scholarly journals When molecules and morphology work together: lines of evidence for the validity of Caridina buehleri Roux (Crustacea : Decapoda : Atyidae) and for C. gueryi Marquet, Keith & Kalfatak as its junior synonym

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin de Mazancourt ◽  
Gerard Marquet ◽  
Werner Klotz ◽  
Philippe Keith ◽  
Magalie Castelin
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Freshwater Shrimps ◽  
High Dispersal ◽  
Western Samoa

The taxonomy of the freshwater shrimps Caridina (Atyidae) is very complex and confused mostly because the morphological characters that have traditionally been used for species delimitation and identification are highly plastic. There is thus a need for an integrative approach to their taxonomy. In total, 42 specimens belonging to either Caridina buehleri Roux, 1934 or Caridina gueryi Marquet, Keith & Kalfatak, 2009 were examined. We combined here morphological data from 12 specimens from the whole distributional range of the species, including type specimens with 16S mtDNA analyses from seven freshly sampled specimens, to verify the specific status of Caridina buehleri from Papua New-Guinea, Central Sulawesi, Western Samoa and the Solomon Islands, and C. gueryi from Vanuatu. The comparison of 24 morphological characters showed that morphological variations of character traits between C. gueryi and C. buehleri are widely overlapping and that no morphological feature can effectively split specimens into two clear groups. Molecular characters corroborated these results, as specimens from both groups were only separated by a 2% p-distance, a genetic distance that is coherent with their potentially high dispersal abilities. We thus consider C. gueryi as a junior synonym of C. buehleri. Finally, C. buehleri is characterised mainly by a styliform and characteristically indented rostrum and a long stylocerite. Detailed re-descriptions of the type specimens of C. buehleri and C. gueryi are given, as well as their geographical and ecological distribution.

scholarly journals Tardigrades of Kristianstads Vattenrike Biosphere Reserve with description of four new species from Sweden

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Massa ◽  
Roberto Guidetti ◽  
Michele Cesari ◽  
Lorena Rebecchi ◽  
K. Ingemar Jönsson
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
New Records ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Biological Value

AbstractKristianstads Vattenrike Biosphere Reserve [KVBR] is a UNESCO designated area of Sweden possessing high biological value. Although several studies on tardigrades inhabiting Sweden have been performed, the KVBR area has been neglected. The current study investigates the tardigrade fauna of five areas of the biosphere reserve and includes 34 samples of different substrates analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. In total, 33 species of tardigrades were found in the samples, including 22 new records for the Skåne region, 15 new records for Sweden, and four species new to science. Mesobiotus emiliae sp. nov., Xerobiotus gretae sp. nov., Itaquascon magnussoni sp. nov., and Thulinius gustavi sp. nov. were described with an integrative approach (when possible) using morphological characters (light, electron scanning, and confocal laser scanning microscopies) and molecular markers (ITS2, 18S, 28S, cox1). A new protocol to increase morphological data was developed recovering mounted specimens within old slides for SEM analysis. Emended diagnoses for the genus Itaquascon and the transfer of Platicrista itaquasconoide to the genus Meplitumen are proposed. This study enriches the knowledge of the tardigrade biodiversity both within the KVBR and in Sweden and contributes to the rapidly increasing number of tardigrade species reported worldwide. The 33 species identified in the KVBR area represents 28% of all water bear species found in Sweden so far. The restricted study areas and limited number of samples collected suggests that the KVBR is very rich of tardigrades.

Molecular phylogeny and systematic evaluation of the Caragana opulens species complex (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae) based on the molecular and morphological data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 478 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-200
Author(s):  
SHABIR A. RATHER ◽  
WANG SHU ◽  
MAYANK DHAR DWIVEDI ◽  
CHANG ZHAOYANG
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

In this study, we explored the evolutionary history and taxonomic treatment of the Caragana opulens complex taking information from morphological and molecular data. The complex consists of three species, C. opulens, C. licentiana and C. kansuensis. Moreover, the morphological characters currently used to differentiate the species present in the complex have been found insignificant and inconsistent and do not help diagnose the species. For the present study, we investigated its range and sampled 139 accessions from the different populations of the genus Caragana and 17 accessions of the complex. DNA sequence data from one nrDNA ITS and one cpDNA trnH-psbA loci were sequenced and analyzed using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian methods. The resulting phylogenies were congruent in topologies. Based on morphological and molecular data, it is concluded that all three species of the complex are one of the same with significant morphological variations. Hence C. opulens is accepted as the correct name along with C. licentiana and C. kansuensis as synonyms.

Revision of Prosyntexis from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil (Hymenoptera: Sepulcidae: Trematothoracinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3058 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROMAIN JATTIOT ◽  
LARS KROGMANN ◽  
ANDRÉ NEL
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Species Diagnosis

The fossil Prosyntexis species from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil are revised. The examination of three new specimens of the sepulcid species Prosyntexis gouleti Sharkey, 1990 allows amending its species diagnosis by adding new morphological characters, especially from the wing venation and from the hitherto unknown antenna. A close comparison with Prosyntexis legitima Martins-Neto et al., 2007 demonstrates that this species is a junior synonym of P. gouleti (syn. nov.). The taxonomic position of the genus Prosyntexis within Sepulcidae: Trematothoracinae and of the enigmatic Prosyntexis montsecensis Rasnitsyn and Ansorge, 2000 are discussed on the basis of the new morphological data.

Taxonomy and phylogeny of Nitella (Charophyceae, Characeae) from Brazil with emphasis on the midwest and southeast regions

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 356 (3) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
FABIO RENATO BORGES ◽  
ORLANDO NECCHI JR
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Brazilian Studies ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Section Level

The genus Nitella is the most species-rich within the Charales. Brazilian studies on the genus are relatively scarce and consist of floristic surveys, lacking modern and more precise information. This investigation applied scanning electron microscopy to analyze the oospore wall and molecular data associated with traditional morphological characters to analyze forty-two populations of Nitella from the midwest and southeast regions of Brazil. Forty-two new sequences of rbcL, twelve of ITS1 and twenty-three of ITS2 were generated for the five species recognized in this study: Nitella acuminata A. Braun ex Wallman, Nitella axillaris A. Braun, Nitella elegans B. P. Pal, Nitella flagellifera J. Groves & G. O. Allen and Nitella microcarpa A. Braun.. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences of these three markers were congruent in that they grouped our species with others from different countries to form five clades. Our results on ultrastrucure of the oospore wall were consistent with previous studies for the same species from other regions of the world. The data reinforced the conclusion that the use of ornamentation of oospore wall may be extremely useful for the construction of a natural system for Characeae at section level. Molecular evidence, reinforced by morphological data, for the Brazilian material analyzed suggests that Nitella subglomerata A. Braun and Nitella gollmeriana A. Braun could be synonymys of Nitella acuminata; and Nitella axilliformis K. Imahori appears to be the same as Nitella axillaris. However, no formal proposition was made considering that type specimens were not analyzed and these observations were based on a relatively small number of samples strictly from Brazil. We showed that even among geographically distant populations, such as from other continents, of some Nitella species, the degree of identity among DNA sequences was high.

The taxonomic status of Aphodius insperatus Petrovitz, A. longipennis Rakovič and A. inylchekensis Frolov (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4728 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-394
Author(s):  
ANDREY V. FROLOV ◽  
LILIA A. AKHMETOVA ◽  
DAVID KRÁL
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Diagnostic Characters

The subgenus Bodilus Mulsant & Rey, 1870 of the genus Aphodius Helwig, 1798 sensu lato comprises 30 species in the Palearctic fauna (Frolov 2001, 2002, Dellacasa et al. 2016 [treated as genus Bodilus]). Frolov (2001) reviewed the species of this subgenus from Russia and adjacent countries and suggested that the monotypic subgenus Paramelinopterus Rakovič, 1984 shares the main diagnostic characters of Bodilus. Frolov (2001) was unable, however, to examine the type species of Paramelinopterus, A. longipennis Rakovič, 1984, at that time. Král (2016) suggested that A. (Bodilus) inylchekensis Frolov, 2001 is a junior synonym of A. longipennis. Recently we have re-examined all the types as well as the additional material accumulated in the museums and can confirm that A. inylchekensis is a distinct species, but A. insperatus Petrovitz, 1967 and A. longipennis cannot be reliably separated by the morphological characters. In the present contribution we illustrate the major diagnostic characters of the species based on the type specimens and also provide a distribution map of the known localities of the species. 

scholarly journals Distribution, variation, and relationship of Curcuma soloensis Valeton in Java, Indonesia based on morphological characters

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
MUHAMAD JALIL ◽  
AZIZ PURWANTORO ◽  
BUDI SETIADI DARYONO ◽  
Purnomo PURNOMO
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Flesh Color ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract. Jalil M, Purwantoro A, Daryono BS, Purnomo. 2020. Distribution, variation, and relationship of Curcuma soloensis Valeton in Java, Indonesia based on morphological characters. Biodiversitas 21: 3867-3877. Curcuma soloensis Valeton (locally called temu genyeh) was a plant originating from Solomon Islands and was synonymous with Curcuma longa L. This plant was often considered to be turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) or temulawak (Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb.), because the rhizome is almost the same color. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution, variation, and relationship of C. soloensis in Java, Indonesia. Retrieval of data with exploratory roaming methods in 12 districts/cities in Java Island as a center for planting medicinal plants. Morphological character observations were made on habit, rhizome, roots, tubers, leaves, pseudo-stems, and flowers. Morphological data were analyzed by descriptive and numerical methods. Analysis of grouping with Gower Coefficients because it uses 45 binary and multistate data. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to determine the role of each character in the grouping. Cluster analysis and PCA graphics were assisted with MVSP 3.1 software. The results of the study were obtained from 25 accessions of C. soloensis in East Java (Trenggalek, Pacitan, Ponorogo), Central Java (Wonogiri, Karanganyar, Magelang, Semarang), Yogyakarta (Yogyakarta City, Bantul, Gunungkidul), and West Java (Ciamis and Tasikmalaya). The variation of C. soloensis lies in habit, stem color, leaf shape, rhizome shape, rhizome flesh color, and tuber shape. The highest abundance percentage is in Pajangan, Tirtomoyo, and Tawangmangu. The dendrogram divides 32 OTUs into two clusters on the phenon line 0.617, namely cluster A (C. zanthorrhiza) and cluster B (C. soloensis and C. longa). PCA results showed that the characters that had the most role in grouping were leaf blade color, leaf blade length, rhizome shape, root color, rhizome taste, outer and inner rhizome flesh color.

Two new species of Liagoceradocus (Hypogean Amphipoda) from south-western Pacific Islands, with key to the world species

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 807 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Stock ◽  
TM Iliffe
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
World Species ◽  
Fiji Islands ◽  
Western Samoa ◽  
The World ◽  
Two New Species

Descriptions of Liagoceradocus unciferus, sp. nov. (from Vatulele, Fiji Islands) and L. lobiferus, sp. nov. (from Malaita, Solomon Islands and Savai'i, Western Samoa) are provided. A key to all known species of Liagoceradocus is presented, and type specimens of L. pusillus Barnard, 1965, and L. lonomaka Barnard, 1977, have been re-examined.

Molecular and morphological evidence reveals that Daimio Murray, 1875 is a junior synonym of Tagiades Hübner, 1819 (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Tagiadini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4731 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-600
Author(s):  
ZHEN-FU HUANG ◽  
HIDEYUKI CHIBA ◽  
XIAO-HUA DENG ◽  
SI-YAO HUANG ◽  
MIN WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Morphological Evidence

Previous studies have shown that the genus Tagiades Hübner, 1819 is paraphyletic with regard to Daimio Murray, 1875 and/or Darpa Moore, 1866. In this study, we attempt to disentangle the relationships among these three genera based on an integrative approach including molecular data, morphological characters, and biological data from available sources. All evidence shows that Daimio and Tagiades are congeneric, isolated from Darpa. According to the rule of priority, Daimio (syn. n.) is a junior synonym of Tagiades. Therefore, we subsume tethys under Tagiades as Tagiades tethys (Ménétriés, 1875), comb. n.  

Morphological and molecular characterisation of Panagrellus spp. (Cephalobina: Panagrolaimidae): taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships

Nematology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Patricia Stock ◽  
Steven Nadler
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Tree Topologies

AbstractThe genus Panagrellus currently comprises 12 known species. These nematodes have a worldwide distribution and have been found in a variety of habitats such as slime flux, thermal springs, insect frass and spoiled cider. Diagnosis of Panagrellus species is rather problematic since few morphological features can be used to discriminate between species and the original publications do not indicate the number of specimens measured and lack standard descriptions of variance. In this study we review the taxonomic status of several species from this genus combining classical morphological data and molecular sequences. Eleven live isolates and fixed material from currently available type specimens representing six Panagrellus species were included. Morphological analysis included the examination of qualitative and quantitative characters of males and females. The taxonomic utility of morphometric data was evaluated by means of multivariate statistics (principal component and canonical discriminant analyses). Phylogenetic inference was based on analysis of nucleotide sequences from the LSU rDNA gene and morphological characters. Parsimony tree topologies inferred from nucleotide datasets strongly supported monophyly of the P. dubius isolates, but not the P. redivivus isolates. Phylogenetic interpretation of these rDNA sequence data suggests that both the P. redivivus and P. dubius isolates each include more than a single species. Only two of the 15 morphological characters evaluated were variable within the ingroup taxa. A long spicule bifurcation length maps on the combined evidence trees as a putative synapmorphy for P. dubius, whereas male D% was homoplastic within isolates of that species. The diagnosis of the genus Panagrellus is emended.

Redescription of C. Willmann’s Holarctic species of the genus Trhypochthonius (Acari: Oribatida: Trhypochthoniidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1406 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANETTA SZYWILEWSKA-SZCZYKUTOWICZ ◽  
ZIEMOWIT OLSZANOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Diagnostic Character ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
The North ◽  
Taxonomic Importance ◽  
The Usa ◽  
First Time ◽  
Holarctic Species

Trhypochthonius nigricans and T. cladonicolus are redescribed on the basis of type specimens originating from C. Willmann’s collection and comparative material from Poland, Canada and the USA. The taxonomic importance of some morphological characters is analysed. Shape of the sensillus does not seem to be a good diagnostic character in the genus Trhypochthonius. Trhypochthonius sphagnicolus is recognized as a junior synonym of T. nigricans and T. cladonicolus is noted for the first time from the North America.

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