New Technologies to Prevent Anastomotic Leak

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (06) ◽  
pp. 379-384
Author(s):  
Abhineet Uppal ◽  
Alessio Pigazzi
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Anastomotic Leak ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Anastomotic Healing ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Bowel Perfusion

AbstractLeaks from anastomoses can be a serious complication of any gastrointestinal resection. Leaks lead to increased morbidity, delayed postoperative recovery, and potential delays in adjuvant treatment in cancer cases. Prevention of anastomotic leak has been an area of ongoing research for decades. Methods of assessing bowel perfusion have been developed that may provide forewarning of anastomotic compromise. Physical reinforcement of the anastomosis with buttressing material is an available method employed with the goal of preventing leaks. Liquid-based sealants have also been explored. Lastly, interactions between the gut microbiome and anastomotic healing have been investigated as a mean of manipulating the microenvironment to reduce leak rates. Though no single technology has been successful in eliminating leaks, an understanding of these developing fields will be important for all surgeons who operate on the gastrointestinal tract.

Sludge minimization by disintegration at different wastewater treatment plants

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luchien Luning ◽  
Paul Roeleveld ◽  
Victor W.M. Claessen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Sludge Minimization

In recent years new technologies have been developed to improve the biological degradation of sewage sludge by anaerobic digestion. The paper describes the results of a demonstration of ultrasonic disintegration on the Dutch Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Land van Cuijk. The effect on the degradation of organic matter is presented, together with the effect on the dewatering characteristics. Recommendations are presented for establishing research conditions in which the effect of sludge disintegration can be determined in a more direct way that is less sensitive to changing conditions in the operation of the WWTP. These recommendations have been implemented in the ongoing research in the Netherlands supported by the National Institute for wastewater research (STOWA).

MICROBIOMA: AMIGO O ENEMIGO EN PACIENTES CON COVID - 19

SCIENTIARVM ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Katherine Milagros Quispe Medina ◽  
◽  
Angel Sixto Mamani Ruelas ◽  
Brenda Jasmin Alvarez Vera ◽  
Yasmin Yessenia Silvestre Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Lung Microbiome ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Clinical Cases

The research of the microbiome concerning various diseases has grown in the last ten years due to the advances in molecular biology and next-generation sequencing, finding interactions with various pathologies. The new coronavirus 19 (SARS-COV 2) pandemic has aroused interest in the study of multiple factors that could influence in the development of symptoms mainly due to the interaction of the microbiome whether of the respiratory or gastrointestinal tract finally in the prognosis. Therefore, in this study, we focus on reviewing and analyzing the current bibliography of research and clinical cases about the relationship between the lung and gut microbiome and COVID-19, highlighting its effect on infected patients, aiming to contribute to this new line of research. Keywords: Microbiome, COVID-19, SARS-COV 2, gut microbiome, lung microbiome.

Obsidian ASG® Autologous Platelet-Rich Fibrin Matrix and Colorectal Anastomotic Healing: A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Shamiyeh ◽  
◽  
Bettina Klugsberger ◽  
Carina Aigner ◽  
Wolfgang Schimetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anastomotic Leakage ◽  
Anastomotic Leak ◽  
Colorectal Resection ◽  
Rectal Resection ◽  
Leak Rate ◽  
Anastomotic Healing ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Anastomotic Leak Rate ◽  
Fibrin Matrix ◽  
Autologous Platelet

Introduction: Anastomotic leakage (AL) following colorectal resection is a devastating complication affecting morbidity, mortality, and quality of life of patients in the long term. Different tissue sealants and biologic glues were tested showing conflicting results regarding their influence on anastomotic healing and leak prevention. Application of autologous platelet-rich fibrin (Vivostat A/S, Alleroed, Denmark), which acts as a source of angiogenic growth factors and cytokines, showed promising results in an in-vivo porcine model. Herein, we present the first human study of stapled colorectal anastomoses supplemented with an autologous-derived platelet-rich fibrin matrix (Obsidian ASG®, Rivolution GmbH, Rosenheim, Germany and Vivostat A/S, Alleroed, Denmark). Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of prospectively accumulated data was performed in two colorectal centers (Linz, Vienna) on patients undergoing left-sided colorectal or coloanal stapled anastomosis between October 2018 and December 2019. The Obsidian ASG® Matrix was applied to the rectal stump, and after closure with the circular stapling device, at the circumference of anastomosis in every single case. Anastomoses were supplemented with intra- and extra-anastomotic application (IAA—intra-anastomotic application developed by Rivolution GmbH, Rosenheim, Germany) of Obsidian ASG® Matrix. The primary endpoints were incidence of perioperative complications and anastomotic leak rate. Results: Two-hundred-sixty-one (138 female) patients underwent left-sided colonic (n=177) or rectal resection (n=84). In 253 (96.9%) cases, a laparoscopic or robotic-assisted approach was used. There were no complications attributable to the intraoperative application of the Obsidian ASG® Matrix. All intraoperative leak tests were negative. Overall, anastomotic leak rate accounted for 2.3% (6/261). AL following colonic and rectal resection was seen in 2.3% (4/177) and 2.4% (2/84), respectively. Complication and leak rate was similar in the two participating centers. Postoperative fever and elevated CRP levels were significantly correlated to AL. There was no significant risk factor for AL on multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Application of an autologous-derived platelet-rich fibrin matrix (Obsidian ASG®) at anastomotic site following colorectal resection is safe and associated with a low rate of anastomotic leakage.

scholarly journals Pendular stromal tumour of the stomach with dominant PDGFRA immunoexpression: Case report and short literature review

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 216-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stojan Latincic ◽  
Natasa Colovic ◽  
Marjan Micev ◽  
Radoje Colovic
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Peritoneal Dissemination ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Stromal Tumour ◽  
Cd 117 ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Favourable Evolution ◽  
Painless Mass

Introduction. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours are most frequent mesenchimal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract that originate from Cajal?s interstitial cells that are most frequently CD-117 positive. Stromal tumours of the stomach are the most frequent mesenchimal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract. Such tumours are usually sessile, but rarely pendular when they can be easily removed with a limited local excision of the stomach wall around the pedicle. Major stomach resections are rarely necessary. Case Outline. In a 54-year-old woman with abdominal pain and fever of unknown aetiology, a large spherical mobile and almost painless mass was found within the upper right abdomen. US and CT showed a mainly cystic, partly solid tumour, of 15.5?12.5 cm in diameters. Laboratory data including tumour markers were within normal limits. At operation a mobile and free tumour of the stomach attached to the anterior wall with a 2.5 cm pedicle was found and easily excised. Abdominal mucosa was normal. There was no liver metastasis or peritoneal dissemination. Hystology and imunohistochemistry showed a rare sclerosing sincitial subtype of stromal tumour with imunophenotype heterogenicity with a dominant PDGFRA and rare CD-117 immunoexpression. The postoperative recovery was uneventful. The patient was symptom-free with no sign of recurrence after a year and a half. Conclusion. A rare subtype of histological highly malignant stromal tumour of the stomach, macroscopically of pendular type, that was easily excised, was presented which so far showed a favourable evolution with no signs of recurrence.

scholarly journals UTILIZING TECHNOLOGY NETWORKS TO SUPPORT SOCIAL NETWORKS FOR PEOPLE AGING WITH DISABILITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S758-S759
Author(s):  
Elena T Remillard ◽  
Wendy Rogers ◽  
Sarah Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Engineering Research

Abstract A growing number of new smart, internet-enabled technologies from smart phone applications, to teleconferencing, to the Internet of Things (IoT), provide great promise and potential to support successful aging-in-place for people with long-term disabilities. This symposium highlights ongoing research at the TechSAge Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center to identify technology needs and develop/adapt new technologies to promote independence, health, and participation of this population. To understand user needs, Harris et al. will present findings from a large-scale interview study with older adults with long-term vision and mobility disabilities (N=120) that explored specific task-based challenges with community activities (e.g., going to entertainment events, volunteering) as well as solutions and strategies to overcome them. Koon et al. will present findings on perceived facilitators and barriers to using digital assistants (e.g., Amazon Alexa) to facilitate a variety of everyday tasks at home, from shopping to communicating with others, among adults aging with mobility disabilities. Levy et al. will discuss findings from research driving the creation of augmented reality tools that can enable individuals to experience how IoT devices, such as smart thermostats and lightbulbs, could be used within the context of one’s own abilities and home. Mitzner et al., will describe the development of a Tele Tai Chi intervention for older adults with long-term mobility disabilities that employs teleconferencing software to translate an in-person, evidence-based class to an online, social experience. TechSAge Program Officer, Sarah Ruiz (National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research), will serve as the discussant.

scholarly journals NAD precursors cycle between host tissues and the gut microbiome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthikeyani Chellappa ◽  
Melanie R McReynolds ◽  
Wenyun Lu ◽  
Xianfeng Zeng ◽  
Mikhail Makarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Main Route ◽  
Nicotinamide Riboside ◽  
Dietary Consumption ◽  
Nad Synthesis ◽  
Host Tissues

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an essential redox cofactor in both mammals and microbes. Here we use isotope tracing to investigate the precursors supporting NAD synthesis in the gut microbiome. We find that preferred dietary NAD precursors are absorbed in the proximal part of the gastrointestinal tract and not available to microbes in the distal gut. Instead, circulating host nicotinamide enters the gut lumen and supports gut microbiome NAD synthesis. In addition, the microbiome converts nicotinamide, originating from the host circulation, into nicotinic acid. Host tissues uptake and utilize this microbiome-derived nicotinic acid for NAD synthesis, maintaining circulating nicotinic acid levels even in the absence of dietary consumption. Moreover, the main route from oral nicotinamide riboside, a widely used nutraceutical, to host NAD is via conversion into nicotinic acid by the gut microbiome. Thus, NAD precursors cycle between the host and gut microbiome to maintain NAD homeostasis.

scholarly journals Virom of intestinal canal and ulcerative colitis: new facets of interaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
G. R. Bikbavova ◽  
M. A. Livzan ◽  
A. A. Zastavnaya
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Intestinal Canal ◽  
New Treatment

Various lifestyle facts influence on microbial landscape of gut and change variety of microbiota with ulcerative colitis. New technologies of nucleotide sequencing, innovating statistics and bioinformatics grade into presentation about etiology and pathogenesis of some illness, for example ulcerative colitis. Current studies demonstrate that microbiome of gut acquaint with eukaryotic and prokaryotic viruses, which make virome of gut and be much part of microbial eco-system of intestinal tract. Number of bacteriophages and viruses escalete in the context of environmental stress so microbiome of the digestive tract disturbed. When we open specific microbiota, which associated with etiology of ulcerative colitis, we will create new treatment modality. Drive of this review is generalization of information about involvement with virome in ulcerative colitis becoming. For searching the literature were use systems PubMed and GoogleScholar with keywords: ulcerative colitis, gut virome, gut microbiome. Nowadays in the literature have limited but necessary information about this question. It requires accumulation scientifi c facts for integrated data.

scholarly journals HBIM FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES: FROM SFM BASED SURVEY TO ALGORITHMIC MODELING

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W9 ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Bagnolo ◽  
R. Argiolas ◽  
A. Cuccu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Geometric Modeling ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
First Results ◽  
Different Characteristics

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The implementation of new technologies often leads research towards experimentation with new methodological approaches. The BIM process applied in cultural heritage is increasingly consolidating its practices, expanding its potential even in the field of archaeological research. Integrating archaeological data into BIM models has clear benefits but, due to the complexity of the involved elements, archaeological case studies can fit effectively into the BIM process only with the creation of semantic-aware libraries implementing dedicated objects. Cultural heritage can advantage of BIM-based knowledge management only integrating approaches and tools with different characteristics from those commonly used in BIM workflows. In the phase of the geometric modeling process, following that of the survey process and preparatory to the subsequent information modeling process, when the detected geometries are not easily traceable to libraries of pre-compiled objects, an alternative to the so-called "Scan to BIM" local modeling can be represented by algorithmic modeling. The paper, focusing on the geometric modelling phase of the HBIM process, presents first results and prospective tasks of an ongoing research project on the last architectural phase of the colonnade of a multilayered temple in the Antas valley in Sardinia (Italy), affected by imposing works of anastylosis and restoration.</p>

scholarly journals Internet as System and Environment in Cyberspace: Preliminary Ideas from an Ongoing Research

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Marcos Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Central Point ◽  
Digital City ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
System Environment ◽  
Critical Scrutiny

The paper discusses the applicability of a pair of concepts - System/Environment - to Internet and Cyberspace. A central point in the discussion is that the pair System/Environment should not be viewed as static analytical poles, but rather as dynamic and interchangeable elements, so that Internet can be conceived both as System and/or Environment, depending on the type of phenomenon one is observing. As a counterpoint to this proposition, the recurrent and “common-sense” notion of Internet as a new medium is presented and criticized. The article also discusses and puts under critical scrutiny the role usually assigned to Internet as a change catalyst or accelerator and the implicit or explicit acceptance of an evolutionary new step in social organization represented by the generalization of New Technologies of Communication. The paper is part of an ongoing research on Digital Cities and Local Networks and proposes some initial steps towards the construction of a model of interpretation based on systems analysis adapted to the particularities of Internet and Cyberspace. The research is anchored on observations of Digital Cities and Local Networks projects at Internet, with special attention to the Aveiro Digital City Project (Portugal).

scholarly journals Thermoelectric Power Generators: State-of-the-Art, Heat Recovery Method, and Challenges

Electricity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-386
Author(s):  
Rima Aridi ◽  
Jalal Faraj ◽  
Samer Ali ◽  
Thierry Lemenand ◽  
Mahmoud Khaled
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Seebeck Effect ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Recovery Method

Electricity plays a significant role in daily life and is the main component of countless applications. Thus, ongoing research is necessary to improve the existing approaches, or find new approaches, to enhancing power generation. The thermoelectric generator (TEG) is among the notable and widespread technologies used to produce electricity, and converts waste energy into electrical energy using the Seebeck effect. Due to the Seebeck effect, temperature change can be turned into electrical energy; hence, a TEG can be applied whenever there is a temperature difference. The present paper presents the theoretical background of the TEG, in addition to a comprehensive review of the TEG and its implementation in various fields. This paper also sheds light on the new technologies of the TEG and their related challenges. Notably, it was found that the TEG is efficient in hybrid heat recovery systems, such as the phase change material (PCM), heat pipe (HP), and proton exchange membrane (PEM), and the efficiency of the TEG has increased due to a set of improvements in the TEG’s materials. Moreover, results show that the TEG technology has been frequently applied in recent years, and all of the investigated papers agree that the TEG is a promising technology in power generation and heat recovery systems.

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