market risk for book group 4 has a significant effect on stock returns.

COVID’S EFFECT ON AN ENDANGERED LANGUAGE IN THE SYLHET AREA OF BANGLADESH

Language is the way of communication and used in different aspects of life. In every country there is a national language which is the state language used in offices and different organizations. Bengali is the state and widely spoken language of Bangladesh however language varies from community to community, race to race, society to society This study shows that there are many indigenous languages in Bangladesh which may be endangered in future specially in the Sylhet area of Bangladesh. The Manipuri language which is not used officially in Bangladesh may be one such language. It has its own alphabets and is spoken in the community. The language has however not been hampered due to COVID 19 and in fact has become more popular during the lockdown. Due to the increase in the popularity of social media (face book group, Cheik Kheik) the Manipuri language in Sylhet, still maintains their ethnic culture and use their language in the home domain.

PENGARUH MODUL MODIFIKASI TENTANG PEMBERIAN ASI DAN MP-ASI TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN STUNTING POTENSIAL DI KABUPATEN BIMA

The poor complementary breastfeeding is a risk factor directly related to the stunting. This study was aimed to know the effect of providing information to the baby’s mother on the knowledge, attitudes, norms/culture, beliefs, and the actions in giving the complementary breastfeeding in preventing the potential stunting in Bima This study used quasy experiment, ie the pre-test and post-test with control group design. The samples were 40 mothers divided into four groups such as ie classes with modules while the control class researchers with KIA book, a group of researchers only use the modules and control group with KIA book. Questionnaire data collection of interviews and anthropometric measurements. Data were analyzed with the Wilcoxon test. The results showed the effect of information on knowledge, attitudes, norms / culture, significant trust began a second measurement of the classes either the mother or the book module KIA, changes in feeding patterns solids in class + KIA book significantly in the third measurement. In the group of modules, changes in knowledge, norms / culture, and significant confidence in the measurement, while attitudes and solids feeding patterns significantly in the third measurement. At KIA book group, a significant increase in knowledge begin in the second measurement, norms / culture and significant confidence in the third measurement, whereas his own attitude changes are significant in the fourth measurement.