scholarly journals Use of androgens at different stages of life: reproductive period

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 988-994
Author(s):  
Andrea Prestes Nácul ◽  
Gabriela Pravatta Rezende ◽  
Daniela Angerame Yela Gomes ◽  
Técia Maranhão ◽  
Laura Olinda Bregieiro Fernandes Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Period

An importance of soil humidification in forming of avifauna of arboreal plantation in the Biosphere reserve «Askania Nova» (un-reproductive period)

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 55-69
Author(s):  
M. A. Listopadsky
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Defined Contribution ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Steppe Birds ◽  
Reserve Forest ◽  
Autumn And Winter

With gradient analysis investigated the role of soil moisture in the formation of the modern population of birds in the reserve forest plantations. Soil moisture was divided into seven grades. For this purpose used grass cover and the coefficient of local moistening. His proposed PhD L. P. Travleev. This method allows knowing the degree of influence of soil moisture at the birds. We analyzed birds species composition, population, placement in space and power of influence factors (soil moisture). Investigations were carried out on the territory of the Biosphere Reserve «Askania Nova». We studied the birds which live in the reserve at the end of the summer, autumn and winter. This happened from 2006 to 2013 years. Specially was studied as permanently specific form of birds is found in a particular humidity. The degree of coupling was studied using the amount of information that transmits to the local bird humidification. For 68 species of birds are the options of the population density, coefficient koligatsii and data communication with the seven variants of soil moisture. For all kinds of set information «price» of each option dampening that contributes to the formation of a particular community of birds. Thus, the defined contribution to the formation of soil moisture forest bird communities. Species representation and density gradient within the test moisture is not in direct linear relationship from moisture and ranges from 11 (very coldly) to 50 species (moist soil). The density of the community varies from 0,5 birds / hectare (very dry) to 269 birds / hectare (fresh soil). The strongest link between the information and the formation of moisture gradient structure avifauna is typical in a fresh soil – bird on the edge, and wet – forest representatives. These types of humidification function is performed starting in the formation of two major blocks dendrophilous community. The steppe birds give way to forest representatives when the soil slightly moist. The main conclusion of our study includes the following: than wetter the soil the more species of birds lives in the forest; some graduation humidity are the most important for separate species of birds; it is very important for birds, there are places where one can drink water. Further invasive alien species can occur where the soil is moist. Forest with dry soil is already fully occupied by birds.

COMPORTAMENTO REPRODUTIVO DAS MULHERES RIBEIRINHAS DO AMANÃ

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edila Arnaud Ferreira Moura
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Rivers And Lakes ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
The Mean

This work presents the results of a study about the reproductive behavior of riverine women living in the Sustainable Development Reserve Amanã, in the Middle Solimões region, state of Amazonas. The study was done in 2001 with the objective of identify aspects of the reproductive behavior of 83 women, collected through reproductive history methodology. These women live in small localities along the rivers and lakes in the middle of the Amazonian forest. The study identified that these women initialize their reproductive period at the age of 17, in average, and the mean age of their last pregnancy occurs at the age of 42, considering those above 50 years old. 36% of these 83 women had lost one or more of their children before the age of five. Only 16% use contraceptives and 12% are sterilized. They don’t have access to the basic health assistance in a regular basis and the local midwives are extremely important in their assistance during pregnancy and delivery. This study em phasizes the importance of reproductive health programs including those social and cultural local conditions.

scholarly journals Evidence for use of both capital and income breeding strategies in the mangrove tree crab, Aratus pisonii

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jade Carver ◽  
Morgan Meidell ◽  
Zachary J. Cannizzo ◽  
Blaine D. Griffen
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Mangrove Tree ◽  
Income Breeding ◽  
Aratus Pisonii ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Capital And Income Breeding

AbstractTwo common strategies organisms use to finance reproduction are capital breeding (using energy stored prior to reproduction) and income breeding (using energy gathered during the reproductive period). Understanding which of these two strategies a species uses can help in predicting its population dynamics and how it will respond to environmental change. Brachyuran crabs have historically been considered capital breeders as a group, but recent evidence has challenged this assumption. Here, we focus on the mangrove tree crab, Aratus pisonii, and examine its breeding strategy on the Atlantic Florida coast. We collected crabs during and after their breeding season (March–October) and dissected them to discern how energy was stored and utilized for reproduction. We found patterns of reproduction and energy storage that are consistent with both the use of stored energy (capital) and energy acquired (income) during the breeding season. We also found that energy acquisition and storage patterns that supported reproduction were influenced by unequal tidal patterns associated with the syzygy tide inequality cycle. Contrary to previous assumptions for crabs, we suggest that species of crab that produce multiple clutches of eggs during long breeding seasons (many tropical and subtropical species) may commonly use income breeding strategies.

scholarly journals Boat Noise and Black Drum Vocalizations in Mar Chiquita Coastal Lagoon (Argentina)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Maria Ceraulo ◽  
María Paz Sal Moyano ◽  
Fernando Jose Hidalgo ◽  
María Cielo Bazterrica ◽  
Salvatore Mazzola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Coastal Lagoon ◽  
Acoustic Method ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Anthropogenic Noise ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Call Rate ◽  
Noise Frequency ◽  
Passive Acoustic

Human-generated underwater noise and its effect on marine biota is recognized as an important issue. Boat noise can affect the communication success of fish species that use sounds for spawning purposes. During the reproductive period, males of the black drum Pogonias spp. produce calls ranging from 90 Hz to 300 Hz. In the Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon (Buenos Aires, Argentina), Pogonias courbina is one of the primary fishing species. Although no regulation is directly applied to protect it, a ban protects the reproductive period of other fish species during weekdays. Here, we investigated the potential effect of boat noise on P. courbina vocalizations through a passive acoustic method. Acoustic data were collected, and P. courbina calls were identified and counted. The files with boat noise passages were categorized into classes according to their noise frequency range (A = below 700 Hz, B = over 700 Hz, and C = below and above 700 Hz). The fish call rate was lower in files where boat noise overlapped the fish call frequency (Classes A and C). Only boat noise from Class C was significantly reduced during days with the active fishing ban. These results suggest that anthropogenic noise may affect the P. courbina call rate and underline the importance of including the evaluation of anthropogenic noise in the current management of the area.

scholarly journals Proliferative and Apoptotic Pathways in the Testis of Quail Coturnix coturnix during the Seasonal Reproductive Cycle

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1729
Author(s):  
Sara Falvo ◽  
Luigi Rosati ◽  
Maria Maddalena Di Fiore ◽  
Federica Di Giacomo Russo ◽  
Gabriella Chieffi Baccari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Annual Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
Immunohistochemistry Analysis ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Apoptotic Pathways ◽  
Camp And Cgmp ◽  
Activation Phase

The quail Coturnix coturnix is a seasonal breeding species, with the annual reproductive cycle of its testes comprising an activation phase and a regression phase. Our previous results have proven that the testicular levels of both 17β-estradiol (E2) and androgens are higher during the reproductive period compared to the non-reproductive period, which led us to hypothesize that estrogens and androgens may act synergistically to initiate spermatogenesis. The present study was, therefore, aimed to investigate the estrogen responsive system in quail testis in relation to the reproduction seasonality, with a focus on the molecular pathways elicited in both active and regressive quail testes. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that the expression of ERα, which is the predominant form of estrogen receptors in quail testis, was correlated with E2 concentration, suggesting that increased levels of E2-induced ERα could play a key role in the resumption of spermatogenesis during the reproductive period, when both PCNA and SYCP3, the mitotic and meiotic markers, respectively, were also increased. In the reproductive period we also found the activation of the ERK1/2 and Akt-1 kinase pathways and an increase in second messengers cAMP and cGMP levels. In the non-reproductive phase, when the E2/ERα levels were low, the inactivation of ERK1/2 and Akt-1 pathways favored apoptotic events due to an increase in the levels of Bax and cytochrome C, with a consequent regression of the gonad.

scholarly journals Appendectomy and women’s reproductive outcomes: a review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Merlino ◽  
Alessandra Chiné ◽  
Giulia Carletti ◽  
Federica Del Prete ◽  
Massimo Codacci Pisanelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
Tubal Infertility ◽  
Peritoneal Adhesions ◽  
Relevant Risk Factor ◽  
Perforated Appendix ◽  
Embryo Transport ◽  
Possible Cause

Summary Background The most frequent abdominal surgery performed for benign disease in females of fertile age is appendectomy, which remains among the most common surgeries and is a possible cause of peritoneal adhesions. The fact that appendectomy can cause adhesions may lead one to think that this may be a relevant risk factor for infertility; however, there is no universal agreement regarding the association between appendectomy and fertility. The aim of this review is to evaluate weather appendectomy may have a relevant impact on female fertility. Methods The search was conducted in PubMed and there was no limitation set on the date of publication. All studies regarding populations of female patients who had undergone appendectomy for inflamed appendix, perforated appendix, or negative appendix between childhood and the end of the reproductive period were included. Results Some authors believe that pelvic surgery can cause adhesions which can potentially lead to tubal infertility by causing tubal obstruction or by altering motility of fimbriae, tubal fluid secretion, and embryo transport. On the other hand, the most recent evidence reported that removal of the appendix seems to be associated with an increased pregnancy rate in large population studies. Conclusion Despite the existence of contrasting opinions concerning fertility after appendectomy, the most recent evidence suggests that appendectomy may actually lead to improved fertility and decreased time to pregnancy. Appendectomy seems to be correlated with improved fertility and higher pregnancy rates.

BIOLOGY OF TACHINAEPHAGUS ZEALANDICUS (HYMENOPTERA: ENCYRTIDAE), PARASITOID OF SYNANTHROPIC DIPTERA

1974 ◽  
Vol 106 (8) ◽  
pp. 785-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Olton ◽  
E. F. Legner
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Host Density ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Pupal Parasitoid ◽  
History Of ◽  
Parasitoid Development

AbstractThe synonymy, distribution, host range, and life history of the gregarious larval–pupal parasitoid Tachinaephagus zealandicus Ashmead, is discussed. Laboratory studies of its biology were conducted at 25° ± 2 °C using Musca domestica L. as host. Its developmental stages are described. Under laboratory conditions its life cycle lasted 23–27 days. Parasitoid development accelerated with higher average densities per host. Single standardized hosts produced 3–18 adult parasitoids. Mated females provided with hosts lived 50.4–67.2 h. The average length of the reproductive period and number of hosts parasitized were independent of host density; however, the average number of eggs deposited per host increased at lower host densities. Adult emergence displayed circadian rhythmicity independent of photoperiod over 3+ days.

How Can Female Germline Stem Cells Contribute to the Physiological Neo-Oogenesis in Mammals and Why Menopause Occurs?

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonin Bukovsky
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Germline Stem Cells ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Ovarian Stem Cells ◽  
Lower Vertebrates ◽  
Female Germline ◽  
Prevailing View

AbstractAt the beginning of the last century, reproductive biologists have discussed whether in mammalian species the fetal oocytes persist or are replaced by neo-oogenesis during adulthood. Currently the prevailing view is that neo-oogenesis is functional in lower vertebrates but not in mammalian species. However, contrary to the evolutionary rules, this suggests that females of lower vertebrates have a better opportunity to provide healthy offspring compared to mammals with oocytes subjected to environmental threats for up to several decades. During the last 15 years, a new effort has been made to determine whether the oocyte pool in adult mammals is renewed as well. Most recently, Ji Wu and colleagues reported a production of offspring from female germline stem cells derived from neonatal and adult mouse ovaries. This indicates that both neonatal and adult mouse ovaries carry stem cells capable of producing functional oocytes. However, it is unclear whether neo-oogenesis from ovarian somatic stem cells is physiologically involved in follicular renewal and why menopause occurs. Here we review observations that indicate an involvement of immunoregulation in physiological neo-oogenesis and follicular renewal from ovarian stem cells during the prime reproductive period and propose why menopause occurs in spite of persisting ovarian stem cells.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document