scholarly journals U.S. News & World Report Ophthalmology Hospital Rankings and Research Productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. e46-e50
Author(s):  
John C. Lin ◽  
Allison J. Chen ◽  
Ingrid U. Scott ◽  
Paul B. Greenberg

Abstract Introduction Despite the wide usage of U.S. News & World Report (U.S. News) rankings of ophthalmology hospitals among the public, residency applicants, and ophthalmologists, there is disagreement in the literature on the role of quality of care, research productivity, and other factors in the ranking system. This study investigated the association of U.S. News ranking of ophthalmology hospitals and objective measures of research productivity. Methods The 2020 U.S. News “Best Hospitals for Ophthalmology” ranking lists 38 hospitals by reputation score and numerically ranks the top 12 institutions. For our analysis, top 12 hospitals were classified as group A and the remaining 26 as group B. The Clinicaltrials.gov, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools Expenditures and Results (RePORTER), and NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools (RePORT) were systematically searched for total clinical trials, NIH funding, and the National Eye Institute (NEI) funding for fiscal years 2017, 2018, and 2019. Faculty size and the number of publications by ophthalmology faculty per hospital were recorded from a previous study in 2016. Results Independent measures of research productivity significantly associated with group A status after multivariate logistic regression analysis were mean faculty Hirsch's index (h-index) over 15 (odds ratio [OR]: 6.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.14–32.94]) and conducting five or more total clinical trials (OR: 8.77, 95% CI: [1.39–55.16]). Conclusion This study suggests that the reputation-based U.S. News ranking may serve as a proxy for an ophthalmology department's contribution to research measured by mean faculty h-index and number of clinical trials.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2080-2080
Author(s):  
Angela J. Fought ◽  
Andrew A. Davis ◽  
Melissa M. Shaw ◽  
Vinay Prasad ◽  
Suneel Deepak Kamath

2080 Background: Financial conflict of interest (COI) represents a complex issue in hematology and oncology. Little is known about when COIs develop during a career and if these correlate with early career success. We evaluated self-reported COIs for junior faculty members at 10 academic cancer centers and examined if these financial relationships with industry correlated with measures of academic career success. Methods: The study evaluated 229 assistant professors from the top 10 cancer centers based on the 2018 US News Cancer rankings. Faculty characteristics were determined from hospital websites including the number of years since completing fellowship. Data regarding National Institute of Health (NIH) funding were obtained. Industry funds (Sunshine Act funds; SAF) were identified from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Open Payments database from 2013-2017. Self-reported COIs were obtained from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) or American Society of Hematology (ASH) disclosures databases, and through review of disclosures from recent publications. Measures of academic success included h-index and number of publications. We assessed the influence of number of COIs and SAF received on measures of academic success. Results: Of the 229 included faculty, 45% were female, 39% graduated fellowship in 2015 or later, 35% were double-boarded, 40% had dual degrees and 15% received NIH funding. Approximately 46% of faculty had at least 1 COI. COIs (ASCO/ASH) were positively correlated with COIs self-reported in publications and total SAF (Spearman correlations 0.57 and 0.54, both P < 0.01). The development of COIs and the number of SAF increased with years in practice (Spearman correlations 0.37 and 0.28, both P < 0.01). COIs and SAF correlated with h-index (Spearman correlation 0.40 and 0.41, both P < 0.01). After adjusting for years since fellowship, linear regression demonstrated that log-transformed h-index and number of publications were associated with SAF (P < 0.01) and COIs (ASCO/ASH) (P = 0.01). Conclusions: Financial COIs were present in nearly half of the faculty and increased with more time since completing fellowship. Measures of academic success were positively correlated with COIs (ASCO/ASH) and SAF. These data suggest that cultivating industry relationships may aid faculty in establishing early academic success.


2011 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. CMC.S7170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feridoun Sabzi ◽  
Abdol Hamid Zokaei ◽  
Abdol Rasoul Moloudi

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent and serious complication of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Methods: We undertook a retrospective review of the records of patients undergoing CABG at Imam Ali Hospital between February 1, 2003 and February 1, 2006. The patients were divided in two groups, ie, Group A (AF) and Group B (no AF). The association between the occurrence of AF following CABG and other variables was compared with respect to continuous or categorical variables by t-test and χ2-test. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis of potentially predictive factors in univariate analysis showed that opium use, type of operation, and crossclamp time were predictors of AF following CABG. Conclusion This study identifies some new predictors of postoperative AF, control of which could lead to a lower incidence of AF and reduced morbidity, mortality, and resource utilization for patients undergoing cardiac surgery.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo Magela Fernandes ◽  
Lizandra Moura Paravidine Sasaki ◽  
Felipe Motta ◽  
Ângelo Pereira Da Silva ◽  
Andreza Monforte Miranda ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence suggests that infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) during pregnancy may affect maternal-fetal outcomes, with possible implications for the long-term development of exposed children OBJECTIVE The PRegnancy OUtcomes and child Development Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection STudy (PROUDEST) is a multicenter prospective study designed to understand the repercussions of COVID-19 to mother-child global health. METHODS The PROUDEST trial comprises two prospective sequential substudies. The PREGNANT substudy will assess the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium clinically and from a mechanistic standpoint to understand the inflammatory and immunological phenomena underlying COVID-19 in relation to pregnancy. Pregnant women aged 18 to 40 years with laboratory-proven exposure to SARS-CoV-2 (group A, n = 300) will be compared to control subjects with no laboratory evidence of in-pregnancy exposure to the virus (group B, n = 300). Subjects exposed to other infections during pregnancy will be excluded. The BORN substudy is a long-term follow-up study assessing the offspring of women who entered the prior substudy. It will describe the effects of SARS-CoV-2 exposure during pregnancy on children’s growth, neurodevelopment and metabolism from birth up to five years of age. It includes two comparison groups: group A (exposed, n = 300) comprises children born from SARS-CoV-2-exposed pregnancies, and group B (controls, n = 300) comprises children from nonexposed mothers. RESULTS The recruitment has begun in July, 2020 and until September, 2020, 115 pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy and 80 newborns were included. Data analysis is scheduled to start after all inclusion data have been collected. CONCLUSIONS Upon completion of the study, we expect to have obtained comprehensive data to provide a better understanding of the effects of SARS-CoV-2 and its inflammatory and immunological processes on pregnancy, puerperium and infancy. Our findings will inform clinical decisions regarding the care of exposed mothers and children and support the development of evidence-based public health policies. CLINICALTRIAL The PROUDEST study was registered on the Brazilian Register of Clinical Trials website (https://www. http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br), ID RBR-65qxs2, on June 13th, 2020, where Brazilian clinical trials are exclusively registered.


Author(s):  
Shruti Hiremath ◽  
Umapati Baragi ◽  
M. R. Sajjanshetty

Sthoulya is one of the most effective disease which affects someone social, physical and mental features. As per modern view, it is a precursor to coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetic mellitis and osteoarthritis which have been recognised as the leading killer diseases of the millennium. Sthoulya is a state of increased Vikruta Vruddhi of Medodhatu. It is one of the Santarponottha Vikaras where a physician needs to apply the principle of Vishesha which can restore the unhealthy increase of components to the previous undiseased form. The drug Haritaki and Amalaki are having Laghu and Rooksha Guna which are opposite Gunas to that of the Sthoulya. Objectives - Practical evaluation of the Sthaulyahara effect of Haritaki and Amalkai based on the principle of Hrasa Hetur Visheshascha. Results - 60 patients (92%) had completed the trial, no adverse effect were reported. Both the groups had improved in the clinical trials, overall statistical significance was observed in the scores of both the groups. Discussion - By this statistical result we can concluded that Group A patients were more releived than Group B who were administered Haritaki Choorna. The hypothesis decided for the study was ‘Vishesha’ is the prime cause for Hrasa.Here it was clear that Vishesha applied was Guna Vishesha. Here significant results itself shows that Vishesha has done its role in reducing the obesity (Hrasa) in better way in both the Groups.


Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Nakashima ◽  
Yoshio Tahara ◽  
Satoshi Yasuda ◽  
Naoto Morimura ◽  
Ken Nagao ◽  
...  

Introduction: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) has been reported to be effective in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients in whom ventricular fibrillation (VF) as an initial rhythm were refractory to conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, it remains unclear whether ECPR is effective even though cardiac rhythm would change from VF to non-VF during CPR. Methods: This multicenter prospective observational study was conducted in 46 hospitals. A total of 457 patients with OHCA aged 20-74 years in whom initial rhythm was VF and the duration from collapse to hospital arrival was within 45 minutes were originally registered. After given CPR for more than 15 minutes in hospital, these patients received combination therapy with ECPR including therapeutic hypothermia (TH), or not received. The patients underwent ECPR (n=250) were classified into the following 2 groups according to rhythm changes during CPR; Group-A (sustained VF; n=127) and Group-B (changing from VF initially to non-shockable rhythm; n=123). The endpoint was a favorable outcome defined as Cerebral Performance Category 1-2 at 6 months after collapse. Results: There were no significant differences of age, sex, time from collapse to ECPR start and the rate of TH between the 2 groups. The rate achieving favorable outcome was significantly higher in Group-A than Group-B. (19.7% vs. 3.3%, p<0.001) (Figure1). When focusing on sustained VF (Group-A), the rate achieving favorable outcome improved about 5.5-fold by ECPR (ECPR, n=127; 19.7% vs. non-ECPR, n=55; 3.6%, p<0.001) (Figure2). In the multivariate logistic-regression analysis, sustained VF during CPR was the strongest predictor for the favorable outcomes among the pre-hospital parameters including age, bystander CPR and time from collapse to ECPR (Odds ratio 4.43, p=0.018). Conclusions: These findings indicates that the patients with sustained VF seem to be a particular population that could merit ECPR.


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11026-11026
Author(s):  
Aron Simkins ◽  
Michael Lee ◽  
Wencesley A. Paez ◽  
Cecilia Arana Yi ◽  
Heidi E. Kosiorek ◽  
...  

11026 Background: The Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) Program currently supports more than 50 leading medical research institutions in the U.S. with the aims of training, promoting and developing future translational science researchers, with particular emphasis on advanced Clinical and Translational Research (CTR) education. No prior studies have evaluated career development in oncologists who have completed CTR training. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of advanced CTR training on career development, return-on-investment and research productivity in Oncology specialties. Methods: With IRB approval, we conducted a survey study of U.S.-based Hematology/Oncology (H/O), Radiation Oncology (RO), and Surgical Oncology (SO) members of the American Society of Clinical Oncology who completed CTR training. Data was anonymized and collected through Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap). Outcomes were compared using Chi-square test for frequency data. Results: We received 225 survey responses (62.1% H/O, 23.3% RO, 13.2% SO, 1.4% others). About 28.4% (n = 64) of the respondents had a PhD or Master's degree in CTR (Group A) compared to 71.6% (n = 161) with graduate certificates or non-degree granting courses in CTR (Group B). Specialty ratio was equally distributed between both groups. Overall, 79.7% vs 57.5%; P < 0.001 of respondents worked in academia, of which 55.2% had tenure track positions. Over 49 different CTSA Programs throughout the U.S. were represented. In terms of impact with new research projects, the ability to secure funding and opportunities for multidisciplinary collaboration, satisfaction with CTR training was higher among Group A compared with Group B (P < 0.001; P < 0.01; P < 0.01 respectively). In terms of research output, higher satisfaction was seen in Group A (67.2% vs 47.4%; P < 0.01), however total publications per year were not statistically significant (P = 0.135). Usefulness of a CTR degree on career advancement, a difference of 50.0% vs 19.1%; P < 0.001 was noted. Similarly, usefulness regarding new job opportunities and return-on-investment also favored Group A (P < 0.001). Overall satisfaction with training was significantly higher in Group A (73.4% vs 48.7%; P = 0.004). Conclusions: This study is the first to report satisfaction ratings for CTR training among oncology specialties. Although no significant difference was observed in terms of publication output, those with higher levels of advanced degrees were more satisfied with their CTR training, and viewed it as more impactful to career advancement and research productivity. The evidence presented is useful for informing career development for oncology residents and fellows offered CTR degrees during their training.


Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 1853-1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina García ◽  
Dunia De Miguel ◽  
Joan Bargay ◽  
Teresa Bernal ◽  
José Ramón Gonzalez ◽  
...  

Abstract Abstract 1853 Introduction: Azacitidine (AZA), an hypomethylating agent approved in Europe for the treatment of MDS, prolongs the median survival time of patients included in clinical trials (Fenaux et al., 2009). AZA was available for clinical trials or compassionate use in Spain before receiving marketing authorization in Spain in May 2009. The dosage regimen of AZA in routine clinical practice (not in clinical trials) may have been adapted to the care environment at each center. We hereby present the results of the final analysis from a longitudinal, multicenter Spanish patient registry. Materials and Methods: This analysis retrospectively gathers clinical data about the treatment and disease progression of patients with MDS who had received AZA in compassionate use conditions, and for whom the dosage regimen was documented. AZA doses were administered to patients in three different dosage regimens at the beginning of each 28-day cycle; group A: days 1–5 (M-F)/group B: days 1–5, 8–9 (M-F, M-Tu)/group C: days 1–7 (M-Su). Patients who received an initial dose other than 75mg/m2 were excluded from this analysis. Treatment assignment was based on the patient's condition and on the viability of the care environment for drug administration during weekends. Treatment effectiveness and tolerance were analyzed based on the patients’ basal conditions, stratified by the dosage schedule. Results: Data were collected from 181 patients with MDS according to the WHO diagnostic criteria. Their demographic characteristics were similar at the beginning of the study, except for their ECOG performance status, with a statistically-significant higher prevalence of an ECOG ≥ 2 in the administration group C (table 1). The three dosage regimens of AZA were applied in the following proportions: group A 32.3%, group B 27.5% and group C 36.5%. The median number of administered cycles was similar for all groups (6 cycles). The overall response rates for the treatment (IWG 2006 criteria) were as follows: group A 38%, group B 71% and group C 52% (p group A vs. B=0.0005, p group A vs. C=0.0982, p group B vs. C =0.0418). No differences were observed in survival between chromosome 7 abnormalities and an intermediate abnormal karyotype (HR 1.11; p=0.83). AZA treatment was well tolerated. Most of the adverse events were hematological. The adverse event profile varied based on the dose regimen group (Table). Conclusions: The data of the 181 patients evaluated shows that in routine clinical practice effectiveness and tolerance differ when different dosage regimens are used. A better effectiveness/tolerance profile is observed in those regimens with a lower period of time to next cycle. Disclosures: García: Celgene : Research Funding.


2020 ◽  
pp. 000313482096628
Author(s):  
Kelly J. Lafaro ◽  
Amit S. Khithani ◽  
Paul Wong ◽  
Christopher J. LaRocca ◽  
Susanne G. Warner ◽  
...  

Background Academic achievement is an integral part of the promotion process; however, there are no standardized metrics for faculty or leadership to reference in assessing this potential for promotion. The aim of this study was to identify metrics that correlate with academic rank in hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) surgeons. Materials and Methods Faculty was identified from 17 fellowship council accredited HPB surgery fellowships in the United States and Canada. The number of publications, citations, h-index values, and National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding for each faculty member was captured. Results Of 111 surgeons identified, there were 31 (27%) assistant, 39 (35%) associate, and 41 (36%) full professors. On univariate analysis, years in practice, h-index, and a history of NIH funding were significantly associated with a surgeon’s academic rank ( P < .05). Years in practice and h-index remained significant on multivariate analysis ( P < .001). Discussion Academic productivity metrics including h-index and NIH funding are associated with promotion to the next academic rank.


2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Chauvin ◽  
Benoit H. Mulsant ◽  
Sanjeev Sockalingam ◽  
Vicky Stergiopoulos ◽  
Valerie H. Taylor ◽  
...  

Objectives: Gender inequity in academic medicine persists despite increases in the number of women physicians. We sought to explore gender differences in research productivity for academic psychiatrists in Canada. Methods: In a cross-sectional study of the 3379 psychiatrists in all 17 university departments of psychiatry in Canada, research productivity, as measured by the h-index and number of publications, was compared between women and men using a negative log binomial regression model to generate relative rates (RRs), adjusted for career duration (aRR). Findings were stratified by academic rank, institution region, and institution size. A subanalysis of those with 10 or more publications was conducted as a proxy for identifying physicians on a research track. Results: Women (43% of the sample) had a lower mean (standard deviation) h-index than men (2.87 [6.49] vs. 5.31 [11.1]; aRR, 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54 to 0.72). Differences were significant only for junior faculty and not for associate and full professors. Comparison by number of publications followed a similar pattern (aRR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.55). Among those with 10 or more publications ( n = 721), differences between men and women were smaller than in the overall cohort for both the h-index (aRR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.87) and number of publications (aRR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.72). Conclusions: Gender differences in research productivity at the national level in academic psychiatry in Canada support a call to adopt a more systematic approach to promoting equitable opportunities for women in research, especially in early career, to improve diversity and enhance future psychiatric research and discovery.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Mari ◽  
Tawfik Khoury ◽  
Ahmad Lubany ◽  
Mohammad Safadi ◽  
Moaad Farraj ◽  
...  

Background and Aim. Rapid identification of patients with complications related to acute diverticulitis who require urgent intervention in the emergency department (ED) is essential. The aim of our study was to determine the role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in predicting severity of diverticulitis as assessed by Hinchey classification. Patients and Methods. We performed a single retrospective study in EMMS Nazareth Hospital from 4/2014 to 4/2018. Patients were categorized into two groups: group A with mild to moderate complicated diverticulitis (Hinchey 1-2) and group B with severe complicated diverticulitis (Hinchey 3-4). Results. Two hundred twenty-five patients were included. Two hundred seven patients were in group A, and 18 patients were in group B. On univariate analysis, age, NLR, and PLR correlated with advanced Hinchey classification and disease severity (stages 3-4) (OR 1.038, 95% CI 1.001–1.076, P=0.0416; OR 1.192, 95% CI 1.093–1.300, P<0.0001; and OR 1.011, 95% CI 1.005–1.017, P=0.0005, respectively). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, the NLR and PLR remain significantly correlated with Hinchey 3-4 (OR 1.174, 95% CI 1.071–1.286, P=0.0006, and OR 1.008, 95% CI 1.001–1.015, P=0.0209, respectively). The area under the curve (AUC) for the NLR and PLR on univariate analysis was 0.7526 and 0.6748, respectively, and 0.7760 and 0.7391 on multivariate logistic regression analysis, respectively, and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn. Conclusion. The NLR and PLR independently associated with diverticulitis severity and positively correlated with advanced Hinchey classification. This simple available laboratory tool can be implemented into clinical practice to optimize patient management.


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