Productivity of early-weaned lambs fed high-grain diets of wheat, oats or barley with or without lupin grain

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Kenney
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Slight Rise

Poll Dorset x (Border Leicester x Merino) lambs were weaned at 6 weeks and fed ad libitum diets of whole wheat, oat or barley grain with 0, 15, 30, 45,60 or 75% lupin grain, or all lupin grain, for 11 weeks. All diets included 10% hay. The lambs adapted to diets containing barley and wheat more quickly than to diets containing oats. Digestibilities of grain DM with hay alone were: wheat 83%, oats 73%, barley 75%, and lupins 83%. Inclusion of lupins in wheat-based diets had no effect on digestibility or intake of feed or weight gain of lambs. Inclusion of lupins with oats increased digestibility ( P < 0.05) and intake of feed (P< 0.05) and caused a slight rise in feed intake:liveweight gain ratio, but greatly reduced feed intake:carcass gain ratio (P< 0.05). Inclusion of lupins with barley increased digestibility and intake of feed (P< 0.05), and caused a slight fall in the feed intake:liveweight gain ratio (P<0.05) and a large fall in the feed intake:carcass gain ratio (P<0.05). Responses to lupins were generally most pronounced as lupin content increased from 0 to 30%. Liveweight, carcass weight, wool growth, abdominal fat and muscle depth at rib 12 were all linearly related to intake of digestible DM (P<0.05). Dressing percentage increased up to a maximum as daily intake of digestible DM increased to 0.55 kg/sheep and then fell (P<0.05). Liveweight was greater, but dressing percentage less, for lambs fed oats than for those fed barley or wheat (P<0.05). Carcass weights of lambs fed different grains were therefore similar at the same intakes of digestible DM.

scholarly journals Productive performance, body chemical composition, and deposition of 42-day-old quail for meat subjected to quantitative dietary restriction

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane De Oliveira Grieser ◽  
Simara Márcia Marcato ◽  
Mariana Fátima Zanon Ferreira ◽  
Taciana Maria de Oliveira-Bruxel ◽  
Vittor Zancanela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
Protein Deposition ◽  
Ad Libitum

This study aimed to assess the effect of quantitative dietary restriction during refeeding on the performance, body chemical composition, and deposition, weight gain of organs and carcass parts of quails reared for meat (Coturnix coturnix coturnix). A total of 144 quails, between 11 to 42 days old, were distributed in a completely randomized design, 4x2 factorial scheme, at four levels of feed restriction (ad libitum, 30%, 50% and 70% restrictions on the daily intake ad libitum) for both genders. Therefore, there was eight treatments with three replicates and six birds each. At the tenth day of age, the animals were housed in cages, where remained for four days under adaptation. Dietary restriction was applied between the days 15 and 35 while refeeding was carried out from day 36 to 42. Compensatory weight gain (CWG), i.e. weight gain of organs and carcass parts, and feed efficiency (FE) were improved for quails under feed restriction. Fat (F), crude protein (CP), protein deposition rate (PDR) and fat in females (FDf) and carcass retained energy in females (CREf) increased linearly as restriction levels decreased. Maximum estimates of feed intake for males (MFIm), compensatory weight gain for males (CWGm) and females (CWGf), feed efficiency for males (FEm), protein deposition for males (PDm) and carcass retained energy in males (CREm) were obtained with restriction levels of 43.56%, 30.56%, 63.93%, 62.63%, 80.25%, 1.94% and 09.34% if compared to ad libitum, respectively. As a result, we concluded that according to quantitative feed restriction level, significant increases in feed efficiency and body weight gain, as well as decreases in carcass fat throughout quail refeeding period. As for gender, given the existing sexual dimorphism, females lost greater body weight than males under dietary restriction, besides showing higher protein and fat gains in the carcass and an enhanced feed efficiency during refeeding.

scholarly journals Effects of Replacing Groundnut Cake with Blood Vegetable Waste Meal in the Diets of Weaner Rabbits

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Adedayo Abiodun Adeniji
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Ad Libitum

A total of seventy-two weaner rabbits of eight weeks of age were used to assess the effects of replacing groundnut cake (GNC) with blood vegetable waste meal (BVWM) in the diets of rabbits. The BVWM was fed to replace dietary GNC at 0, 15, 30, and 45%, with GNC being 15% in the control diet. The four experimental diets were fed ad libitum for a period of eight weeks. BVWM was analyzed to contain a crude protein value of 62.35%. There were comparable feed intake values by rabbits on all the diets although the rabbits in the higher replacement levels of BVWM tended to have consumed more of the feed. There were significant increases (P<0.05) in body weight gain by rabbits as the BVWM level increased in the diet. Similarly, the feed to gain ratio improved and nitrogen digestibility increased (P<0.05) with higher levels of BVWM in the diet. This study shows that rabbits can tolerate the 45% BVWM replacement of groundnut cake effectively.

Fattening steers on hay and oats

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (64) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
LR Corah ◽  
IE Saxton ◽  
AH Bishop ◽  
SA Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Market Requirements ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dressing Percentage

Hereford steers aged 18 to 20 months were confined in feedlots and given rations of baled pasture hay and whole oat grain during late summer in two successive years. Mid-season hay ad libitum plus 1.4, 2.7, or 4.1 kg of oats a day were used in experiment 1 and early hay with 1.4, 2.7, or 4.1 kg of oats and mid-season hay with 2.7, 4.1, or 5.4 kg of oats in experiment 2. Steers were slaughtered when they had reached liveweights of approximately 370 kg in the first experiment or 41 6 kg in the second experiment. As the level of oats in the ration increased, the liveweight gain of the steers increased. Those receiving the highest oat rations gaining at 0.8 to 1.1 kg per day. The addition of grain to the diet reduced the time to slaughter, lowered the daily intake of hay, and reduced the quantity of fodder required per unit of liveweight gain. The mean conversion ratios declined by 1.8 units for each additional ten per cent of oats in the ration. The higher levels of grain tended to increase dressing percentage, fat thickness and the quantity of fat in the carcase. The results are discussed in relation to market requirements, availability and relative costs of ration components and the economic implications of fattening in late summer on the price and seasonal distribution on the production of meat. It is concluded that the system would have application in southern Australia for properties raising steers on pasture.

The use of thyroxine to reduce average fibre diameter in fleece wool when feed intake is increased

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Lee ◽  
K. J. Thornberry ◽  
A. J. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Saline Solution ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Average Fibre Diameter ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Average Fibre ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Difference

An experiment was conducted to determine whether thyroxine injections would control the increases in fibre diameter when the wool growth of Merino wethers is stimulated by an increased supply of feed. Fifty-seven sheep were allocated to 1 of 5 levels of daily intake, ranging from 0.75 maintenance to ad libitum, and injected every third day with 3 mg of L-thyroxine or a saline solution (control). Sheep treated with thyroxine had elevated plasma tri-iodothyronine (T3) levels, which were highest in sheep fed the least (P<0.01). Ad libitum intakes of sheep treated with thyroxine tended to be higher than that of control sheep, particularly in the fifth to seventh weeks of the experiment, and liveweight gain over the initial 4 weeks was significantly (P<0.001) less. Wool growth was increased by thyroxine treatment, although the difference was small in the second half of the experiment at the highest intake levels. Fibre diameter of sheep treated with thyroxine was greater at low intakes, although the difference diminished as intake increased. Fibre length in the second half of the experiment was positively related to intake, but there were no effects of thyroxine. Although the relationships of fibre diameter and length with wool growth did not differ between the treatment groups, length accounted for more of the variation in wool growth in the second half of the experiment in treated wethers than in control wethers (0.376 v. 0.182 of the variation, respectively). Thyroxine did not appreciably reduce the extent of the increase in fibre diameter associated with an increase in the availability and intake of feed.

Inter-age correlations of body weight, weight gain and food intake within and between breeds of cattle

1985 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Thiessen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Average Daily Intake ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
Very High ◽  
High Range

ABSTRACTIn a multibreed experiment, 292 heifers from 25 British cattle breeds were fed a standard pelleted diet ad libitum from 12 to 72 weeks of age. Inter-age correlations involving body weight, weight gain, average daily food intake and cumulated food intake were measured across traits at the same age and within and across traits at ages separated by an interval of 12, 24, 36 and 48 weeks. Within-breed correlations were phenotypic but between-breed correlations were genetic.The between-breed inter-age correlations involving body weight, cumulated intake and average daily intake were all very high (range 104 to 0·94) and declined only gradually as the intervening age interval increased from 12 to 48 weeks. Inter-age correlations involving weight gain were lower but usually above 0·7. The within-breed correlations by contrast were invariably lower and declined much more rapidly as the age interval increased. Although the between-breed and within-breed correlations differed in magnitude there was a similarity in their overall pattern.For breed samples, body weight at young ages provided very accurate rankings at later ages for body weight, cumulated intake and average daily intake. Body weight was almost as reliable as food intake itself for predicting cumulated intake.For individuals within breeds predicted rankings at later ages were not very accurate for body weight or cumulated intake and they became worse as the age interval increased. Neither weight gain nor average daily intake could be predicted with any reliability.Inter-age correlations while dependant on age interval did not depend on age itself in the case of body weight and cumulated intake, although they were age-dependant for weight gain and to a lesser extent for average daily intake. Reciprocal correlations between body weight and cumulated intake were very symmetrical whereas those involving weight gain and daily intake were asymmetrical.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary ammonium sulphate (AS) on the performance and abdominal fat of broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
J. O. Oyedeji ◽  
J. O Atteh ◽  
O. O Ogbonini
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Protein Retention ◽  
Phase 0

Two experiments were designed to investigate the response of broilers to dietary inclusion of ammonium sulphate. In experiment 1, day old chicks were fed diets with 0, 1, 2 or 3 % ammonium sulphate (AS) during the starter phase (0-4 weeks). In experiment 2, broilers chicks were raised on a standard diet from 0 - 4 weeks of age and then switched to diets with 0, 1, 2 or 3% ammonium sulphate during the finisher phase ( 5-8 weeks). In experiment 1, feed intake was significantly (P<0.05) suppressed by the dietary ammonium sulphate, while weight gain at market age was not significantly affected (P>0.05), however, in experiment 2, both feed intake and weight gain at market age were significantly suppressed (P<0.05) by the dietary ammonium sulphate. There was no significant effect of dietary ammonium sulphate on feed to gain ratio among broilers in any of the two experiments (P>0.05). Dietary ammonium sulphate did not affect broilers liveability at any of the period. Protein retention was comparable (P>0.05) while fat availability was significantly reduced (P<0.05) at 3% inclusion of ammonium sulphate in broilers diets. Abdominal fat was significantly increased (P<0.05) at 2% dietary ammonium sulphate during the starter phase while there was no significant effect (P>0.05) of dietary ammonium sulphate on the abdominal fat during the finisher period. It was concluded that ammonium sulphate can be used as a feed intake suppressant and would be more effective in the broiler starter diet than in the finisher diet.

scholarly journals Growth performance and carcass characteristics of West African Dwarf bucks fed Panicum maximum and Bambara nut (Vigna subterrancea) seed meal supplemented diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-165
Author(s):  
V. U. Odoemelam ◽  
F. O. Ahamefule ◽  
J. A. Ibeawuchi ◽  
C. T. Ezeokeke
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
West African ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
Dressing Percentage

Twelve individually housed West African Dwarf (WAD) Bucks averaging 7.3 ±0.91kg were used to study the effect of varying levels of Bambara nut seed meal on the performance and carcass characteristics of West African Dwarf (WAD) Bucks. Four experimental diets designated A, B, C and D were formulated to contain 0, 10, 20 and 3096 Bambara nut meal (BNM) respectively. The twelve WAD bucks were divided into four (4) groups of three animals each. Each group was assigned to one of the four experimental diets in a completely randomized experiment. Each animal in a group represented a replicate. The experiment lasted 56 days, Data on Feed and dry matter intake, Weight gain, concentrate/gain ratio, dressing percentage and carcass quality was collected. Investigations revealed that incorporating BNM in concentrate diets did not significantly (P>0,05) enhance dry matter intake (405, 416, 395 and 407g/day for diets A, B, C and D respectively), daily weight gain (27, 60, 23, and 42g/day for diets A, B, C and D respectively) concentrate /gain ratio (9.36, 5.62, 10.60 and 8.37 for diets A, B, C and D respectively). Dressing percentage differed significantly (P<0.05) among treatment groups and was higher for goats fed the BNM- based diets compared to the control and the values were 40.56, 43.28, 41.85 and 41.34%for diets A, B, C and D respectively. Meat cut values showed that leg. loin and shoulder of all the Jointed parts (Shoulder, leg. loin, sets and ends) were significantly different (P<0.05) among treatment groups. The values were 13.20, 13.56, 12.12 and 11.44 %; 12.38, 11.30, 13.19, 11.97 %; 13.60, 12.37, 10.91 and 11.31 % for goats on diets A, B, C and D for leg, loin and shoulder respectively. There was significant differences (P<0.05) among treatment means for all parts that constitute the offal (head, skin, feet, full gut and empty gut) except for empty gut. On the average Diet B comparatively, yielded lower offal weight. It can be concluded that goats fed Diet B (10% BNM performed better comparatively in terms of feed conversion ratio, dressing percentage and bone to lean ratio.

Influence of cotton-seed meal and barley grain supplements on intake, digestion, live-weight gain and wool growth in sheep fed NaOH-treated oat and wheat straw diets

1987 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Amaning-Kwarteng ◽  
R. C. Kellaway
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Cotton Seed Meal ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Weight Gains

SummaryGrowth and digestibility trials were conducted to investigate responses of young cross-bred sheep to alkali-treated straws and supplements. Oat and wheat straws were coarsely milled, sprayed with NaOH solution and then sprayed with a solution containing N, S, P, Cu and Co, and mixed with powdered limestone. The treated straws were fedad libitumwith no supplement (0) or with 150 g/day of either cotton-seed meal (CSM) or whole barley grain (B). In a preliminary trial to study the effect of frequency of ort collection on intake of treated straw, consumption decreased (P< 0·05) when frequency of ort collection was reduced from once daily to once weekly. This was associated with an increase in the neutral detergent fibre content of the orts. During the growth trial, which lasted 105 days, intake of treated straw increased by 34%.When no supplement was fed, digestibility of treated oat straw was higher (P < 0·05) and dry-matter intake lower (P< 0·05) than that of treated wheat straw. However, calculated intakes of metabolizable energy (ME) and measurements of growth and wool production were similar on the two straws (P> 0·05).When supplements were fed, there was no effect on intake of the treated straws. Mean live-weight gains were 51·4, 80·2 and 77·3 g/day on treatments 0, CSM and B respectively (P< 0·01). This was associated with higher intakes of ME (P< 0·01) which accounted for 73% of the variation in live-weight gains. Mean clean wool growth was 7·6, 10·5 and 9·3 g/day on treatments 0, CSM and B respectively (P< 0·01). This effect was associated more with nitrogen (N) absorption than with ME intake (80 and 48% of the variation in wool growth respectively).It was concluded that the treated straws provided sufficient nutrients for modest growth in young sheep, that the supplements had no effect on intake of the treated straws and that additional live-weight gain and wool growth obtained by feeding CSM and B were associated with energy intake and nitrogen absorbed respectively.

scholarly journals Dressing percentage and meat yield of Hybro G+ provenance broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 854 (1) ◽  
pp. 012052
Author(s):  
Slobodan Lilic ◽  
Jelena Babic Milijasevic ◽  
Tamara Geric
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dressing Percentage

Abstract The goal of this paper was to examine the slaughter characteristics of meat from Hybro G+ provenance broilers. Characteristics studied were dressing percentage, breast, leg (thigh and drumstick) and abdominal fat in chilled carcass, and percentage of meat, bones and skin in breast and leg. In this trial, one-day broilers of Hybro G+ provenance were raised under the same zoohygienic and ambient conditions that met the technological requirements for this provenance and were provided with feed and water ad libitum. After 42 days’ fattening, broilers were slaughtered and the resultant carcasses were air chilled. The average dressing percentage was 73.15%, and in carcasses, the average percentage of breast was 34.33%, leg was 27.91% and abdominal fat was 1.13%. The percentage in breast and leg of meat was 72.61% and 70.38%, of skin was 8.00% and 9.45% and of bones was 19.79% and 19.59%, respectively. The meat:bone ratio was 0.27 for breast and 0.28 for leg.

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