Effects of Nano-kaolin clay on the rutting resistance of asphalt binder

The main objectives of this work were to investigate the physical and rheological properties of nano zinc oxide (NaZO) flake structure as a modifier in asphalt binder. NaZO was produced with hydrothermal method by using two precursors, which are zinc nitrate and sodium hydroxide. NaZO was mixed with virgin binder 60/70 penetration grade at 3%, 5% and 7% of asphalt binder weight, respectively. The physical properties were evaluated by conventional testing, such as penetration, softening point and viscosity. Meanwhile, the rheological property, such as rutting resistance, was measured by using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) for unaged and rolling thin film oven (RTFO) aged. It was observed that the penetration value was decreased and the softening point increased with increasing NaZO concentrations. In addition, the rutting resistance factor was increased for the modified binder. A comparison between the modified binder, 7% NaZO, showed a greater resistance to rutting before and after aging. Results of this study showed that the NaZO addition had increased the asphalt binder stiffness ; thus, could contribute to better resistance to permanent deformation.

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Effect of Various Metal Hydroxide Flame Retardants on the Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binder

Materials Science ◽

10.5755/j01.ms.25.3.21572 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 348-355

Author(s):

Lingzhu GU ◽

Tianhang ZHANG ◽

Kai ZHU ◽

Daquan TANG ◽

Ke WU

Keyword(s):

Rheological Properties ◽

Flame Retardants ◽

Asphalt Binder ◽

Thermal Cracking ◽

Hydrated Lime ◽

Metal Hydroxide ◽

Rutting Resistance ◽

Tunnel Fire ◽

Aging Resistance ◽

Modified Binder

Metal hydroxide has been widely used as flame retardant to reduce the hazards of tunnel fire, however, few researches investigate its effect on the rheological properties of asphalt binder systemically. This study explores and compares the effect and mechanisms of magnesium hydroxide (MH), aluminium hydroxide (ATH), hydrated lime (HL), and layer double hydroxides (LDHs) on the rutting resistance, anti-aging resistance, as well as the thermal cracking resistance of asphalt binder. Rotational viscosity (RV) test, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test, and bending beam rheometer (BBR) test are involved in the project. Test results indicate: (1) the addition of metal hydroxide generally improves the rutting resistance of asphalt binder during high temperatures due to the typical filler effect, while weakens the resistance to thermal cracking of binder at low temperatures because of the stress concentration; (2) HL and LDHs enhance the anti-aging resistance of asphalt binder; (3) LDHs modified binder, which is proved with better rheological properties, including great rutting resistance, anti-aging resistance and passable resistance to thermal cracking, is recommended for further use. However, the high procurement price is still a big obstacle for its wider application. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.25.3.21572

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Application of Bailey Method for Aggregate Grading Design of Continuous Dense Gradation Asphalt Mixture

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.413.154 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 413 ◽

pp. 154-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wei Zhu ◽

Hong Zhen Li ◽

Shi Rang Ma ◽

Da Bin Liu

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Design Method ◽

Asphalt Binder ◽

Asphalt Mixture ◽

Computational Procedure ◽

Ratio Test ◽

Strength Ratio ◽

Routine Method ◽

Aggregate Gradation ◽

Rutting Resistance

On the base of discussion and analysis of Bailey method for Aggregate Grading Design, the paper expounds particularly how to design Aggregate gradation of continuous dense gradation asphalt mixture by a accurate computational procedure, with the example of AC-20(asphalt cement 20 version) continuous dense gradation asphalt mixture design. It will benefit for designer to design graduation well. This also suggests using three ratios, [CA] Ratio, [FAc] Ratio and [FAf] Ratio, to analyze composite gradation. Thus the designed mixture has good rutting resistance and endurance. The key technologies about this design method were studied. In the context of the same asphalt binder and aggregate, two kinds of AC-20 aggregate gradations have been designed by using Bailey method and the routine method. With these two methods, several kinds of specimens for pavements performance tests has been made at separate optimum asphalt contents. These experiments have shown that the asphalt mixture designed by Bailey method has a better rutting resistance at high temperature, crack resistance at low temperature and durability than the one designed by the routine method. In these experiments, the dynamic stability is enhanced by one time to 6749 times/mm in rutting Test; the Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) is improved greatly in Water Susceptibility Tensile Strength Ratio Test, which is much larger than the required value in the specification; the maximum bending and tension strain is also enhanced. As a result, Bailey method can be widely used in aggregate grading design in practical engineering.

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Experimental Investigation on the Use of Selenice Natural Bitumen as an Additive for Pavement Materials

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14041023 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 1023

Author(s):

Chichun Hu ◽

Yucan Mai ◽

Augusto Cannone Falchetto ◽

Edith Tartari

Keyword(s):

Asphalt Binder ◽

Asphalt Mixture ◽

Future Research ◽

Natural Bitumen ◽

Moisture Susceptibility ◽

Chemical Test ◽

Rutting Resistance ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Middle Molecules ◽

Natural Asphalt

As a good asphalt modifier, natural asphalt has been the focus of more attention because of its low price and ability to improve the performance of modified asphalt. In this paper, the incorporation of a natural asphalt binder in the production of bituminous materials for pavement application in China was experimentally investigated to evaluate the feasibility of such a process and its potential benefits in terms of performance. For this purpose, an asphalt binder conventionally used in the south of China was blended with various percentages of a hard natural binder obtained from the region of Selenice in Albania. The content of Selenice natural bitumen (SNB) was 80.5%, having high molecular weight and the advantages of good stability and compatibility with virgin asphalt. The physical, rheological, and mechanical properties, as well as the modification mechanism of the binder and corresponding asphalt mixture, were evaluated in the laboratory. It was observed that the hard binder improved the response of the binder blend at high and intermediate temperature; this reflected a better stability, improved moisture susceptibility, and enhanced rutting resistance of the mixture. Fluorescence microscopy showed that after dissolving, the size of the SNB modifier became smaller and its distribution was uneven, presenting three forms, granular, agglomerated, and flocculent properties. Chemical test results showed that the modification mechanism of SNB was mainly related to the enhancement of hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces caused by sulfoxide and carbonyl along with the stress concentration caused by silica particles. Molecular composition revealed that the proportion of middle molecules has reduced while the proportion of large molecules has increased. It is considered that SNB is a promising low-priced natural modifier with excellent rutting resistance properties. Future research will be focused on the economic analysis, pavement life cycle assessment of SNB modified asphalt, and its application in perpetual pavements.

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Effect of PolyPhosphoric Acid on Rutting Resistance of Asphalt Concrete Mixture

Civil Engineering Journal ◽

10.28991/cej-2019-03091383 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

pp. 1929-1940

Author(s):

Hussein Burhan Raof ◽

Mohammed Qadir Ismael

Keyword(s):

Asphalt Binder ◽

Asphalt Mixture ◽

Evaluation Process ◽

Asphalt Binders ◽

Rutting Resistance ◽

Ambient Temperatures ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Modified Asphalt Binder ◽

Tracking Device ◽

Wheel Tracking

The action of high repeated trucks load associated with dramatically elevated ambient temperatures leads to the most harmful distress in asphalt pavements occurred in Iraq known as rutting. Essentially, it is produced from the accumulation of irrecoverable strains, which mainly occurred in the asphalt layers. That visually demonstrated as a longitudinal depression in the wheel paths as well as small upheavals to the sides. Poly Phosphoric Acid (PPA) has been used as a means of producing modified asphalt binders and the interest to use it has increased in recent years. The PPA provides modified asphalt binder, which is relatively cheaply produced compared to polymer-modified asphalt. In this paper, PPA was used by three-percentages 1, 2 and 3 % of the weight of asphalt binder. Two asphalt binder grades were used in this study, 40-50 and 60 -70. The evaluation process based on conducting Marshall Test, Compressive strength test and the Wheel Tracking test. The optimum asphalt content was determined for eight asphalt mixture. The results of the index of retained strength of modified asphalt were slightly increased compared with conventional mixtures. The rut depth was determined by using wheel tracking device at different temperature (45 and 55 ºC) for each asphalt mixture under 10000 cycles and the results showed that modified asphalt with PPA produced mixtures with more rutting resistance than conventional asphalt mixture. Moreover, the effect of PPA on rutting resistance for asphalt grade 60-70 was higher than asphalt grade 40-50.

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PERFORMANCE PREDICTION OF WARM MIX ASPHALT PAVEMENT CONTAINING RECLAIMED ASPHALT PAVEMENT IN RHODE ISLAND

10.23860/thesis-shrestha-neha-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Neha Shrestha ◽

Keyword(s):

Surface Layer ◽

Asphalt Pavement ◽

Asphalt Binder ◽

Fatigue Cracking ◽

Thermal Cracking ◽

Creep Recovery ◽

Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽

Cracking Resistance ◽

Rutting Resistance ◽

Reclaimed Asphalt

The warm mixed asphalt (WMA) technology has gained a lot of interests in the recent years in academia, state agencies and industries. WMA technology allows reductions in production and compaction temperatures guaranteeing relevant environmental and cost saving benefits. The purpose of the present study was to study and evaluate the performance of a typical additive in WMA pavement with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) on rutting, fatigue cracking and thermal cracking resistance on RI Route 102. In the present study, the asphalt binder was tested at different dosages of additive using Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR), Rolling Thin Film Oven (RTFO), Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV), Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) and Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR). From the overall test, it was found that 0.7% additive would lessen pavement damage due to rutting, fatigue cracking and thermal cracking. Based on the results of binder test, Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) and WMA specimens containing 20 % RAP were prepared using PG 58-28 asphalt binder and Superpave Gyratory Compactor (SGC). From the volumetric analysis of both HMA and WMA specimens, it was determined that the optimum binder content (OBC) for HMA with 20% RAP was 5.3 percent and the OBC for WMA (0.7% additive with RAP was 5.6%. It was found that the required amount of neat regular asphalt binder for WMA specimen was higher than the one required by HMA. HMA and WMA Specimens with each containing 20% RAP were prepared at OBC and indirect tensile (IDT) strength test were conducted on that specimen. The test indicated that the performance of HMA mixtures was better than WMA with same amount of RAP. RI Route 102 was used as case study in this research study. Route 102 was rehabilitated through Full Depth Reclamation (FDR) in 2015. First half road of RI Route 102 was built with HMA base and surface layer and the other half was built with WMA base and surface layer using a typical additive. It was found that both sections have similar value in Pavement Serviceability Index (PSI) and in International Roughness Index (IRI) at this time. Four specimens were prepared to predict the performance of asphalt pavement using the dynamic modulus and the master curve. Two HMA specimens each were prepared with and without RAP. Similarly, other two WMA specimens were prepared with and without RAP. These four specimens were tested with the Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester (AMPT) machine and developed the master curves for each specimen. The results of the material testing were used to predict the performance of each test sections by using AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design (PavementME) software. It was found that the WMA-RAP performed better in fatigue cracking resistance but was found to perform poor in rutting resistance than HMA and HMA-RAP. This indicated that fatigue cracking was not a problem with WMA-RAP mixtures whereas rutting resistance still requires further investigation and improvement.

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Enhancing rutting resistance of asphalt binder by adding plastic waste

Cogent Engineering ◽

10.1080/23311916.2018.1452472 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1452472 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ahmad M. Abu Abdo ◽

Mohammed E. Khater ◽

Filippo G. Pratico

Keyword(s):

Asphalt Binder ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Rutting Resistance

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Experimental Evaluation of Moisture Damage and Rutting Resistance for SBS Modified Warm Mix Asphalt Incorporating Recycled Asphalt Concrete

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.904.464 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 904 ◽

pp. 464-469

Author(s):

Mohammed Qadir Ismael

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Asphalt Concrete ◽

Experimental Evaluation ◽

Asphalt Binder ◽

Stability Index ◽

Warm Mix Asphalt ◽

Recycled Asphalt ◽

Moisture Susceptibility ◽

Rutting Resistance ◽

Styrene Butadiene

The efforts embedded in this paper have been devoted to designing, preparing, and testing warm mix asphalt (WMA) mixtures and comparing their behavior against traditional hot mix asphalt mixtures. For WMA preparation, the Sasobit wax additive has been added to a 40/50 asphalt binder with a concentration of 3%. An experimental evaluation has been performed by conducting the Marshall together with volumetric properties, indirect tensile strength, and wheel tracking tests to acquire the tensile strength ratio (TSR), retained stability index (RSI), and rut depth. It was found that the gained benefit of reduction in mixing and compaction temperatures was reversely associated with a noticeable decline in Marshall properties and moisture susceptibility indices designated by TSR, and RSI, and even the rut resistance was adversely affected. Modification of WMA mixtures by 3% of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) polymer coupled with replacement of virgin ingredient by 50% of recycled asphalt concrete granted a 20% and 15% growth in Marshall stability and tensile strength, respectively. Moreover, both TSR and IRS indices have risen to 87% and 90%, respectively associated with a 39% increase in rutting resistance ability.

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Evaluation of the Properties of Asphalt Mixes Modified with Diatomite and Lignin Fiber: A Review

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12030400 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 400 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yanchao Yue ◽

Moustafa Abdelsalam ◽

Dong Luo ◽

Ahmed Khater ◽

Josephine Musanyufu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Early Stage ◽

Asphalt Binder ◽

Traffic Density ◽

Optimum Amount ◽

Asphalt Mixes ◽

Rutting Resistance ◽

Asphalt Mix ◽

Overall Performance

Due to rapid growth of traffic density, the phenomenon of overloading on high-grade highways causes various modes of distresses to the pavement such as rutting, thermal cracking, and water damage. Modification of asphalt mixes is the most common solution to improve the performance of asphalt pavement to mitigate its damages. This paper provides a review on the influence of diatomite or lignin fiber as a modifier in asphalt mixes. In order to assess the effectiveness of selected additives on asphalt mix performance, several tests, such as wheel tracking, indirect tensile, three points bending, freeze thaw splitting, and marshall immersion, were reviewed. The review indicated that the addition of diatomite increases the high temperature rutting resistance of asphalt mixes, but some researchers observed that it has a little improvement on the low temperature performance of asphalt mixes and the optimum amount of diatomite at 12–14% of asphalt binder can be added into the mix. In contrast, lignin fiber has a significant effect on the low temperature cracking resistance of asphalt mixes; however, its influence on the high temperature rutting resistance of asphalt mix is limited, and the optimum amount of lignin fiber is 0.2–0.4% per asphalt mix composition. The review also indicated that the single additives haven’t the ability to enhance the overall performance of asphalt mix. Consequently, the utilization of double additives can improve the overall performance of asphalt mixes at the same time, but it is still in an early stage in the application of highway engineering due to all previous researches concentrated on the single modification. Moreover, this review suggests that the future use of diatomite and lignin fiber compound modified asphalt mix can improve the overall mix performance.

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