A Pattern Measure

10.1068/b2676 ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen Klinger ◽  
Nikos A Salingaros
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Composite Measure ◽  
Composite Measures ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Different Levels

In this paper we propose numerical measures for evaluating the aesthetic interest of simple patterns. The patterns consist of elements (symbols, pixels, etc) in regular square arrays. The measures depend on two characteristics of the patterns: the number of different types of element, and the number of symmetries in their arrangement. We define two complementary composite measures L and C for the degree of pattern in a design, and compute them here for 2 × 2 and 6 × 6 arrays. The results distinguish simple from high-variation cases. We suspect that the measure L corresponds to the degree that human beings intuitively feel a design to be “interesting”, so this model would aid in quantifying the visual connection of two-dimensional designs with viewers. The other composite measure C based on these numerical properties characterizes the extent of randomness of an array. Combining symbol variety with symmetry calculations allows us to employ hierarchical scaling to count the relative impact of different levels of scale. By identifying substructures we can distinguish between organized patterns and disorganized complexity. The measures described here are related to verbal descriptors derived from work by psychologists on responses to visual environments.

scholarly journals Nanometric SiC influence on tribological properties of phenolic composite materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
George PELIN
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Carbon Felt ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Laminated Materials ◽  
Phenolic Composite

This paper presents an experimental study of the influence of nano metric silicon carbide in the composition of phenolic composites on the coefficient of friction. The paper is divided into three distinct parts investigating from a tribological point of view three different types of composite materials based on phenolic resin with three concentrations of nSiC (0.5; 1 and 2% by mass). In the first part, a comparative study of the behavior of phenolic resin was performed, representing the basis for the development of composite materials. In the second part, a study was performed on laminated materials reinforced with two-dimensional fabrics (glass fiber and carbon fiber, respectively). The last part studied two types of ablative phenolic materials based on micronic cork, on one hand, and on carbon felt on the other hand.

scholarly journals Types of Love Between People: A Modern Perspective Using A Descriptive Assessment of Survey Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip D. Clingan
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Assessment ◽  
The Bible ◽  
True Love ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Modern Perspective

Love is the strong affection a person has towards the other person. Love can be between people of different gender, age, colour, social status, religion, or nationality. True love knows no boundaries, and that is why there exist different types of love. Most of the different types of love are derived from ancient Greek. The purpose of the study is to show why different people will have a different kind of love and why each of the love is important to the parties involved. The love between two people can take different forms, and two parties cannot have all the ten types of love discussed. The ten types of love discussed include love for parents, love for friends, agape love, love for animals, intimate love, selfish love, and unenduring love for friends, love for close friends, obsessive love towards people, and child love. Each of the love is unique in its way and is beneficial to both parties involved. The greatest of these types of love is agape love. A good example of agape love was portrayed in the life of Jesus in the Bible. He loved the human race unconditionally and gave all to save them from humanity. Also, child love and parent love are important types of love because they enhance strong bonds between parents and their children. Animal love can be obsessive because it will make a person become too close to animals in caring for them. However, it’s an important type of love because it creates a good relationship between human beings and animals. Animals tend to feel protected in the presence of human beings.

Effect of complete diets or separate feeding of long straw and concentrates on the performance of beef cattle

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
K D Sinclair ◽  
S Thomas ◽  
A MacDearmid ◽  
G Nemie
Keyword(s):  
Previous Experiment ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ammonia Treatment ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Levels

In a previous experiment, with different types of straw and different levels of concentrates in mixed diets, it was demonstrated that steers could achieve growth rates in excess of 1.2 kg/day using diets containing up to 0.45 straw, Kay et al (1988). Few farms are equipped for complete diet feeding and so an experiment was set up to ascertain whether similar performances could be achieved when feeding loose-mix concentrates with long straw.Thirty-six Hereford x Friesian heifers of 350 kg initial mean liveweight were allocated to one of four diets. The diets contained ammonia treated or untreated straw of the spring barley variety Doublet and were offered in either a complete mixed form containing 0.45 straw, or as long straw and concentrates fed separately with the concentrate mix consisting of barley, molassed beet pulp, fishmeal, urea, molasses and minerals. Ammonia treatment was carried out in an oven with 0.03 anhydrous ammonia for 24 hours. Complete diets were effected by processing straw through a tub grinder before transfer to a mixer wagon. Complete diets were offered ad libitum. Concentrates in the other diets were offered twice daily at a rate equivalent to that consumed by animals on the complete diets. Liveweight and feed intake data were recorded.

Quasistationary current contributions in electronic devices

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Neyts ◽  
J. Beeckman ◽  
F. Beunis
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Time Derivative ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dielectric Tensor ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Liquid Crystal Device ◽  
Electrode Current ◽  
Different Types

AbstractIn an electronic device, the current supplied to the electrodes is related to different types of processes inside the device: current density, change in spontaneous polarization, and change in dielectric properties. Two expressions for the electrode current are derived: one is based on the time derivative of the Shockley-Ramo theorem, the other on the time derivative of the dielectric tensor. This result is illustrated for a switching liquid crystal device and a two-dimensional flux tube.

scholarly journals ART, ARTISTS AND CONDOLENCES

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 277-280
Author(s):  
Sunita Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Aesthetic Consciousness ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Mind

English: Beauty, love, sensation, feeling and consciousness are social rites. With the continuous development of the developing living beings, they also evolved, rising above the category of human, monkey and forest man and became great human beings. His mind, mind, aesthetic consciousness and love continued to develop on the strength of his intellect and is still happening today. Man has always been a necessity of society and due to the desire for sociality, he has an attitude of love and love. Charles Darwin has accepted aesthetic consciousness even among non-human beings, but aesthetic consciousness is limited to sexual sensation only. Man has given aesthetic consciousness control from senses due to cultural and sociality. In terms of ray sensation, there are two types of organisms - one that attracts sunlight such as kitesurf, etc. and those who find the sunlight repellent like owl, chali etc. This difference is due to the anatomy of the animal and different types of senses. On the basis of this variation, other dimensions and aspects of the aesthetic consciousness of beings depend. Due to the characteristic of eye-brain relationship in humans, there is a difference in thinking towards beauty. The more aware, active and capable the mind is, its beauty-consciousness is sharp and sharp. Mahakavi Bihari has considered it a distinction- Hindi: सौन्दर्य, प्रेम, संवेदना, अनुभूति और चेतना आदि सामाजिक संस्कार है। विकासशील चैतन्य प्राणी के निरन्तर विकसित हाने से इनका भी विकास हुआ मानव,वानर और वनमनुष्य की श्रेणी से ऊपर उठकर महामानव बन गया। उसका मन, मस्तिष्क, सौन्दर्य चेतना और प्रेम निरन्तर उसकी बुद्धि के बल पर विकसित हुए और आज भी हो रहे हैं। मनुष्य को समाज की सदैव आवश्यकता रही और सामाजिकता की आकांक्षा के कारण ही उसमें सौन्दर्य प्रिय और प्रेम की वृत्ति होती है। चार्ल्स डार्विन ने मानवेतर प्राणियों में भी सौन्दर्य चेतना को स्वीकार किया है लेकिन उनमें सौन्दर्य चेतना केवल यौन-संवेदना तक सीमित है। मनुष्य ने सांस्कृतिकता एवं सामाजिकता के कारण सौन्दर्य चेतना को इन्द्रियों से नियन्त्रित धरातल दिया है। किरण संवेदना की दृष्टि से जीव दो प्रकार के होते हैं-एक वे जिन्हें सूर्य का प्रकाश आकर्षित करता है जैसे पतंगा चातक आदि दूसरे वे जिन्हें सूर्य का प्रकाश विकर्षक लगता है जैसे उल्लू, चाली आदि। यह भिन्नता प्राणी की शरीर रचना और इन्द्रियों के भिन्न प्रकार से निर्मित के कारण होती है। इसी भिन्नता के आधार पर प्राणियों की सौन्दर्य चेतना के अन्य आयाम और पक्ष निर्भर करते हैं। मनुष्य में नेत्र-मस्तिष्क सम्बन्ध की विशेषता के कारण सौन्दर्य के प्रति सोच में अन्तर आ जाता है। मस्तिष्क सौन्दर्य के प्रति जितना अधिक सजग, सक्रिय एवं समर्थ होगा, उसकी सौन्दर्य-चेतना उतनी ही तेज एवं प्रखर होती है। महाकवि बिहारी ने इसे भेद माना है-

scholarly journals The principle of dialogue in poems by Mikhail Yasnov for children

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-153
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Gubaidullina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Different Levels

The article focuses on Mikhail Yasnov’s poetry that is addressed to children of different ages, from younger preschoolers to older schoolchildren. Yasnov’s poetry is viewed as a corpus of texts united by several general principles: among them are the harmony of childhood and the child’s trust in the world. Another unifying principle is poetic dialogue, manifested at different levels of literary texts: from characters and imagery to metatextuality and the author’s consciousness. Dialogue in this paper is understood as overcoming a single point of view, an attempt to go beyond the personal I motivated by the attention to the Other. Yasnov’s poetry focuses on the search for similarities and differences between the phenomena of reality as it presents many voices and life positions. The concept of dialogue has great moral potential in children’s poetry as it contributes to the formation of empathy and development of self-knowledge in children. The aesthetic value of dialogue lays in the enrichment of the thematic and figurative structure of the lyrics.

Contamination Theory and Unpaid Community Work

1995 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Trotter
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
Community Work ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types

Community work has been available as a sentencing disposition in Australia for about 15 years. Little is known, however, about the relative impact of different types of community work placements on offenders. There is some evidence that when offenders are placed on worksites with other offenders, they may be influenced by those offenders and in turn become more criminal. On the other hand, offenders who are placed on worksites where they either work on their own, or alongside members of the community, may be influenced in a more prosocial direction. This study considers this issue and finds that offenders placed on worksites with other offenders are more likely to commit breaches of their orders in comparison to those placed on individual worksites. Whilst those placed on group worksites are more likely to be high risk offenders, the differences remain significant, even when the levels of risk are taken into account.

scholarly journals Cinta Ekologis dalam Pendekatan Estetika Teologis Kristiani

MELINTAS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Yosef Irianto Segu
Keyword(s):  
Human Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Theological Aesthetics ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
The Real ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Human And Nature

Human’s mind and behaviour have been influenced by the understanding of who human beings are. Realising identity on the level of knowledge might have revealed human’s exclusive, dominant, and alienating nature. Nature is seen as an object of a pragmatic approach for the sake of human’s development. Nature is not so much seen as something meaningful as a necessity to fulfill the needs of the human being. The field of knowledge and discourse is always limited in itself and human’s relationship with the nature cannot merely accommodated by ideas and concepts. Human’s relationship with nature needs to be built with love. Love is the self’s involvement as a whole to participate in the life of the other, that is, through the real and constructive encounters of human and nature that preserve the beautiful existence of both. One of the fusions between human and nature is in the area of aesthetics, and in this article, of theological aesthetics. While knowledge and concept could not be imposed on the relation between human and nature, humans might need a different approach in the area of experience. Human experience in relation to nature is not always linear, but continuously invites humans to explore the aesthetic and theological territories, in order to offer meanings so that they can go beyond their identity or exclusivity in knowledge and concept. This balance may improve human’s relationships with the nature.

scholarly journals A new methodology to predict damage tolerance based on compliance via global-local analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (58) ◽  
pp. 211-230
Author(s):  
Gilberto Gomes ◽  
Thiago A A Oliveira ◽  
Alvaro M Delgado Neto
Keyword(s):  
Damage Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Local Analysis ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Damage Tolerance Analysis ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Different Levels

Over the years several design philosophies to fatigue developed in order to combine structural safety and economy to manufacturing and operating aircraft process. The safe-life approach, which consists of designing and manufacturing a safe aeronautical structure throughout its useful life, results in factors that oversize the structural elements, preventing the possibility of failure and evidently leading to high design costs. On the other hand, the approach based on the damage tolerance concept, in which it is assumed that the structure, even whether damaged, is able to withstand the actions for which it was designed until the detection of a crack due to fatigue or other defects during its operation. Here, we propose a new methodology to the damage tolerance problem in which two-dimensional global-local analysis at different levels of external requests will be made by means of compliance, aimed at finding a relationship between fatigue life and the Paris constant. Moreover, the BemCracker2D program for simulating two-dimensional crack growth is used. This methodology has been proved to be an efficient and applied alternative in the damage tolerance analysis.

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Two Forms of the Chaperonin GRO EL

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-259
Author(s):  
J.L. Carrascosa ◽  
G. Abella ◽  
S. Marco ◽  
M. Muyal ◽  
J.M. Carazo
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Series Method ◽  
Three Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Morphogenetic Factors ◽  
Tilt Series

Chaperonins are a class of proteins characterized by their role as morphogenetic factors. They trantsiently interact with the structural components of certain biological aggregates (viruses, enzymes etc), promoting their correct folding, assembly and, eventually transport. The groEL factor from E. coli is a conspicuous member of the chaperonins, as it promotes the assembly and morphogenesis of bacterial oligomers and/viral structures.We have studied groEL-like factors from two different bacteria:E. coli and B.subtilis. These factors share common morphological features , showing two different views: one is 6-fold, while the other shows 7 morphological units. There is also a correlation between the presence of a dominant 6-fold view and the fact of both bacteria been grown at low temperature (32°C), while the 7-fold is the main view at higher temperatures (42°C). As the two-dimensional projections of groEL were difficult to interprete, we studied their three-dimensional reconstruction by the random conical tilt series method from negatively stained particles.

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