Image-Guided Intratumoral Delivery of Immunotherapeutics in Gastrointestinal Malignancies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Qiao ◽  
Rahul A. Sheth ◽  
Alda Tam
Keyword(s):  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancies ◽  
Robust Immune Response ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Current State ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Intratumoral Delivery

AbstractIntratumoral (IT) administration of immunotherapy is a promising treatment strategy under clinical development for gastrointestinal malignancies. Due to its targeted nature, IT immunotherapies can generate regional proinflammatory microenvironments that result in the focal recruitment of tumor-specific immune cells. Precision targeting of tumors via IT immunotherapy injection theoretically produces a more robust immune response to the treated tumor itself and to distant metastatic tumors that share tumor-specific antigens with those of the treated tumor, while also minimizing the priming of the adaptive immune system to nonspecific antigens. Diverse arrays of IT immunotherapeutic agents including but not limited to lyophilized bacteria, viral vectors, cellular-based agents, molecules, and peptides, both as monotherapies and in combination with systemic immunotherapies, are in various stages of preclinical and clinical development. In this review, we summarize the current state of the art for IT immunotherapy and highlight potential future directions and their relevance to image-guided interventionalists.

Adoptive Cell Therapy for Gastrointestinal Cancers

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Ryan J. Slovak ◽  
Hyun S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Adoptive Cell Therapy ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancies ◽  
Specific Antigens

AbstractThe reinfusion of autologous or allogeneic immune cells that have been educated and/or engineered ex vivo to respond to tumor-specific antigens is termed “adoptive cell therapy.” While adoptive cell therapy has made tremendous strides in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, its utilization for solid tumors has lagged somewhat behind. The purpose of this article is to concisely review the clinical research that has been done to investigate adoptive cell therapy as a treatment for gastrointestinal malignancies.

scholarly journals Twelfth International Foamy Virus Conference—Meeting Report

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ottmar Herchenröder ◽  
Martin Löchelt ◽  
Florence Buseyne ◽  
Antoine Gessain ◽  
Marcelo A. Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Foamy Virus ◽  
Meeting Report ◽  
Virus Structure ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Current State ◽  
Foamy Viruses ◽  
Viral Host Interactions ◽  
Human Primate

The 12th International Foamy Virus Conference took place on August 30–31, 2018 at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. The meeting included presentations on current research on non-human primate and non-primate foamy viruses (FVs; also called spumaretroviruses) as well as keynote talks on related research areas in retroviruses. The taxonomy of foamy viruses was updated earlier this year to create five new genera in the subfamily, Spumaretrovirinae, based on their animal hosts. Research on viruses from different genera was presented on topics of potential relevance to human health, such as natural infections and cross-species transmission, replication, and viral-host interactions in particular with the immune system, dual retrovirus infections, virus structure and biology, and viral vectors for gene therapy. This article provides an overview of the current state-of-the-field, summarizes the meeting highlights, and presents some important questions that need to be addressed in the future.

scholarly journals The Immunological Basis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca A. R. Silva ◽  
Bruno L. Rodrigues ◽  
Maria de Lourdes S. Ayrizono ◽  
Raquel F. Leal
Keyword(s):  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Current State ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Inflammatory Profile

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic ailments, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis being the most important. These diseases present an inflammatory profile and they differ according to pathophysiology, the affected area in the gastrointestinal tract, and the depth of the inflammation in the intestinal wall. The immune characteristics of IBD arise from abnormal responses of the innate and adaptive immune system. The number of Th17 cells increases in the peripheral blood of IBD patients, while Treg cells decrease, suggesting that the Th17/Treg proportion plays an important role in the development and maintenance of inflammation. The purpose of this review was to determine the current state of knowledge on the immunological basis of IBD. Many studies have shown the need for further explanation of the development and maintenance of the inflammatory process.

scholarly journals Assessment of Image-Guided Intratumoral Delivery of Immunotherapeutics in Patients With Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. e207911
Author(s):  
Rahul A. Sheth ◽  
Ravi Murthy ◽  
David S. Hong ◽  
Sapna Patel ◽  
Michael J. Overman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Intratumoral Delivery

scholarly journals Image-Guided Oncologic Surgery Using Invisible Light: Completed Pre-Clinical Development for Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1671-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiichi Tanaka ◽  
Hak Soo Choi ◽  
Hirofumi Fujii ◽  
Moungi G. Bawendi ◽  
John V. Frangioni
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
Oncologic Surgery ◽  
Lymph Node Mapping ◽  
Image Guided

Viral vectors for gene therapy: Current state and clinical perspectives

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 700-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Lukashev ◽  
A. A. Zamyatnin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Current State

scholarly journals Percutaneous Image-Guided Ablation of Lung Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 5783
Author(s):  
Sadeer J. Alzubaidi ◽  
Harris Liou ◽  
Gia Saini ◽  
Nicole Segaran ◽  
J. Scott Kriegshauser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Lung Tumors ◽  
Primary Cancer ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Protocol Optimization ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Ablative Techniques

Tumors of the lung, including primary cancer and metastases, are notoriously common and difficult to treat. Although surgical resection of lung lesions is often indicated, many conditions disqualify patients from being surgical candidates. Percutaneous image-guided lung ablation is a relatively new set of techniques that offers a promising treatment option for a variety of lung tumors. Although there have been no clinical trials to definitively compare its efficacy to those of traditional treatments, lung ablation is widely practiced and generally accepted to be safe and effective. Especially encouraging results have recently emerged for cryoablation, one of the newer ablative techniques. This article reviews the indications, techniques, contraindications, and complications of percutaneous image-guided ablation of lung tumors with special attention to cryoablation and its recent developments in protocol optimization.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Cyanine-Based Phototherapy Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kubra Bilici ◽  
Sultan Cetin ◽  
Eda Aydındogan ◽  
Havva Yagci Acar ◽  
Safacan Kolemen
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Cyanine Dyes ◽  
Cyanine Dye ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Promising Treatment

Phototherapies, in the form of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), are very promising treatment modalities for cancer since they provide locality and turn-on mechanism for toxicity, both of which are critical in reducing off-site toxicity. Irradiation of photosensitive agents demonstrated successful therapeutic outcomes; however, each approach has its limitations and needs to be improved for clinical success. The combination of PTT and PDT may work in a synergistic way to overcome the limitations of each method and indeed improve the treatment efficacy. The development of single photosensitive agents capable of inducing both PDT and PTT is, therefore, extremely advantageous and highly desired. Cyanine dyes are shown to have such potential, hence have been very popular in the recent years. Luminescence of cyanine dyes renders them as phototheranostic molecules, reporting the localization of the photosensitive agent prior to irradiation to induce phototoxicity, hence allowing image-guided phototherapy. In this review, we mainly focus on the cyanine dye–based phototherapy of different cancer cells, concentrating on the advancements achieved in the last ten years.

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