Studies Concerning the Accumulation of Minerals and Heavy Metals in Fruiting Bodies of Wild Mushrooms

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Stihi ◽  
Anca Gheboianu ◽  
Cristiana Radulescu ◽  
Ion V. Popescu ◽  
Gabriela Busuioc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Wild Mushrooms

scholarly journals The Uptake Mechanism of Cd(II), Cr(VI), Cu(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) by Mycelia and Fruiting Bodies ofGalerina vittiformis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilna Damodaran ◽  
Raj Mohan Balakrishnan ◽  
Vidya K. Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Metal Stress ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Tolerance Mechanism ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Uptake Mechanism ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Analytical Tools

Optimum concentrations of heavy metals like copper, cadmium, lead, chromium, and zinc in soil are essential in carrying out various cellular activities in minimum concentrations and hence help in sustaining all life forms, although higher concentration of these metals is lethal to most of the life forms.Galerina vittiformis, a macrofungus, was found to accumulate these heavy metals into its fleshy fruiting body in the order Pb(II) > Cd(II) > Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Cr(VI) from 50 mg/kg soil. It possesses various ranges of potential cellular mechanisms that may be involved in detoxification of heavy metals and thus increases its tolerance to heavy metal stress, mainly by producing organic acids and phytochelatins (PCs). These components help in repairing stress damaged proteins and compartmentalisation of metals to vacuoles. The stress tolerance mechanism can be deduced by various analytical tools like SEM-EDX, FTIR, and LC-MS. Production of two kinds of phytochelatins was observed in the organism in response to metal stress.

The content of selected heavy metals in fruiting bodies of Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach. wild growing in Poland 

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Bosiacki ◽  
Sławomir Krzebietke ◽  
Maciej Bosiacki ◽  
Marek Siwulski ◽  
Krzysztof Sobieralski
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Fruiting Bodies

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of Boletus edulis suggests that intra-specific competition may reduce local genetic diversity as a woodland ages

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 200419
Author(s):  
J. I. Hoffman ◽  
R. Nagel ◽  
V. Litzke ◽  
D. A. Wells ◽  
W. Amos
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mating Systems ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Microsatellite Genotyping ◽  
Wild Mushrooms ◽  
Geographic Scale ◽  
Boletus Edulis ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
New Habitats

Ectomycorrhizal fungi are key players in terrestrial ecosystems yet their mating systems and population dynamics remain poorly understood. We investigated the fine-scale relatedness structure and genetic diversity of Boletus edulis , one of the world's most commercially important wild mushrooms. Microsatellite genotyping of fruiting bodies from 14 different sites around Bielefeld in Germany revealed little in the way of population structure over a geographic scale of several kilometres. However, on a more local scale we found evidence for elevated relatedness as well as inbreeding. We also observed a significant negative association between the genetic diversity of fruit and the age of the trees under which they were sampled. Taken together, our results suggest that as genets mature, they compete and potentially create conditions under which further spores struggle to become established. By implication, even though this species is widely picked, propagules remain common enough to create strong competition when new habitats become available.

Bioconcentration Factors and Potential Human Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Cultivated Lentinus edodes in Chengdu, People's Republic of China

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 390-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
DONGHUI PEI ◽  
HAN XIE ◽  
HAIHAI SONG ◽  
HENG XU ◽  
YUMENG WU
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Lentinus Edodes ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Bioconcentration Factors ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Republic Of China

Lentinus edodes is one of the most popular edible mushrooms in the market. However, it contains heavy metals that are poisonous to humans even at trace concentrations. The concentrations and bioconcentration factors of five heavy metals in cultivated L. edodes in Chengdu were studied, and the potential health risks to local residents associated with the cultivated L. edodes consumption were evaluated. Total concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), and mercury were determined in the fruiting bodies and the substrate from three agricultural areas. Fruiting bodies samples were collected at different growing times (2, 4, 6, and 8 days). The bioconcentration factors of heavy metals from the substrate to the fruiting bodies were estimated, and the potential health risks of local L. edodes were assessed. Because antioxidant enzymes can resist the creation of reactive oxygen species and defend against heavy metals, the activities of three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase) in the fruiting bodies were also determined. A gradual change in heavy metal concentrations occurred across the growing time of the fruiting bodies. Cd transferred from the substrate to the fruiting bodies in larger concentrations than did Pb, Cr, and As. However, Chengdu residents were not exposed to significant health risks associated with consumption of local L. edodes. Nevertheless, more attention should be focused on children because of their higher sensitivity to metal pollutants.

scholarly journals Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Wild Mushrooms in Ibadan, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinatu Charity Ndimele ◽  
Prince Emeka Ndimele ◽  
Kanayo Stephen Chukwuka
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Wild Mushrooms ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Background. Many companies in Nigeria generate industrial effluents, including heavy metals. These metals can be accumulated by biota such as mushrooms, which are then eaten by the populace. Objectives. The present study investigates the metal content of wild mushrooms in order to educate the local population on the safety of their consumption. Methods. Seven different species of wild mushrooms (Cortinarius melliolens, Chlorophyllum brunneum, Pleurotus florida, Volvariella speciosa, Cantharellus cibarius, Entoloma spp and Coprinus africana) growing in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria were analyzed for their heavy metal (copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)) contents using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results. The concentrations of the heavy metals in the mushrooms and substrate varied by site of collection. The highest concentrations of Cu (92.31±8.42 mg/kg), Pb (76.00±9.78 mg/kg) and Cd (92.45±12.34 mg/kg) were obtained in C. africana, P. florida and V. speciosa, respectively. The lowest contents of Cu (56.00±5.02 mg/kg), and Cd (67.92±5.89 mg/kg) were obtained from C. melliolens, while C. cibarius had the lowest concentration of Pb (40.00±3.56 mg/kg). The highest concentrations of Pb (20.40±3.43 mg/kg) and Cd (26.40±4.34 mg/kg) were obtained in the substrate of C. molybdites, while the lowest Pb (12.40±2.12 mg/kg) and Cd (18.00±3.90 mg/kg) occurred in V. speciosa and C. cibarius, respectively. The bioaccumulation factors of the mushroom species studied ranged from 2.84 – 14.60. Conclusions. The present study found that heavy metal accumulation varied by species of mushroom, metal content of the substrate and the bioavailability of the metal in the mushroom. The level of metals in mushrooms in the present study was relatively high. Therefore, cultivation of mushrooms in heavy metal-free soil should be encouraged. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

scholarly journals Accumulation of heavy metals by wild and cultivated mushrooms (review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
A. V. Krasnikov ◽  
V. S. Selikhova ◽  
E. S. Krasnikova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Wild Mushrooms ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Heavy Metals Accumulation ◽  
Anthropogenic Environment ◽  
Metals Accumulation ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Cultivated Mushrooms

 The article is devoted to the problem of consequences of anthropogenic environment pollution with heavy metals and their salts. The review presents data on food products that most actively accumulate them. It is shown that edible wild-growing and cultivated mushrooms are classified as such. At the same time, there are no normative documents regulating the maximum permissible values of heavy metals content for wild mushrooms. Herewith, among the wild-growing mushrooms, there are species that are most prone to the heavy metals accumulation. According to the authors, the issue of studying the accumulation of heavy metals by fungi growing near cities with developed industry is relevant. It is required to develop methodological approaches for their detection in wild-growing edible mushrooms and regulatory documents regulating their admission to the retail network. 

scholarly journals Ectomycorrhizal Fungi on South Kalimantan Serpentine Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudy Hermawan ◽  
Witiyasti Imaningsih ◽  
Badruzsaufari Badruzsaufari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Serpentine Soil ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Genus Identification ◽  
Manganese Chromium ◽  
Cobalt And Nickel

Serpentine soil contains highly heavy metals, such as manganese, chromium, cobalt, and nickel,which could bean inappropriate growthmediaofmostplants. Someplants thatfound able to grow optimally on South Kalimantan serpentine soil have been known to do association with ectomycorrhizal fungi. This research aimed to obtain and characterize mushrooms assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi indigenous South Kalimantan serpentine soil. This study used field exploration of fungal fruiting bodies and identified the genus based on morphological characters of fruiting bodies such as shape, size, and ornamentation, which are unique for the genus identification, then compared the characteristics on mushroomexpert.com. The mushrooms were also confirmed of genera assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi based on mycorrhizas.info. Seven fruiting bodies were obtained and classified as Cantharellus (Ct), Chlorophyllum (Ch1 and Ch2), Lycoperdon (Ly), Ramaria (Rm1 and Rm2), and Thelephora (Tp). The results showed that all of those fruiting bodies belong to Basidiomycetes. There were 4 genera of Cantharellus, Lycoperdon, Ramaria, and Thelephora, assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi. But Chlorophyllum genus was never reported as ectomycorrhizal fungus

Determination of Heavy Metals in Wild Mushrooms from Western Bosnia

2021 ◽  
pp. 889-896
Author(s):  
Aida Sapcanin ◽  
Ekrem Pehlic ◽  
Emina Ramic ◽  
Selma Korac ◽  
Belma Pehlivanovic
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wild Mushrooms

scholarly journals Adaptation of Selected Ectomycorrhizal Fungi to Increased Concentration of Cadmium and Lead

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-491
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bandurska ◽  
Piotr Krupa ◽  
Agnieszka Berdowska ◽  
Magdalena Marczak
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Fungal Resistance ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Plants together with water and minerals actively take from the soil heavy metals such as cadmium and lead. The negative role of ions of these metals on plant growth and development depends not only on their concentration in the soil, but also on a number of factors that may affect the transport of minerals from the soil to the roots. The harmful effects of xenobiotics getting from the soil to the plants are limited by the organic compounds contained in the soil, soil structure and pH. Particularly noteworthy are biotic factors, such as bacteria and fungi which greatly limit the translocation of heavy metals. Stream of new scientific reports show that the symbiotic combination of fungi with plant roots so called mycorrhizae is a factor that may be important in reducing the impact of soil contamination by heavy metals. Mycorrhiza by filtering solutions of water and mineral salts stop a considerable amount of heavy metals in the internal mycelium or on its surface. It was proved that plants with properly formed mycorrhiza grow better in hard to renew lands, such as salty, sterile soils contaminated with industrial waste. Questions to which answer was sought in this study are: 1) whether mycorrhizal fungi for many years growing in the contaminated areas have managed to adapt to these adverse conditions and 2) do the same species derived from clean areas are less resistant to contamination by heavy metals? Stated problems tried to be solved based on the fruiting bodies of fungi collected from ectomycorrhizal fungi picked from the areas contaminated by industrial emissions and areas free of contamination. The interaction of cadmium and lead ions on the growth of mycelium was examined by plate method and binding of heavy metals in fruiting structures of fungi were done by colorimetric method with use of methylene blue. It has been shown that the fungal resistance, even of the same species, to high concentration of heavy metals varies depending on the origin of symbiont. Isolated fungi from contaminated areas are better adapted to high concentrations of xenobiotics. Ability to bind cadmium and lead to fruiting bodies of fungi varies.

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