State Agency and the Definition of Historical Events: The Case of the Museo de La Memoria Y Los Derechos Humanos in Santiago, Chile

Resumen: El presente trabajo parte de la hipótesis de que no es posible diseñar un régimen de protección internacional para las personas desplazadas por disrupciones medioambientales sin antes aclarar qué se entiende por “desplazado medioambiental” y cómo se ha llegado a tal entendimiento. Así, el artículo se estructura en dos partes. La primera de ellas pretende reconstruir el íter que ha configurado la figura del desplazado medioambiental en el pensamiento académico, tanto desde los estudios medioambientales como desde los migratorios. La segunda, por su parte, analiza la primera definición de desplazado ambiental, con vocación jurídica, que aparece en plano internacional y la influencia que en su redacción han tenido las corrientes anteriores. Abstract: This paper is based on the hypothesis that it is not possible to design an international protection regime for people displaced by environmental disruptions without first clarifying what is meant by "environmental displaced" and how this understanding has been reached. Thus, the article is structured in two parts. The first of them aims to reconstruct how the concept of environmentally displacement has been shaped in academic thinking, both from environmental and migratory studies. The second one, on the other hand, analyzes the first definition of environmental displaced which appears, with a legal vocation, on the international scene and the influence that those previous streams have had on it.

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The Logic of the Anatomy of Revolution, with reference to the Netherlands Revolt

Comparative Studies in Society and History ◽

10.1017/s0010417500000876 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 473-484 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

George Nadel

Keyword(s):

Social Sciences ◽

The Netherlands ◽

Historical Events ◽

Language Philosophy ◽

The Social ◽

Definition Of

In what follows, I begin by asking a paradigmatic question to clarify some problems of definition (I). Next, Crane Brinton's Anatomy of Revolution is examined as a scientific definition of revolution (II). Its application to the Netherlands revolt concludes the essay (III). Many logical problems are oversimplified and some are ignored altogether. This is done to keep the lid down on several Pandora's boxes, notably those labelled methodology in the social sciences, language philosophy, and historical laws, about which a great deal, some of it relevant here, has been written already. At the same time, I am concerned with the complexity of the problems raised and with suggesting that the ways in which definitions of historical events can be used deserve as much attention as the definitions themselves.

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The Topography of Historical Contingency

Journal of the Philosophy of History ◽

10.1163/187226312x625573 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Rob Inkpen ◽

Derek Turner

Keyword(s):

Initial Conditions ◽

Historical Contingency ◽

Scaling Effects ◽

Historical Events ◽

Change Over Time ◽

Complex Landscape ◽

Definition Of ◽

Further Development ◽

Over Time

Abstract Starting with Ben-Menahem’s definition of historical contingency as sensitivity to variations in initial conditions, we suggest that historical events and processes can be thought of as forming a complex landscape of contingency and necessity. We suggest three different ways of extending and elaborating Ben-Menahem’s concepts: (1) By supplementing them with a notion of historical disturbance; (2) by pointing out that contingency and necessity are subject to scaling effects; (3) by showing how degrees of contingency/necessity can change over time. We also argue that further development of Sterelny’s notion of conditional inevitability leads to our conclusion that the topography of historical contingency is something that can change over time.

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Introducción. La desaparición forzada de personas: circulación transnacional y usos sociales de una categoría de los derechos humanos (Introduction. The forced disappearance of persons: transnational circulation and social uses of a category of human rights)

Oñati Socio-legal Series ◽

10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 145-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriel Gatti ◽

Ignacio Irazuzta ◽

María Martínez

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

United Nations ◽

Sociology Of Law ◽

International Institute ◽

Special Issue ◽

Derechos Humanos ◽

The One ◽

Definition Of ◽

Social Uses ◽

Point Of Departure

El texto introduce los trabajos presentados en el workshop, con título similar a este artículo, celebrado en julio de 2017 en el IISJ. El objetivo del encuentro fue comprender la lógica de la circulación transnacional y algunos usos locales de la categoría de desaparición forzada una vez esta se asentó con la ratificación en 2007 de la Convención Internacional para la Protección de todas las Personas contra las Desapariciones Forzadas de la ONU. Esa cristalización jurídica e histórica es el punto de partida para entender las derivas, los efectos y las reproducciones del tipo jurídico cuando se ha conformado como tipo ideal. Es así que, sobre esas formas tipificadas de desaparición, cabe hoy pensar en diferentes y variadas situaciones que afectan a figuras sociales muy diversas. Esta introducción propone una definición de un concepto que es de uso reiterado en los textos que componen este número, el de desaparición social. The text introduces works presented at the workshop (with a similar title as the one of this article) held in July 2017 at the Oñati International Institute for the Sociology of Law. The aim of that workshop was to understand the logic of transnational circulation and some local uses of the category of enforced disappearance after it was sanctioned in 2007 by the Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance by the United Nations. That juridical and historical crystallization is the point of departure to understand the transformations, the effects and the reproduction of the juridical type when transformed as ideal type. It is upon those typified forms of disappearance that today we can think about different situations that affect very diverse social figures. This presentation proposes a definition of a concept that is repeatedly use in the texts of this special issue, that of social disappearance.

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The Polyethnic State: National Minorities in Interbellum Poland

Nationalities Papers ◽

10.1017/s0090599200022121 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 22 (S1) ◽

pp. 5-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriele Simoncini

Keyword(s):

European History ◽

Second Republic ◽

Historical Events ◽

The Past ◽

National Minorities ◽

Polish Experience ◽

State And Society ◽

Historical Times ◽

East And West ◽

Definition Of

Interbellum Poland remains an important example of a polyethnic state and society in European history. Its short existence between the wars does not diminish the importance of its many peculiar aspects, nor does the fact that it can be defined as an unsuccessful example in organizing, institutionally and socially, a polyethnic community. The theoretical definition of the Polish experience has puzzled historians in the past. Polish historiography substantially ignored or steadfastly marginalized the nationalities in the Second Republic and in earlier historical times, an attitude echoed by Marxist historians in post-bellum Poland. Now, indirectly, the topic is attracting attention again as a consequence of the new problematic caused by current European historical events both in the East and West.

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Realia (culturally specific lexical units) as «ours» and «theirs» in rapper Oxxxymiron’s texts

Philology & Human ◽

10.14258/filichel(2021)3-15 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 183-188

Author(s):

Ekaterina Bugrysheva ◽

Andrey Moiseev

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Qualitative Analysis ◽

Point Of View ◽

Historical Events ◽

Culturally Specific ◽

The Media ◽

Song Lyrics ◽

Cultural Component ◽

Definition Of

The article deals with domestic and foreign realia (considered as culturally specific units) in the song lyrics by the rapper called Oxxxymiron. The paper starts with the definition of realia, specified according to the authors’ point of view. The research is concentrated on the comparison of the classifications of «our» and «their» culturally specific units in the Russian rapper’s creative texts. The hypothesis consists in the assumption that foreign realia prevail in the singer’s lyrics. The lexical units under discussion are divided into eleven classes: geographical names; words referring to science, art and the media; names of historical events; realia naming various organizations etc. The charts with a detailed quantitative analysis of the selected realia are presented in the article. The results of the qualitative analysis of the considered lexical units are given in the concluding part. The authors form the opinion that the formulated hypothesis proves right. Thorough research into the song lyrics marked with realia is considered to facilitate a better understanding of the cultural component in these songs, as well as the influence of the author’s personality on their creative product.

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UTILIDADES DE LA ANTROPOLOGÍA JURÍDICA EN EL CAMPO DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS: EXPERIENCIAS RECIENTES

Revista Pueblos y fronteras digital ◽

10.22201/cimsur.18704115e.2008.5.207 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Diego Iturralde

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Research Trends ◽

The Political ◽

Legal Anthropology ◽

American Institute ◽

Social Perspectives ◽

Derechos Humanos ◽

Legal Perspective ◽

Definition Of ◽

New Research

Este artículo aplica un enfoque de antropología jurídica a la exploración y desarrollo de nuevas prácticas de investigación en el campo de los derechos humanos, a partir de la experiencia acumulada en los últimos años en el Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos. El proceso ha implicado revisar y reorientar las tendencias de investigación en este tema para favorecer, de una parte, un camino de salida al privilegio que han tenido los análisis sobre violación de los derechos e incorporar otros senderos de exploración que atienden las variaciones en su promoción y protección; y, de otra parte, un balance adecuado entre la perspectiva jurídica y las perspectivas políticas y sociales de los fenómenos relativos a los derechos humanos y la democracia. Se muestran encuadres sobre el desarrollo de la antropología jurídica y de los enfoques de investigación en derechos humanos, ejemplos de algunas aplicaciones que han implicado adecuaciones en la definición del objeto, en las aplicaciones metodológicas y en el tipo de resultados, además de una reflexión sobre el punto de encuentro entre estas dos tradiciones. ABSTRACT This article applies a legal anthropology approach to exploration and development of new research practices in the human rights field, based on the experience accumulated in recent years by the Inter-American Institute on Human Rights. The process has included the review and reorientation of research trends in this theme, with the purpose, on one hand, of steering toward departure from the privileged role held by analyses of rights violations, in favor of the incorporation of other paths of exploration that address variations in their promotion and protection. And, on the other hand, to favor an adequate balance between the legal perspective and the political and social perspectives of phenomena related to human rights and democracy. The article presents frameworks on the development of legal anthropology and approaches to human rights research, as well as examples of some applications that have implied adaptations in the definition of the object, in methodological applications, and in types of results, as well as a reflection on the meeting point between these two traditions.

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Desertification is a prisoner of history: An essay on why young scientists should care

Ecosistemas ◽

10.7818/ecos.2302 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 2302

Author(s):

James F. Reynolds

Keyword(s):

United Nations ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Historical Events ◽

Historical Process ◽

United Nations Convention ◽

The United Nations ◽

Definition Of

Since its origins, the concept of desertification has been shrouded in controversy and ambiguity. As a result, no single definition of the term has been acceptable; there is no agreement on its extent or seriousness; and the solutions proposed are often disparate and counterproductive. This essay suggests all of this is due to the concept of desertification being a permanent ‘prisoner of history’, a historical process led by the United Nations Convention on Desertification (UNCCD). In this essay, I describe why the prisoner of history narrative applies to the concept of desertification. To do this, I review the historical events that built a metaphorical prison for desertification; show why definitions of the term ‘desertification’ are products of this prison; describe how so much misunderstanding and confusion in this field has led to real, negative consequences; and lastly, provide recommendations to young scientists as to how to avoid becoming incarcerated in this prison.

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A Definição Tradicional do Conhecimento

Philosophica: International Journal for the History of Philosophy ◽

10.5840/philosophica2010183627 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 18 (36) ◽

pp. 127-148

Author(s):

Luís Estevinha ◽

Keyword(s):

Epistemic Justification ◽

Propositional Knowledge ◽

Historical Events ◽

Close Attention ◽

Gettier Problem ◽

Traditional Definition ◽

Correct Definition ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Definition Of

The search for a correct definition of propositional knowledge took place in the second half of the last Century. In this paper, I wish to submit an introduction to the topic. I start by offering basic notions of belief, truth and epistemic justification. Then I use those basic notions to shed some light over the nature of the so called Traditional Definition of Knowledge (TDC). I do that by focusing on those which, by my own lights, seem to be the most salient historical events and philosophical views canvassing the issue of the TDC on that period of time; crucially, I pay close attention to the arguments submitted by Edmund Gettier against the sufficiency of the TDC, keeping in mind that nowadays almost everybody concurs that those arguments falsify it. The article also offers a brief taxonomy of the possible answers to the so-called Gettier Problem and describes the most recent developments on this debate.

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Expression Types of 19th-Century Symphonic Music: The Cases of the Glorifying Hymnic and the Majestic Chorale

10.31219/osf.io/hgqnt ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Frank Hentschel

Keyword(s):

19Th Century ◽

Expressive Power ◽

Orchestral Music ◽

Historical Events ◽

Music Psychology ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Systematic Musicology ◽

Definition Of ◽

The 19Th Century

We take music’s expressive power for granted. Yet, this aspect poses many puzzling problems for musicological research. One of them is how to approach the effect of music historically since satisfactory sources about music’s emotional qualities are rare and one needs to be cautious in transferring results of recent music psychology or cognitive musicology back to the 19th century. Therefore, the present article proposes a kind of historical music psychology. Developing a method partly inspired by systematic musicology, yet clearly historical, this study offers a possible solution to that problem. It does so by way of a case study on two specific and closely related kinds of loud music passages that have been labeled the ‘Glorifying Hymnic’ and the ‘Majestic Chorale’ respectively. It provides a definition of these types of music passages and—combining qualitative and quantitative approaches—it investigates the contemporary perception of these passages using evidence from contemporary witnesses. The sample focuses on orchestral music such as symphonies, concertos, symphonic poems, and overtures including works from Beethoven, Berlioz, Mendelssohn, Bristow, Brahms, Saint-Saëns, Tchaikovsky, Cliffe, and many other composers. In a final step, the article explores the dissemination of the ‘Glorifying Hymnic’ in 19th-century music and draws attention to contemporary historical events in an attempt to link the expression type of the ‘Glorifying Hymnic’ to historical events and phenomena such as nationalism, religion, and imperialism.

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