Temporal analysis of the diet of the central rock-rat

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Faecal Pellets ◽  
The Past ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Central Australia ◽  
Solanum Spp

The central rock-rat (Zyzomys pedunculatus) is an endangered endemic rodent that has undergone a dramatic range contraction over the past century. It is currently known from only a small area of the West MacDonnell Ranges near Alice Springs. A previous investigation into the species’ diet that analysed a small number of faecal samples concluded tentatively that it was a granivore. The present study aimed to establish the dietary patterns of Z. pedunculatus across a two-year period in central Australia during which rainfall fluctuated markedly. Diet was determined through the microscopic analysis of material in faecal pellets of Z. pedunculatus trapped at approximately three-month intervals at five sites at Ormiston Gorge. Seed was found to be the most important dietary item, comprising on average 57.0% of the diet across sample periods. Under dry conditions, the amount of seed material in the diet declined and the amount of stem material increased. Plant material from 15 genera was recorded in the diet, most notably Sida spp., Solanum spp. and Triodia brizoides. All of the plant genera identified in the diet to date are widespread and common in the range country of central Australia and most are considered fire tolerant. On the basis that the diet contains more than 50% seeds, Z. pedunculatus can be described as a granivore. However, the diet is broad and includes both seeds and vegetative material from a range of plant species.

The Diet of the Rufous Hare-Wallaby (Marsupialia, Macropodidae) in the Tanami Desert

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Mainland Population ◽  
Faecal Pellets ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Feed The Future ◽  
Burnt Areas ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

The summer diet of a population of the rufous hare-wallaby, Lagorchestes hirsutus, was studied by survey of grazed plants and microscopic analysis of faecal pellets following a season of above-average rainfall. The fibre and nitrogen contents of food plants were examined and the abundance of food plants in the habitat was determined to assess dietary selectivity. L. hirsutus had a diverse diet but selectively grazed the seeds and shoots of certain grasses and sedges as well as some dicotyledons. High- and low-fibre food items occurred in faecal samples, suggesting that L. hirsutus possesses considerable dietary adaptability. Individuals may travel appreciable distances into saline interdune and recently burnt areas to feed. The future survival of the only known mainland population appears to be largely dependent on continued mosaic-burning of its habitat to maintain mature spinifex for shelter adjacent to areas of regeneration that provide a range of preferred food items.

Perspectives for Transnational Social Policy

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abram de Swaan
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
State Formation ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The West ◽  
National State ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Welfare State

WELFARE STATES ARE NATIONAL STATES, AND IN EVERY country welfare is a national concern, circumscribed by the nation's borders and reserved for its residents alone. In the course of centuries, these states have emerged from and against one another, in mutual competition, and in the past century this process of state formation in the West went in tandem with the collectivization of care. The welfare state is the national state in its latest phase. It may be succeeded by another stage which we may eventually see.

Social Democracy Then and Now

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Page
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Democracy ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Constant Feature

C.A.R. Crosland (1956) The Future of Socialism, Jonathan Cape, London.Donald Sassoon (1997), One Hundred Years of Socialism, HarperCollins London. (First published by I.B.Tauris in 1996).John Callaghan (2000), The Retreat of Social Democracy, Manchester University Press, Manchester.Between them these three books provide an excellent overview of the theory and practice of social democracy as it has twisted and turned over the past century. As Sassoon reminds us in his magisterial review of the West European left, revisionism of one kind or another has been a constant feature of socialist discourse. The key question has always been whether such revisions have helped to bring about the transformation of capitalism (or, perhaps more realistically, its humanisation) or, in contrast, helped to secure its long-term survival. The first, and arguably the most controversial, revisionism of social democratic thought occurred in Germany at the end of the nineteenth century.

Stanislavsky and Ramacharaka: The Influence of Yoga and Turn-of-the-Century Occultism on the System

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Andrew White
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
The West ◽  
Konstantin Stanislavsky ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Personal Crisis

Fin-de-siècle Russia was a culture replete with interest in the occult, spiritualism, and the religions of the Far East. Curiosity about the mystical infused all tiers of society. Among those influenced by the spiritual was none other than Konstantin Stanislavsky himself, who experienced a personal crisis in which he began to doubt his own ability as an actor. In 1906, he took his now-famous trip to Finland, where he sequestered himself for the summer, examined his artistic life, and began to reconsider seriously his process as an actor. While reflecting on his past artistic work, he began to organize years of notes on acting; and several notions drawn from Eastern mysticism in general and Yoga in particular found their way into his “system.” Although a handful of articles that examine Stanislavsky's use of Yoga have been published in the West, over the past century scholars and teachers have paid little attention to the spiritual facets of Stanislavsky's thinking, focusing instead on the psychological aspects of his work. Given, however, the presence of important Yogic elements in the system at its very inception, a full understanding of Stanislavsky's technique is impossible without knowledge of the intersections between his system and Yoga. Borrowing from Yoga, Stanislavsky offers actors much more than theories about how to be more believable or psychologically realistic in their roles. He adapts specific Yogic exercises in order to help actors transcend the limitations of the physical senses and tap into higher levels of creative consciousness.

scholarly journals Legal issues concerning mine closure and social responsibility on the West Rand

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Durand ◽  
Mariette Liefferink ◽  
Elize S Van Eeden
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Environmental Management ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Current Water ◽  
National Environmental

Mining and, especially, gold and uranium mining have played a major role in the economy, history, and demography of South Africa. The contribution of the mines to the economy of South Africa over the past century has been overvalued, while the social injustices and negative environmental impacts that accompanied mining have been underplayed or ignored by the mining houses and government. The environmental situation has worsened significantly over the past few years due to the abandonment and pending closure of most of these mines. A reluctance is perceived on the part of the mining companies, and even government, to take responsibility for the damage caused by pollution, ecological degradation, and impact on human health by mining. Instead, the current informal policy appears to take smaller companies to court on minor environmental injustices to, perhaps, impress the broader public, while one of the biggest environmental concerns is stylishly treated. The inability of government to address the damage by mines effectively is in conflict with the National Water Act, the National Environmental Management Act, the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Act, the National Nuclear Regulator Act, and the Constitution of South Africa. The authors propose a multidisciplinary approach to address water-related environmental injustices on the West Rand and Far West Rand. We also describe the application of the National Environmental Management Act of South Africa (Act No. 107 of 1998) in the Wonderfonteinspruit and Tweelopiespruit Catchments and the current water quality situation.

scholarly journals Climatic history of the northeastern United States during the past 3000 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1355-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Marlon ◽  
Neil Pederson ◽  
Connor Nolan ◽  
Simon Goring ◽  
Bryan Shuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Paleoclimate Records

Abstract. Many ecosystem processes that influence Earth system feedbacks – vegetation growth, water and nutrient cycling, disturbance regimes – are strongly influenced by multidecadal- to millennial-scale climate variations that cannot be directly observed. Paleoclimate records provide information about these variations, forming the basis of our understanding and modeling of them. Fossil pollen records are abundant in the NE US, but cannot simultaneously provide information about paleoclimate and past vegetation in a modeling context because this leads to circular logic. If pollen data are used to constrain past vegetation changes, then the remaining paleoclimate archives in the northeastern US (NE US) are quite limited. Nonetheless, a growing number of diverse reconstructions have been developed but have not yet been examined together. Here we conduct a systematic review, assessment, and comparison of paleotemperature and paleohydrological proxies from the NE US for the last 3000 years. Regional temperature reconstructions (primarily summer) show a long-term cooling trend (1000 BCE–1700 CE) consistent with hemispheric-scale reconstructions, while hydroclimate data show gradually wetter conditions through the present day. Multiple proxies suggest that a prolonged, widespread drought occurred between 550 and 750 CE. Dry conditions are also evident during the Medieval Climate Anomaly, which was warmer and drier than the Little Ice Age and drier than today. There is some evidence for an acceleration of the longer-term wetting trend in the NE US during the past century; coupled with an abrupt shift from decreasing to increasing temperatures in the past century, these changes could have wide-ranging implications for species distributions, ecosystem dynamics, and extreme weather events. More work is needed to gather paleoclimate data in the NE US to make inter-proxy comparisons and to improve estimates of uncertainty in reconstructions.

7 Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 239-248
Author(s):  
Claudia Nelson ◽  
Anne Morey
Keyword(s):  
Past Century ◽  
Short List ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Classical World ◽  
Spatial Metaphors ◽  
Classical Mythology ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Working Out

As we conclude this examination of texts that use particular topologies of the past in their redeployment of the classical world, one of the more pressing questions might be why the combination of the classical world and this short list of spatial metaphors constitutes such an attractive matrix for the working out of concerns about citizenship, agency, suffering, and the place of the individual within the family. While the power and perdurability of classical mythology is clearly part of the allure of neoclassical settings and characters, it does not by itself completely explain the utility of these frameworks to our various authors’ projects. After all, a number of the authors with whom our work has engaged—including Rick Riordan, Tony Abbott, Alan Garner, Caroline Dale Snedeker, and N. M. Browne, among others—have shown similar interest in other kinds of mythological or historical settings, in some cases emphasizing the position of the classical as merely one segment of a vast interconnected web of myth/history. Nor is it possible to say that that the privileged place of the remnants of the classical world within the canon of the West by itself explains the reliance of authors over the past century upon its familiarity or prestige....

Rock art in sub-Saharan Mali

Antiquity ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (290) ◽  
pp. 799-800
Author(s):  
Cornelia Kleinitz
Keyword(s):  
Rock Art ◽  
West African ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Blank Space ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
West African Sahel ◽  
African Sahel

Sub-Saharan West Africa has remained largely a blank space on the world rock-art map, in spite of a steady trickle of reports during the past century on pictograph and petroglyph sites in the West African sahel and savanna belts. It seems that the nature of the rock art reported, predominantly ‘geometric’ and saurian motifs, and ‘stick figures’, as well as its apparent recent age, formed little incentive for in-depth studies of rock art in this region. From sub-Saharan Mali, for example, only two sites have been published to a satisfactory standard (Huysecom 1990; Huysecom et al. 1996). The richness of the region in rock art, as indicated by several authors (e.g. Griaule 1938; Huysecom & Mayor 1991/92; Togola et al. 1995), has been confirmed by on-going research on rock art in the Boucle du Baoulé region (map, FIGURE 5) in the southwest of the country (Kleinitz 2000). In three field seasons, 14 known and 38 newly identified rock-shelters and open-air sites with pictographs and peboglyphs have been recorded.

scholarly journals The ‘Wall of Severus’: Pseudoarchaeology and the West Mercian Dykes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Keith Fitzpatrick-Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Past Century ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ancient Literature

The dates and purposes of Offa’s Dyke and Wat’s Dyke have long been a subject of debate among historians and archaeologists. This paper examines and critiques several of the more unusual claims made over the past century. Prominence is given to the use of ancient literature and widespread misunderstandings of scientific dating techniques, both of which have been used to suggest a Roman date for the origin of the dykes close to the modern Anglo-Welsh border.

scholarly journals Resetting the academic discourse on New Testament miracle traditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Werner Kahl
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rudolf Bultmann ◽  
The World ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Miracle Story

O discurso exegético sobre os milagres do Novo Testament no século passado foi dominado pelos estudiosos ocidentais que não criam em milagres e que denunciaram esta crença como expressão de uma compreensão primtiva do mundo. Este discuros continua nas sendas exegéticas e hermenêuticas estabelecidas pelos estudiosos desde Rudolf Bultmann a GerdTheißen. O conceito que subjaz a publicação recente do Kompendium der frühchristlichen Wundererzählungen é um exemplo. Aqui, uma compreensão moderna da realidade é sobreposta nas narrativas do Novo Testamento. Mas o que é preciso é uma avaliação das tradições de milagres do Novo Testamento “a partir” de seus conceitos de realidade. Este artigo é dedicado ao desenvolvimento de uma aproximação êmica às tradições de milagre do Novo Testamento, assumindo seriamente os fundamentos dos conceitos de realidade do Mediterrâneo Antigo. O foco desta investigação são os milagres que pertencem à restauração da saúde ou da vida. As categorias a muito tidas como definitivas como “miracle story” e “miracle worker” são desconstruídas em seu desenvolvimento. The exegetical discourse on New Testament miracles in the past century has largely been dominated by scholars of the West who do not believe in miracles and who have been quick in denouncing such a belief as an expression of a primitive understanding of the world. The exegetical discourse of the West on miracles in the New Testament is still widely continuing on the exegetical and hermeneutical pathways set out by scholars from Rudolf Bultmann to GerdTheißen. The concept underlying the recent publication of the Kompendium der frühchristlichen Wundererzählungen is a case in point. Here a modern understanding of reality is superimposed onto the New Testament narratives. What is needed instead, however, is an assessment of New Testament miracle traditions strictly “within their concepts of reality”. This present contribution is dedicated to developing an emic approach to New Testament miracle traditions, taking seriously essentials of ancient Mediterranean concepts of reality. It focuses the investigation on miracles pertaining to a restoration of health or life. Categories long taken for granted such as “miracle story” and “miracle worker” are deconstructed in the course of this presentation.

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