Insulin-Leptin Axis, Cardiometabolic Risk and Oxidative Stress in Elderly with Metabolic Syndrome

AbstractInsulin and leptin have an overlapping anorexigenic action as well as opposite effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. The study focuses on the biochemical and clinical relevance of new indices of insulin-leptin axis utilized in the study of the relationships between leptinemia, insulin sensitivity and oxidative stress, in elderly subjects with metabolic syndrome. We conducted clinical studies on elderly people with metabolic syndrome versus control subjects by creating new insulin-adipogenic indices, namely Insulin-to-Leptin Ratio (ILR) and Insulin-Adipogenic Resistance index (IAR-index). Inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers evaluated were the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), the advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and the serum antioxidant capacity measured as ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP). The metabolic syndrome group showed significantly (p<0.01) lower levels of ILR and not significant (p=0.09) higher values of IAR-index, as compared to the control group. In metabolic syndrome subjects, the IAR-index was significantly positively correlated with uric acid (r=0.313, p<0.05), FRAP (r=0.347, p<0.05) and AOPP (r=0.677, p<0.01), and negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol (r=− 0.340, p<0.05) as well as with the ratio FRAP/uric acid (r=− 0.315, p<0.05). ILR and IAR-index reflected the biological state of adipose and pancreatic β-cells and seem to depict the adipo-insular axis status related to metabolic and oxidative stress better than individual markers. Therefore, ILR and IAR-index could represent integrated high-potential biomarkers for disease and patient stratification.

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Circulating antioxidant defences are decreased in healthy people after a high-fat meal

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114507894347 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 100 (2) ◽

pp. 312-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Fernando Cardona ◽

Isaac Túnez ◽

Inmaculada Tasset ◽

Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez ◽

Eduardo Collantes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

High Fat ◽

Total Proteins ◽

Antioxidant Defences ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Antioxidative Action ◽

And Oxidative Stress ◽

Fat Meal

The aim of this study was to examine the responses of uric acid, antioxidant defences and pro-oxidant variables after a high-fat meal. Twenty-five healthy persons without criteria for the metabolic syndrome, underwent a high-fat meal with Supracal®(60 g fat). Measurements were made at baseline and 3 h after the meal of TAG, uric acid, HDL-cholesterol, total proteins and oxidative stress. Following the high-fat meal, we detected a significant increase in pro-oxidative variables and a decrease in antioxidative variables. The uric acid concentrations were significantly lower after the high-fat meal and the reduction correlated significantly with the oxidative stress variables. The inverse relation between reduced uric acid and increased carbonylated proteins remained in multiple regression analysis. We conclude that uric acid is a powerful antioxidant and its reduction following a high-fat meal may be related with its acute antioxidative action.

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Correlation of Ferritin and Transferrin Serum with hsCRP and F2-Isoprostane in Metabolic Syndrome

The Indonesian Biomedical Journal ◽

10.18585/inabj.v2i3.127 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 131

Author(s):

Waode Nurfina ◽

Irawan Yusuf ◽

Mansyur Arif

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Iron Status ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Metabolic Conditions ◽

Inflammatory State ◽

And Oxidative Stress

BACKGROUND: The low inflammatory state that accompanies the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) associates with the overexpression of oxidative stress. Ferritin and Transferrin serum are often used to measure iron status and their concentrations are altered in several metabolic conditions. We hypothesized that concentration of Ferritin and Transferrin serum increase in Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and correlate with the inflammation and oxidative stress.METHODS: We studied 65 male MetS patients, aged 43.26±7.16 years. Iron metabolism was measured by concentration of Ferritin and Transferrin serums, while inflammatory and oxidative stress by high sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hsCRP) and F2-Isoprostane.RESULTS: Concentration of Ferritin 315.70±188.63 ng/L and Transferrin 2.36±0.31 g/L increased along with increasing components of MetS. Concentration of Ferritin serum had a positive correlation with hsCRP (r=0.220) and F2-Isoprostane (r=0.023).CONCLUSION: Serum concentration of Ferritin increased in the MetS and correlates with hsCRP and F2-Isoprostane.KEYWORDS: metabolic syndrome, ferritin, transferrin, hsCRP, F2-isoprostane

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Effect ofBifidobacterium lactisHN019 on inflammatory markers and oxidative stress in subjects with and without the metabolic syndrome

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114518001861 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 120 (6) ◽

pp. 645-652 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Luciana J. Bernini ◽

Andréa N. Colado Simão ◽

Cínthia H. B. de Souza ◽

Daniela F. Alfieri ◽

Liliane G. Segura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Inflammatory State ◽

Baseline Values ◽

And Oxidative Stress

AbstractBeneficial effects of probiotics have been reported on body weight, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, inflammatory state and oxidative stress in healthy subjects and in many metabolic and inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects ofBifidobacterium lactisHN019 on inflammatory state and nitro-oxidative stress in patients with and without the metabolic syndrome (MetS). The usual diets of the thirty-three subjects were supplemented with probiotic milk for 90 d. Inflammatory markers and oxidative measurements were performed. In relation to the baseline values, subjects in both groups showed a decrease in homocysteine (P=0·02 andP=0·03, respectively), hydroperoxides (P=0·02 andP=0·01, respectively) and IL-6 levels (P=0·02). Increases in adiponectin (P=0·04) and nitric oxide metabolites (NOx,P=0·001) levels were only seen in the group with the MetS in relation to the baseline values, whereas only the individuals without the MetS had increases in total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter levels (P=0·002). In conclusion,B. lactisHN019 have several beneficial effects on inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers in healthy subjects and the MetS patients. Patients with the MetS showed a specific improvement in adiponectin and NOx levels, whereas a specific favourable effect was shown in the antioxidant defenses in healthy subjects. If the results obtained in the present study are confirmed, supplementation of fermented milk with probiotics in healthy subjects and patients with the MetS must be further discussed.

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Involvement of the leptin-adiponectin axis in inflammation and oxidative stress in the metabolic syndrome

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-017-06997-0 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Gema Frühbeck ◽

Victoria Catalán ◽

Amaia Rodríguez ◽

Beatriz Ramírez ◽

Sara Becerril ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Amelioration of High Fructose Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance, Hyperuricemia, and Liver Oxidative Stress by Combined Use of Selective Agonists of PPAR-α and PPAR-γ in Rats

Dubai Medical Journal ◽

10.1159/000506899 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 76-86

Author(s):

Mahmoud M. Farag ◽

Ehab H. Ashour ◽

Wessam F. El-Hadidy

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Serum Insulin ◽

Combined Treatment ◽

Vehicle Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Ppar Γ ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

High Fructose

Background: The use of high-fructose (Fr) corn sweeteners and sucrose in manufactured food has markedly increased recently. This excessive Fr intake has been proposed in the etiology of the metabolic syndrome, which shows an increasing prevalence throughout the world. Objective: In this study, we questioned whether fenofibrate (FF), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α agonist, and pioglitazone (PG), a PPAR-γ agonist, might be effective in ameliorating the metabolic syndrome in a rat model. Materials and Methods: The metabolic syndrome was induced by feeding rats a high-Fr (60%) diet for 10 weeks. The rats were divided into 5 groups: control group, fed a normal rat chow; Fr + vehicle group; Fr + FF group; Fr + PG group; and Fr + (FF + PG) group (treated with both drugs). Drug or vehicle treatment was given daily for 6 weeks (from weeks 5 to 10). Thereafter, blood and liver samples were obtained for biochemical studies. Results: Rats fed a high-Fr diet developed hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperuricemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia, and had increased serum alanine aminotransferase, hepatic tumor necrosis factor-α, and malondialdehyde levels but decreases in both glutathione content and superoxide dismutase activity. Rat treatment with FF and/or PG attenuated these alterations. The improvement was greater with the combined treatment than with either drug alone, and normalization of insulin sensitivity was observed only in rats treated with the combination therapy. Conclusion: Acting on the 2 main PPAR subfamilies, the combination of FF and PG provides a more efficacious therapy for modulating the changes in serum insulin, uric acid, and lipids, as well as the accompanying hepatic inflammation and oxidative stress that characterize the Fr-induced metabolic syndrome.

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Effects of a high walnut and high cashew nut diet on selected markers of the metabolic syndrome: a controlled feeding trial

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114507682944 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 97 (6) ◽

pp. 1144-1153 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

Janine Mukuddem-Petersen ◽

Welma Stonehouse (Oosthuizen) ◽

Johann C. Jerling ◽

Susanna M. Hanekom ◽

Zelda White

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Control Diet ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

North West ◽

Cashew Nut ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Serum Fructosamine

We investigated the effects of a high walnut diet and a high unsalted cashew nut diet on selected markers of the metabolic syndrome. In a randomized, parallel, controlled study design, sixty-four subjects having the metabolic syndrome (twenty-nine men, thirty-five women) with a mean age of 45 (sd 10) years and who met the selection criteria were all fed a 3-week run-in control diet. Hereafter, participants were grouped according to gender and age and then randomized into three groups receiving a controlled feeding diet including walnuts, or unsalted cashew nuts or no nuts for 8 weeks. Subjects were required to have lunch at the metabolic ward of the Nutrition Department of the North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus). Both the walnut and the unsalted cashew nut intervention diets had no significant effect on the HDL-cholesterol, TAG, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, serum fructosamine, serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, blood pressure and serum uric acid concentrations when compared to the control diet. Low baseline LDL-cholesterol concentrations in the cashew nut group may have masked a possible nut-related benefit. Plasma glucose concentrations increased significantly (P = 0·04) in the cashew nut group compared to the control group. By contrast, serum fructosamine was unchanged in the cashew nut group while the control group had significantly increased (P = 0·04) concentrations of this short-term marker of glycaemic control. Subjects displayed no improvement in the markers of the metabolic syndrome after following a walnut diet or a cashew nut diet compared to a control diet while maintaining body weight.

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