High sensitivity image intensifier‐TV detector for x‐ray diffraction studies

1978 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 1241-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geo. T. Reynolds ◽  
J. R. Milch ◽  
S. M. Gruner
Keyword(s):  
Image Intensifier ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Direct Production of a Novel Iron-Based Nanocomposite from the Laser Pyrolysis ofFe(CO)5/MMAMixtures: Structural and Sensing Properties

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Alexandrescu ◽  
I. Morjan ◽  
A. Tomescu ◽  
C. E. Simion ◽  
M. Scarisoreanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metallic Particles ◽  
Ir Laser ◽  
Iron Iron ◽  
Optimum Working

Iron/iron oxide-based nanocomposites were prepared by IR laser sensitized pyrolysis ofFe(CO)5and methyl methacrylate (MMA) mixtures. The morphology of nanopowder analyzed by TEM indicated that mainly core-shell structures were obtained. X-ray diffraction techniques evidence the cores as formed mainly by iron/iron oxide crystalline phases. A partially degraded (carbonized) polymeric matrix is suggested for the coverage of the metallic particles. The nanocomposite structure at the variation of the laser density and of the MMA flow was studied. The new materials prepared as thick films were tested for their potential for acting as gas sensors. The temporal variation of the electrical resistance in presence ofNO2, CO, andCO2, in dry and humid air was recorded. Preliminary results show that the samples obtained at higher laser power density exhibit rather high sensitivity towardsNO2detection andNO2selectivity relatively to CO andCO2. An optimum working temperature of200°Cwas found.

scholarly journals Construction of Two Stable Co(II)-Based Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks as a Luminescent Probe for Recognition of Fe3+ and Cr2O72− in H2O

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5955
Author(s):  
Qi-Ying Weng ◽  
Ya-Li Zhao ◽  
Jia-Ming Li ◽  
Miao Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cobalt Atom ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chlorobenzoic Acid ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

A pair of cobalt(II)-based hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), [Co(pca)2(bmimb)]n (1) and [Co2(pca)4(bimb)2] (2), where Hpca = p-chlorobenzoic acid, bmimb = 1,3-bis((2-methylimidazol-1-yl)methyl)benzene, and bimb = 1,4-bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized through infrared spectroscopy (IR), elemental and thermal analysis (EA), power X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) analyses. X-ray diffraction structural analysis revealed that 1 has a one-dimensional (1D) infinite chain network through the deprotonated pca− monodentate chelation and with a μ2-bmimb bridge Co(II) atom, and 2 is a binuclear Co(II) complex construction with a pair of symmetry-related pca− and bimb ligands. For both 1 and 2, each cobalt atom has four coordinated twisted tetrahedral configurations with a N2O2 donor set. Then, 1 and 2 are further extended into three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional (2D) hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks through C–H···Cl interactions. Topologically, HOFs 1 and 2 can be simplified as a 4-connected qtz topology with a Schläfli symbol {64·82} and a 4-connected sql topology with a Schläfli symbol {44·62}, respectively. The fluorescent sensing application of 1 was investigated; 1 exhibits high sensitivity recognition for Fe3+ (Ksv: 10970 M−1 and detection limit: 19 μM) and Cr2O72− (Ksv: 12960 M−1 and detection limit: 20 μM). This work provides a feasible detection platform of HOFs for highly sensitive discrimination of Fe3+ and Cr2O72− in aqueous media.

PERFORMANCE OF pH SENSOR ELECTRODE BASED ON ZnO NRs ON FTO-GLASS SUBSTRATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (08) ◽  
pp. 1950198
Author(s):  
ABDULQADER D. FAISAL ◽  
MOHAMMAD O. DAWOOD ◽  
HASSAN H. HUSSEIN ◽  
KHALEEL I. HASSOON
Keyword(s):  
Seed Layer ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Ph Sensor ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Hydrothermal Growth ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zno Nanocrystals ◽  
Electrode Cell ◽  
Fto Glass

In this work, ZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs) were successfully synthesized on FTO-glass via hydrothermal technique. Two steps were followed to grow ZnO NRs. In the first step, the seed layer of ZnO nanocrystals was deposited by using a drop cast method. The second step was represented by the hydrothermal growth of ZnO NRs on a pre-coated FTO- glass with the seed layer. The hydrothermal growth was conducted at 90∘C for 2[Formula: see text]h. The resulted structure, morphology and optical properties of the produced layers were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and UV-visible spectrophotometer, respectively. The analysis confirmed that the ZnO NRs grown by the hydrothermal method have a hexagonal crystal structure which was grown randomly on the FTO surface. The crystallite size was recorded 50[Formula: see text]nm and a slight microstrain (0.142%) was calculated. The bandgap was found to be in the range of 3.14–3.17[Formula: see text]eV. The ZnO NRs have a high density and large aspect ratio. A pH sensor with high sensitivity was fabricated using a two-electrode cell configuration. The ZnO NRs sensor showed the sensitivity of [Formula: see text]59.03[Formula: see text]mV/pH, which is quite promising and close to the theoretical value ([Formula: see text]59.12[Formula: see text]mV/pH).

Synthesis of Trilaminar Core–Shell Au/α-Fe2O3@SnO2Nanocomposites and their Application for Nonenzymatic Dopamine Electrochemical Sensing

NANO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1950138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Zhang ◽  
Shijun Yue ◽  
Jiajia Li ◽  
Jianbin Zheng ◽  
Guojie Gao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Transmission Electron

Au nanoparticles anchored on core–shell [Formula: see text]-Fe2O3@SnO2 nanospindles were successfully constructed through hydrothermal synthesis process and used for fabricating a novel nonenzymatic dopamine (DA) sensor. The structure and morphology of the Au/[Formula: see text]-Fe2O3@SnO2 trilaminar nanohybrid film were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical properties of the sensor were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and amperometry. The experimental results suggest that the composites have excellent catalytic property toward DA with a wide linear range from 0.5[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M to 0.47[Formula: see text]mM, a low detection limit of 0.17[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M (S/[Formula: see text]) and high sensitivity of 397.1[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]mM[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]. In addition, the sensor exhibits long-term stability, good reproducibility and anti-interference.

Green preparation of carbon dots for Hg2+ detection and cell imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1777-1787
Author(s):  
Yadian Xie ◽  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Ning Fu ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
Xingliang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Carbon Dots ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity ◽  
Ft Ir

Carbon dots (CDs) also nitrogen-doped CDs (N-CDs) were produced by green hydrothermal synthesis using Pea and ethanediamine as the carbon and nitrogen source, separately. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images displayed that the prepared CDs and N-CDs were well dispersed, had a spherical morphology. X-ray diffraction (XRD) figures of CDs and N-CDs presented a graphitic amorphous structure. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) verified that CDs and N-CDs carried many different hydrophilic groups (for example hydroxyl, carboxyl/carbonyl, amide, amino groups) on the surface, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) together verified this result. However, the optical properties and fluorescence quantum yield for N-CDs were obviously superior to those of CDs. Furthermore, the prepared N-CDs displayed outstanding advantages including low toxicity, satisfactory biocompatibility, and excellent chemical stability. More prominently, the prepared N-CDs could detect Hg2+ ions with high sensitivity and selectivity in both water samples and HeLa cells.

scholarly journals Structural and Optical Studies of Potential Ferroelectric Crystal: KDP Doped TGS

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Deepti ◽  
J. Shanti
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Detectors ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Grown Crystal ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Ferroelectric Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Optical Studies ◽  
Ferroelectric Crystal ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Triglycine sulphate (TGS), an important ferroelectric material has been widely used in the fabrication of high sensitivity infrared detectors at room temperature. Single crystals of KDP doped TGS was grown by slow evaporation method at room temperature in this study. The grown crystal was characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction studies, and ferroelectric studies. KDP doped TGS crystals were found to be highly transparent and full faced. The experimental results evidence the suitability of the grown crystal for optoelectronic applications.  Keywords: Crystal growth; KDP-doped TGS; Ferroelectric studies  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.16584 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 1-9 (2014)

Flash X-Ray Diffraction Systems

1972 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 229-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Dantzig ◽  
Robert E. Green
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Image Intensifier ◽  
Electron Beam Current ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Output Window ◽  
Visible Image ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

AbstractIn order to develop an optimum system for flash x-ray diffraction, consideration must be given to both optimum x-ray generation and optimum x-ray detection in the correct wavelength regime suitable for diffraction. Historically, most workers have concentrated their efforts in either the generation area or detection area, but not both. As early as 1942, experimental recording of Laue diffraction patterns was reported using a pulsed x-ray generator and exposure times of milliseconds. Recently, successful x-ray diffraction experiments have been reported with exposure times less than 100 nanoseconds.The purpose of the present paper is to trace the development of generation and detection systems for flash x-ray diffraction and to summarize the present state-of-the-art for such systems. A comparative evaluation is presented for flash x-ray diffraction systems using generators which rely on increased electron beam current and those which rely on higher potential difference. Comparison is also made between detection systems incorporating film recording, scintillators fiber-optically coupled to photomultiplier tubes, and image-intensifier systems both lens and fiber-optically coupled to fluorescent screens.A detailed description of the most rapid flash x-ray diffraction system developed to date is given. This system uses a Field Emission Fexitron single channel 300 kilovolt pulsed x-ray generator incorporating an x-ray tube with a beryllium output window. A fluorescent screen converts the x-ray diffraction image into a visible one and this visible image is focused on the first stage photocathode of an image intensifier tube either by direct fiber-optic coupling or by using a coupling lens. The image intensifier tube used is a cascaded three-stage electrostatic focus type with fiber-optic input and output faceplates and inter-stage couplers. Using this system Laue transmission diffraction patterns of single crystals and powder patterns of polycrystalline aggregates have been obtained with exposure times of 30 nanoseconds.

Laue X-ray diffraction studies of the structural perfection of Al-doped thermomigration channels in silicon

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 588-596
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Lomov ◽  
Vasily I. Punegov ◽  
Boris M. Seredin
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Dynamical Theory ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structural Perfection ◽  
Laue Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structural Distortions ◽  
Further Development

Si(111) wafers patterned with an array of vertical 100 µm-wide Al-doped (1 × 1019 cm−3) p-channels extending through the whole wafer were studied by X-ray Laue diffraction techniques. The X-ray techniques included projection topography, and measurement of rocking curves and cross sections in the vicinity of the 02\overline 2 reciprocal space node in the double- and triple-crystal geometry, respectively. The channels are uniform along the depth of the wafer, and their structural perfection is comparable to that of the silicon matrix between the channels. Simulation of the rocking curves was performed using the methods of the dynamical theory of X-ray diffraction. The rocking-curve calculations both taking into account and neglecting the effect of the instrumental function were carried out using the Takagi–Taupin equations. The calculated angular dependences of intensities of both diffracted and transmitted X-rays correspond well to the experimentally obtained rocking curves and demonstrate their high sensitivity to the structural distortions in the channel. An unambiguous reconstruction of strain and structural distortions in the Si(Al) channel using the Laue diffraction data requires further development of the theoretical model.

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