Nondestructive Method for Estimation of Chloride Profiles: Correlation between Electrical Resistivity and Holliday-Empirical Equation

2020 ◽  
Vol 146 (10) ◽  
pp. 04020119
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Tino Balestra ◽  
Thiago Alessi Reichert ◽  
Gustavo Savaris ◽  
Wagner Alessandro Pansera ◽  
Ronaldo A. Medeiros-Junior
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Chloride Profiles

Degradation Evaluation of 2.25Cr-1Mo Steel Using Nondestructive Method

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 1951-1957
Author(s):  
Jong Seo Park ◽  
Un Bong Baek ◽  
Jeong Min Kim ◽  
Seung Hoon Nahm ◽  
Bong Young Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Ultrasonic Attenuation ◽  
Indentation Test ◽  
Creep Damage ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Magnetic Characteristics ◽  
Isothermal Heat Treatment ◽  
Material Degradation ◽  
Aging Parameter ◽  
Degradation Evaluation

Several nondestructive evaluation methods were attempted for the estimation of the creep damage of degraded 2.25Cr-1Mo steel. The specimens of three different aging periods were prepared by an isothermal heat treatment at 430°C, 482°C, and 515°C. The effect of probe configuration on the electrical resistivity was studied. Single configuration method and dual-configuration method were utilized for measuring electrical resistivity. The electrical resistivity was determined by a standard DC four-point probe method at 24±0.5°C. Indentation test, magnetic characteristics test and ultrasonic test were carried out to investigate the correlation between the major characteristics and aging parameter. Unlike the electrical resistivity characteristics, ultrasonic attenuation coefficient and indentation characteristics did not show a relation to Larson-Miller parameter. However, a correlation between the electrical resistivity and aging parameter was identified, which allows one to estimate the extent of material degradation.

scholarly journals Cross-Section Resistivity Detection of Tree (Swietenia Magahoni and Gmelina) Using ERT Method

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Evi Fazriati ◽  
Asep Purnama ◽  
Gian Agistian Algifari ◽  
Irene Siti Amilah Muslimah ◽  
Fitria Hapsari Puteri Sumanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Living Tree ◽  
Value Range ◽  
2D Resistivity ◽  
Swietenia Mahagoni ◽  
Monitoring Activity

The existence of trees is very beneficial for humans’ life. There are utilizations of tree such as urban planning and reforestation. However, the tree can be dangerous when the tree is aged and decay because of several factors that might be cause fallen tree. Furthermore, the monitoring activity is needed to know the condition of the tree. One of the methods that can be used to detect hollow in living tree is Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT). The ERT is an efficient and nondestructive method that can be potential to estimate resistivity cross section. The measurement of ERT conducted on Swietenia mahagoni and Gmelina with unhealthy and healthy condition visually. The data processed using Res2Dinv and reconstructed for obtaining 2D resistivity cross section. The results shows that the unhealthy Swietenia mahagoni has logarithmic resistivity value range between 0.1-1 Ωm and the healthy Swietenia mahagoni has 1-4 Ωm. Meanwhile, the unhealthy and healthy Gmelina has logarithmic resistivity value range between 0.5-4.5 Ωm and 0.5-3 Ωm, respectively. It is shows that the tree indicated health visually from biological view does not mean the tree is decay. It might be influenced by phenology factor and/or the species of the tree.

scholarly journals Radial Electrical Resistivity Measurements of Rocks on Laboratory Core Samples Using an Electromagnetic Sensor: Macro and Micro Eddy Currents

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Noureddine Ben Aoun ◽  
Abdessalem Kouki ◽  
Nourallah Aouina ◽  
Abdesslem Ben Haj Amara
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Eddy Currents ◽  
Magnetic Hysteresis ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Imaginary Component ◽  
Hysteresis Phenomenon ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Electromagnetic Sensor ◽  
Bulk Magnetic Susceptibility

Rocks subjected to weak alternating magnetic fields exhibit a magnetic hysteresis phenomenon due to the magnetic susceptibility and chemical composition of ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic mineral grains. In order to characterize the physical properties of rocks, magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistivity measurements have been carried out. So a device has been developed in our laboratory as a highly sensitive sensor to measure the magnetic and electrical properties of rocks. This work deals with a nondestructive method to analyze these properties. A ballistic method has been considered by using a search coil in a sensitive alternating current bridge. Usually, the use of the complex ac magnetic susceptibility is convenient to reach the bulk magnetic susceptibility, where the imaginary component is often very weak and neglected. In this paper, we have considered this to determine the electrical resistivity of rocks.

In-situ electrical-resistivity measurements in the high-voltage electron microscope

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
W. E. King
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage Electron ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Helium Gas

A side-entry type, helium-temperature specimen stage that has the capability of in-situ electrical-resistivity measurements has been designed and developed for use in the AEI-EM7 1200-kV electron microscope at Argonne National Laboratory. The electrical-resistivity measurements complement the high-voltage electron microscope (HVEM) to yield a unique opportunity to investigate defect production in metals by electron irradiation over a wide range of defect concentrations.A flow cryostat that uses helium gas as a coolant is employed to attain and maintain any specified temperature between 10 and 300 K. The helium gas coolant eliminates the vibrations that arise from boiling liquid helium and the temperature instabilities due to alternating heat-transfer mechanisms in the two-phase temperature regime (4.215 K). Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the liquid/gaseous helium transfer system. A liquid-gas mixture can be used for fast cooldown. The cold tip of the transfer tube is inserted coincident with the tilt axis of the specimen stage, and the end of the coolant flow tube is positioned without contact within the heat exchanger of the copper specimen block (Fig. 2).

The stabilization of B.C.C. Cu in Cu/Nb nanolayered composites

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 228-229
Author(s):  
H. Kung ◽  
A.J. Griffin ◽  
Y.C. Lu ◽  
K.E. Sickafus ◽  
T.E. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metastable Structure ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Potential Improvement ◽  
Two Phases

Materials with compositionally modulated structures have gained much attention recently due to potential improvement in electrical, magnetic and mechanical properties. Specifically, Cu-Nb laminate systems have been extensively studied mainly due to the combination of high strength, and superior thermal and electrical conductivity that can be obtained and optimized for the different applications. The effect of layer thickness on the hardness, residual stress and electrical resistivity has been investigated. In general, increases in hardness and electrical resistivity have been observed with decreasing layer thickness. In addition, reduction in structural scale has caused the formation of a metastable structure which exhibits uniquely different properties. In this study, we report the formation of b.c.c. Cu in highly textured Cu/Nb nanolayers. A series of Cu/Nb nanolayered films, with alternating Cu and Nb layers, were prepared by dc magnetron sputtering onto Si {100} wafers. The nominal total thickness of each layered film was 1 μm. The layer thickness was varied between 1 nm and 500 nm with the volume fraction of the two phases kept constant at 50%. The deposition rates and film densities were determined through a combination of profilometry and ion beam analysis techniques. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) was used to examine the structure, phase and grain size distribution of the as-sputtered films. A JEOL 3000F high resolution TEM was used to characterize the microstructure.

Chemical structure of diamond-like carbon thin films

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-711
Author(s):  
N.-H. Cho ◽  
K.M. Krishnan ◽  
D.B. Bogy
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Sputtering Power ◽  
Data Aquisition ◽  
Equilibrium Phases ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Power Densities ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have attracted much attention due to their useful properties and applications. These properties are quite variable depending on film preparation techniques and conditions, DLC is a metastable state formed from highly non-equilibrium phases during the condensation of ionized particles. The nature of the films is therefore strongly dependent on their particular chemical structures. In this study, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) was used to investigate how the chemical bonding configurations of DLC films vary as a function of sputtering power densities. The electrical resistivity of the films was determined, and related to their chemical structure.DLC films with a thickness of about 300Å were prepared at 0.1, 1.1, 2.1, and 10.0 watts/cm2, respectively, on NaCl substrates by d.c. magnetron sputtering. EEL spectra were obtained from diamond, graphite, and the films using a JEOL 200 CX electron microscope operating at 200 kV. A Gatan parallel EEL spectrometer and a Kevex data aquisition system were used to analyze the energy distribution of transmitted electrons. The electrical resistivity of the films was measured by the four point probe method.

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