Development of stomata in vegetative and floral organs of some Caryophyllaceae

1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Inamdar
Keyword(s):  
Subsidiary Cell ◽  
Floral Organs ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata

The development and structure of diacytic (caryophyllaceous) stomata in vegetative and floral organs of five species of the family Caryophyllaceae has been investigated. The mature stomata are diacytic or anomocytic and rarely with a single subsidiary cell. The ontogeny of diacytic stomata is of the meso-perigenous type. The development of anomocytic stomata is of the perigenous type and that of stomata with a single subsidiary cell is mesogenous.

Stomatal ontogeny of the vegetative and floral organs of some Papilionaceae

1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
GL Shah ◽  
BV Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Subsidiary Cell ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Floral Organs ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Subsidiary Cells ◽  
Stomatal Ontogeny

The structure and development of stomata on the vegetative and floral organs of Vigna unguiculata Walp., and the vegetative organs of Phaseolus radiatus L. and P. aconitifolius Jacq. are described. Paracytic, anisocytic, and anomocytic stomata are present on the same surface of different organs of the plants investigated except on the stem and petiole of V. unguiculata, the bract of P. radiatus, and the petiole, stipule, and stipel of P. aconitifolius where the last type is absent. Stomata with only one subsidiary cell are found on the leaf, petiole, sepal, and petal of V. unguiculata. Diacytic stomata occur on the stipel of P. radiatus and the stem, stipule, and stipel of P. aconitifolius. Paracytic stomata are by far the commonest on each organ. The frequency of different types of stomata on different organs in the plants investigated is tabulated. The ontogeny of different kinds of stomata on each organ is mesogenous, but the perigenous type may be found on the petal and pericarp of V. unguiculata and the stipule of P. radiatus. The variation in stomata is due to: (a) a diversity in stomatal types even on the same surface, and (b) an increase in the number of subsidiary cells. The subsidiary cells divide, or additional subsidiary cells are derived from adjacent epidermal cells. The present study also supports the inclusion of the species concerned in the tribe Phaseolae.

scholarly journals Macro- and Micro-morphological, Anatomical, Cytological and Phytochemical Properties of Tridax procumbens Linn. (Asteraceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-606
Author(s):  
C. Wuhua ◽  
I.I. Pepple
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Floral Structure ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Tridax Procumbens ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

This study examined the macro- and micro-morphological, Anatomical, Cytological and Phytochemical Properties of Tridax procumbens L. in the family Asteraceae. Observations of plant parts aided by measurements were done and these were sectioned following Wahua’s method; root tips squashed with FLP Orcein and qualitative phytochemical analyses were carried out. The slides were viewed using the light compound microscope and photomicrographs were taken after careful examination from good preparations. Macromorphological studies showed the plant grows up to 40cm or more in height. Foliar features revealed opposite, pinnate, oblong to ovate with coarsely serrated margin and acute apex, 4±1.5cm long and 2±1cm wide with petiole up to 1.5±0.5cm in length. The floral structure show cased diameter of each flower head as 1.0±0.4cm while the peduncle is elongated and up to 10±5cm in length; the petal is 0.7±0.2cm in length alongside tubular sepals up to 0.9±0.3cm in length. The stamen is 0.9±0.2cm in length while the carpel is 1.0±0.1cm. Presence of anomocytic stomata which is amphistomatic. Anatomical sections on the mid-ribs, petiole, internodes, nodes and roots revealed peculiar internal features. Mitotic chromosome is 2n=36. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, phenols. The information generated from this study would further aid in the delimitation of the species. Keywords: Tridax procumbens, Morphology, anatomy, cytology, palynology, phytochemistry

scholarly journals Uncovering the Neglected Floral Secretory Structures of Rhamnaceae and Their Functional and Systematic Significance

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 736
Author(s):  
Carimi Ribeiro ◽  
Cristina Marinho ◽  
Simone Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Structures ◽  
Floral Organs ◽  
Systematic Significance ◽  
Surface Anatomy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Bibliographic Search ◽  
Anatomy And Ultrastructure ◽  
Data Surface

Rhamnaceae flowers are notably recognized by their fleshy nectary. Other types of floral secretory structures have been scarcely reported for this family. Thus, the objective of the present study was to update the occurrence of these structures in the family and to contribute to the knowledge of their morphology and systematic significance. To this end, we carried out an extensive bibliographic search on the secretory structures of the family and obtained data for 257 taxa. Additionally, we presented here novel data (surface, anatomy, and ultrastructure) for six species belonging to the main clades within Rhamnaceae. The family has a wide diversity of types of mucilage-secreting structures: epidermis, hypodermis, idioblasts, cavities, and ducts. Mucilage and phenolic idioblasts are widely distributed among the floral organs. Colleters are present in all sampled species, and these are the first reports of their occurrence in floral organs of Rhamnaceae. The information obtained about the structure, secreted content, and occurrence of the secretory structures of Rhamnaceae helped us to understand the assertive folk use of its species. The absence of mucilage and the presence of resin or mucilage cavities and ducts in some taxa may have intrafamily systematic significance.

Strucure and ontogeny of normal and abnormal stomata in vegetative and floral organs of Physalis minima L

1971 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
RC Patel ◽  
JA Inamdar
Keyword(s):  
Pore Formation ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Subsidiary Cell ◽  
Arrested Development ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Floral Organs ◽  
Close Relationship

Fourteen types of normal and abnormal stomatal structure and development in vegetative and floral organs of Physalis minima are presented. Those described include anomocytic, anisocytic, paracytic, and diacytic stomata, those transitional between paracytic and diacytic, and stomata with a single subsidiary cell. Anomalies observed are degeneration of the meristemoid, a persistent stomatal initial, single guard cells, twin stomata, single guard cells in relationship with a normal stoma, twin single guard cells, stomata with aborted guard cells, and arrested development. Development of the anomocytic type is haplocheilic or perigenous; that of the anisocytic, paracytic, diacytic, transitional, and with a single subsidiary cell is syndetocheilic or mesogenous. The persistent stomatal initials are variable in shape and occur solitary or in close relationship with the normal stoma. They may be notched and divide by centripetally extending furrows. Single guard cells develop directly from the meristemoid, or one of the guard cells degenerates before or after pore formation. Twin stomata, single guard cells in close relationship with normal stomata, and twin single guard cells develop from two adjacent meristemoids. Stomata with aborted guard cells are formed as a result of degeneration of guard cells. Arrested development results from early degeneration of nuclei and cytoplasm. The aberrent developments noticed here are partly due to extrinsic factors.

scholarly journals Comparative Foliar and Petiole Anatomy of Some Members of the Genus Dieffenbachia Schott in the Family Araceae

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwabunmi O. AROGUNDADE ◽  
Olubukola ADEDEJI
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Single Linkage ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Epidermal Surface ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Single Linkage Cluster ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
Linkage Cluster

This study provides detailed information of the anatomical attributes of the epidermis and the three regions of the petiole of four members of the genus Dieffenbachia Schott. Fresh samples of the leaves of Dieffenbachia picta Schott, Dieffenbachia oerstedii Schott, Dieffenbachia senguine (Jacq) Schott and Dieffenbachia senguine cultivar ‘Candida’ Schott were used. Epidermal peels and transverse sections were made following standard procedures. Generic characters revealed uniform epidermal cell shape on the abaxial surface, wavy to undulating and straight to wavy anticlinal wall patterns on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces respectively, brachyparacytic stomata types, round abaxial petiole outline, the presence of raphides and druses in the petioles of all the taxa. Delimiting features include irregular epidermal cell shape on the adaxial surfaces of D. senguine and D. senguine cv. ‘Candida’, additional anomocytic stomata types on the abaxial surfaces of D. picta, D. oerstedii and adaxial surface of D. senguine, cuticular striations on the abaxial surfaces of D. oerstedii and D. senguine cv. ‘Candida’, druses and raphide bundle on the epidermal surface of D. senguine only, flat adaxial petiole outline and slightly concave adaxial petiole outline in the proximal and median regions of D. senguine cv. ‘Candida’ and the presence of lamellar collenchyma cells in the petiole of D. picta. Data for both quantitative and qualitative characters were subjected to Principal Components Analysis and Single Linkage Cluster Analysis. Interestingly, anomocytic stomata complex, cuticular striations, raphide bundles and druses and the adaxial petiole outline separated D. senguine and D. senguine cv. ‘Candida’.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI MORFOLOGI DAN ANATOMI TIPE STOMATA FAMILI Piperaceae DI KOTA LANGSA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-191
Author(s):  
Tri Mustika Sarjani ◽  
Mawardi Mawardi ◽  
Ekariana S. Pandia ◽  
Devi Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Early Data ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Abstrak. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui morfologi dan anatomi tipe stomata dari famili piperaceae yang terdapat di Kota Langsa. Penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat dan mahasiswa tentang morfologi dan anatomi tipe stomata tanaman dari famili piperaceae. Hasil penelitian dapat dijadikan sebagai data awal tentang morfologi dan anatomi tumbuhan dari famili piperaceae yang terdapat di Kota Langsa.  Metode yang digunakan diskriptif kualitatif untuk menggambarkan dan menginterpretasi tipe stomata pada daun  famili piperaceae.  Hasil penelitian tumbuhan famili piperaceae yang ditemukan di daerah kota langsa sebanyak lima spesies tanaman yaitu lada (Piper ningrum), suruhan (Peperomia pellucida), Sirih Kuning (Piper betle), sirih hijau (Piper betle), dan Merah (Piper crocatum).  Maka dapat diketahui bahwa secara morofologi tumbuhan famili piperaceae merupakan kelompok tumbuhan dikotil. Pada umumnya family piperaceae memiliki ciri-ciri  dengan sistem perakaran tunggang, dengan ciri-ciri batangnya vobubilis disertai dengan tampaknya nodus pada batang yang disertai dengan adanya sulur namun ada juga berbatang herba yang tumbuh tegak dengan percabangan batang monopodial. Walaupun kelima spesies tumbuhan tergolong dalam satu famili yang sama yaitu piperaceae, namun secara morfologi maupun anatomi tipe sel stomatanya memiliki perbedaan pada masing-masing spesies. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan tiga tipe stomata pada tumbuhan family piperaceae yaitu Tipe stomata anomocytic, tipe tertracytic dan tipe cyclocytic.Kata kunci: morfologi,  anatomi, tipe stomata, famili piperaceae.  Abstract. The aim of this research is to know the morphology and anatomy of stomata type from piperaceae family in Langsa City. Research is expected to provide information to the community and students about the morphology and anatomy of plant stomatal types from the piperaceae family. The results can be used as early data about the morphology and anatomy of plants from the family piperaceae found in Langsa City. The method used is descriptive qualitative to describe and interpret the type of stomata on the leaves of the family piperaceae. Piper betel (Piper betle), Piper betle (Green Piper betle) and Red (Piper crocatum) betel (Piper betle), Piper betle (Piper betle), and Piper betel (Piper betel) were found in five different species of pepper (Piper ningrum). So it can be seen that the morofologi plant family piperaceae is a group dikotil plants. In general, the family piperaceae has characteristics with the root system of tunggang, with the trunk of vobubilis trunk accompanied by apparently nodes in the stem accompanied by the presence of tendrils but there is also trunked herbs that grow upright with the branching of monopodial rods. Although the five plant species belong to the same family of piperaceae, morphologically or anatomically, the stomatal cell type differs in each species. From the results of the study found three types of stomata in family plant piperaceae that is Anomocytic stomata type, tertracytic type and cyclocytic type.Keywords: morphology, anatomy, stomata type, family piperaceae

Epidermal structure and ontogeny of stomata in vegetative and floral organs of Hibiscus rosasinensis L

1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Inamdar ◽  
AJ Chohan
Keyword(s):  
Guard Cells ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Anther Wall ◽  
Epidermal Structure ◽  
Floral Organs ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Outer Epidermis

The epidermal structure and ontogeny of stomata in vegetative and floral organs of Hibiscus rosasinensis are described. The epidermal cells are polygonal isodiametric or elongated and arranged irregularly or parallel to the long axis. The anticlinal walls of the epidermis are thick, straight, arched, or rarely sinuous. The surface of the cuticle shows parallel striations radiating from the guard cells or hair bases. Six types of glandular and eglandular trichomes have been noticed. The mature stomata are anisocytic, paracytic, or anomocytic. The development of anisocytic and paracytic stomata is of the mesogenous or syndetocheilic type. The ontogeny of anomocytic stomata conforms to the perigenous or haplocheilic type. The three types of stomata occur on all the vegetative and floral organs of this plant except the anther wall and the outer epidermis of the carpel. The developmental modes are constant from organ to organ within the same plant.

Observations on Stomata and Hairs on Vegetative and Floral Organs in the Tribe Trifolieae (Family Papilionaceae)

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
GL Shah ◽  
MJ Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Guard Cell ◽  
Arrested Development ◽  
Floral Organs ◽  
Wall Formation ◽  
Frequent Type ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Transitional Forms ◽  
Subsidiary Cells

The structure of stomata and hairs and stornatal ontogeny are described in 12 species of the tribe Trifolieae. Stomata may be paracytic, anisocytic, diacytic, haplocytic, and of transitional forms between diacytic and paracytic types. The most frequent types are paracytic, anisocytic, anomocytic and haplocytic. In any one species the most frequent type varies with the organ, and the pattern throughout the plant is not the same in every species. In general anomocytic stomata are most frequent on both surfaces of leaflets, and paracytic on stems.and petioles. On this basis the members of this tribe seem to have some uniformity. The ontogeny of stomata with subsidiary cells is mesogenous or meso- perigenous, or rarely perigenous. Anomocytic stomata are perigenous. The number of subsidiary cells is increased by (i) wall formation in the subsidiary cells, (ii) neighbouring perigenes assuming the form of subsidiary cells, or (iii) both processes operating in the same stoma simultaneously. Abnormalities such as contiguous stomata, stomata with one guard cell, and arrested development of stomata are occasionally met with. Hairs may be glandular or eglandular ; both types are present in all organs, except in a few cases. Some uniformity in the members of the tribe is also observed in the structure of glandular and eglandular hairs.

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