The biology of Acanthoclinus quadridactylus (Bloch and Schneider) (Teleostei-Blennioidea). I. Age, growth, and food

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JB Jillett
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
First Year ◽  
Selective Feeding ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Growth Zones ◽  
First Year Of Life

Age, growth, and food of a population of Acanthoclinus quadridactylus were studied from December 1959 to December 1960. Age and growth were investigated by means of length frequencies of fish and by the analysis of growth zones shown in their sagittal otoliths. The growth rate decreases with age and growth is retarded during winter months. Fish live to a maximum age of at least nine years at which time they are approximately 20 cm long. There are no marked differences in growth or longevity between the sexes. Analysis of gut contents showed that A. quadridactylus is an omnivorous carnivore. Diet is apparently restricted by availability rather than by selective feeding. Decapods were the most important food organisms and Petrolisthes elongatus was the most important single species. Other food organisms included (in order of importance) isopods, barnacles, amphipods, chitons, gastropods, bivalves, polychaetes, fish, and bryozoans. There is evidence of a change of diet in the first year of life.

Age and growth of the four-spotted megrim (Lepidorhombus boscii) in eastern Mediterranean waters

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Vassilopoulou ◽  
I. Ondrias
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
First Year ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
North Aegean Sea ◽  
First Year Of Life

This paper analyses the age and growth pattern of the four-spotted megrim (Lepidorhombus boscii), collected in the north Aegean Sea. The otoliths of the species exhibit bilateral asymmetry. Our data indicates that males have shorter lifespans (0–6 y) than females (0–8 y) and reach lower asymptotic lengths. A significant difference in growth rate exists between the two sexes after the first year of life. Growth in length is greater in females than males, whereas males appeared to be heavier than females of the same size. The latter was also corroborated by the higher accumulation of lipids in the muscle of males in relation to females. The growth rate of the species in the Atlantic was higher than in the Mediterranean. The oligotrophic character of the study area seemed to have a negative effect on the growth of megrims.

GROWTH AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF BULLS, STEERS, AND PARTIAL CASTRATES KEPT ON RANGE FOR THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE AND THEN FATTENED

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Bailey ◽  
R. Hironaka
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
First Year ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
First Year Of Life

The growth rate of bulls, steers castrated at 8 and 26 weeks of age, and steers partially castrated at 8 weeks of age did not differ before weaning in October at an average age of 181 days, or during the ensuing winter. During the subsequent finishing period in the feedlot, the rate and efficiency of growth of the partial castrates exceeded that of the steers but was less than that of the bulls. As a result, partial castrates reached the target slaughter weight of 440 kg 21 days earlier than the steers but 21 days later than the bulls. Varying the level of protein in the rations fed during the first 15 weeks of the feedlot period had no effect on rate or efficiency of gain.The percent fat in the 11th rib-cut and the depth of fat over the longissimus dorsi were less in bulls than in steers or partial castrates, and consequently the carcass grades of the bulls were generally lower. The percent separable muscle, estimated from a prediction equation, was greater in bulls than in steers and partial castrates.

scholarly journals Analysis of the health status of children of the first year of life

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
R.V. Marushko ◽  
◽  
О.О. Dudina ◽  
T.L. Marushko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Negative Trend ◽  
Child Health Service ◽  
First Year ◽  
Live Births ◽  
The Past ◽  
First Year Of Life

Ukraine entered the 21st century with one of the worst vital signs in Europe and the burden of many socio-economic and demographic problems. Adverse quantitative and especially qualitative indicators of population reproduction have become stable. Therefore, the most important medical and social task and one of the main activities of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine is the formation and maintenance of public health. The defining stage in the formation of human health is the first year of life. Purpose — to study the state and trends of changes in the main indicators of the health of children in the first year of life for the period 2000–2019. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the incidence of children in the first year of life, infant mortality, over the past 20 years in the context of individual pathological conditions is carried out. The information base of the study was the data of state and industry statistics for 2000–2019. Methods of a systematic approach, statistical data processing, epidemiological analysis of graphic images were used. Results. The study revealed that the unfavorable demographic situation in Ukraine is accompanied by an unsatisfactory state of the main predictors of a healthy start in the life of infants, the formation and maintenance of their health. Over the past two decades, there has been a high level with a negative trend of diseases of the reproductive system of women, a high frequency of the combination of pregnancy and extragenital diseases remains. There is a negative trend towards an increase in the generalized objective criterion of the health of the generation, which is born and the socio-economic well-being of the population — the frequency of premature, low birth weight, incl. With very low birth weight. Only thanks to the introduction of modern medical organizational technologies with proven efficiency in the activities of the maternal and child health service was it possible to achieve a decrease in the incidence of newborns from 280.8 per 1000 live births in 2000 up to 172.14 in 2019. At the same time, the increase in the incidence of newborns with diseases that have a direct impact on the development of chronic and disabling diseases at all stages of life is of concern — congenital pneumonia, neonatal sepsis, other disorders of the cerebral status of the newborn, neonatal jaundice. According to the assessment of the dynamics of the general morbidity of children in the first year of life, its level is still high, with a positive trend — 2018.8 per 1000 children who reached 1 year in 2000 and 1393.1 in 2019, the growth rate is -30.9% with a traditionally leading position in the level and structure of the incidence of respiratory diseases — 810.2 per 1000 children who have reached one year of life and 58.15%, certain conditions occurring in perinatal period — 126.7 ‰ and 9.06%, diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue — 63.9‰ and 4.59%, diseases of the blood and hematopoietic organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism — 63.0‰ and 4.52%. Conclusions. The positive dynamics of morbidity in children of the first year of life is confirmed by a decrease in infant mortality from its maximum level of 11.9 per 1000 live births in 2000 up to 7.0 in 2019, the growth rate is -41.2% due to all its components with a more intensive reduction in postneonatal mortality from 5.28‰ to 2.57‰, the growth rate is -51.3% against the background of an increase in the concentration of mortality in the neonatal period from 55.9% to 64.5%, respectively. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: newborns, children of the first year of life, low birthweight newborns, morbidity, infant mortality.

Age and growth of two commercially imported sharks (Carcharhinus tilstoni and C. sorrah) from Northern Australia

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 417 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Davenport ◽  
JD Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
First Year ◽  
Shark Species ◽  
Von Bertalanffy ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Gill Net ◽  
First Year Of Life

The age and growth of Carcharhinus tilstoni and C. sorrah, the two most abundant shark species in commercial gill-net catches off northern Australia, were investigated by the examination of vertebral rings. Corroborating evidence for age and growth estimates was obtained from length-frequency distributions and tag-recapture data. To aid validation of these estimates, tetracycline was injected into sharks at the time of tagging. Growth is relatively rapid in the first year of life: vertebral ageing indicated 17 cm growth in total length (TL) for C. tilstoni and about 20 cm for C. sorrah during the first year after birth. By the time the sharks are 5 years old, growth has declined to 8-10 cm per year in C. tilsoni and 5 cm per year or less in C. sorrah. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters for C. tilstoni are L∞ = 194.2, K = 0.14, t0 = -2.8 for females, and L∞ = 165.4, K = 0.19, t0 = -2.6 for males; for C. sorrah the parameters are L∞ = 123.9, K = 0.34, t0 = -1.9 for females, and L∞ = 98.4, K = 1.17, t0 = -0.6 for males. The greatest recorded ages for C. tilstoni were 12 years for females and 8 years for males, and for C. sorrah, 7 years for females and 5 years for males. Sexual maturity is reached early: at 3 to 4 years in C. tilstoni and 2 to 3 years in female C. sorrah.

Interactions among adult demography, spawning date, growth rate, predation, overwinter mortality, and the recruitment of largemouth bass in a northern lake

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 2588-2600 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M Post ◽  
James F Kitchell ◽  
James R Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
First Year ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Selective Predation ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Overwinter Mortality ◽  
First Year Of Life

Using 12 years of data, we evaluated the mechanisms controlling largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, recruitment in a lake near the northern extent of the largemouth bass range. We found that complex interactions among adult demographics, size-selective predation, and overwinter mortality regulate the number of largemouth bass surviving the first year of life. The largest recruitment events required at least a moderate number of adults, but a large number of adults was not sufficient to produce a large cohort of largemouth bass. Predation was controlled by the number of both adult and juvenile bass and was not strongly correlated with reproductive output. Overwinter mortality was size dependent, strongly affecting bass entering the winter at <50-60 mm in length, and likely the result of starvation. Predation and overwinter mortality interacted with spawning date and growth rate to produce variable but predictable patterns of first year survival. At high adult and juvenile densities, predation regulates first year survival. At low adult and juvenile densities, first year survival was regulated by adult demographics and interactions among spawning date, growth rates, and overwinter mortality. Although we can forecast coarse patterns of cohort survival, the survival of individual fish was more difficult to predict because length and age were not highly correlated.

scholarly journals Dependence of Deciduous Tooth Eruption Terms and Tooth Growth Rate on the Weight-Height Index at Birth in Macrosomic Children over the First Year of Life

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Garmash
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Tooth Eruption ◽  
Fetal Macrosomia ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
First Year ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Tooth Growth

The aim of this research is to study the effect of body overweight at birth (fetal macrosomia) on the processes of tooth eruption and tooth growth during the first year of life in children in the Kharkiv City (Ukraine) population. One of the research tasks is to examine the features of deciduous teeth eruption in children who were born with macrosomia with different values of the weight-height index at birth. Materials and methods. The medical records of the children born between 1977 and 2013 have been analyzed. The database has been collected in one of the Kharkiv City clinic. The Main Group is comprised of the medical records of the children (separately for boys and girls) born with fetal macrosomia. All the medical records of the Main Group have been divided into subgroups taking into account the gender and the harmonious (well-balanced) development coefficient. The Comparison Group is comprised of the medical records of the children also born within the normal term range, but with weight and height that correspond to the gestation age (fetal normosomia). To determine the average time of the first tooth eruption, as well as the deciduous teeth growth rate for each of the groups under the study, we have used the hypothesis about a linear dependence between the number of erupted teeth and the age of the child. The statistical data processing and verification of the consistency of this hypothesis is performed using the multiple linear regression analysis with the STATISTICA 6.0 software package (Multiple Regression module). The number of delayed eruption and premature eruption cases observed is calculated along with the corresponding confidence intervals for the significance level, p, of less than 0.05, taking into account the binomial distribution of the random variable. The results of the study indicate a slowed growth rate of deciduous teeth in children born with macrosomia, as well as an increased number of cases (by a factor of 2 to 4 times) of deviations in the timing of teeth eruption compared to regional norms. The smallest growth rate of deciduous teeth and the smallest number of teeth at the age of one year are registered in macrosomic boys and macrosomic girls with a long body and a relatively reduced birth weight, as well as in macrosomic girls with intrauterine obesity. The macrosomic girls with intrauterine acceleration with obesity at the background have the largest average tooth growth rate and the largest percentage of premature eruption cases among all subgroups. Conclusions. The somatometric features of fetal macrosomia suggest the influence on the number of teeth that erupt by a certain age. The data on the deviation from the generally accepted terms of teeth eruption in children born with macrosomia, can be the basis for developing new and improving existing prevention programs aimed at preserving dental health.

Spatio-temporal variability in movement, age, and growth of mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni) in a river network based upon PIT tagging and otolith chemistry

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Benjamin ◽  
Lisa A. Wetzel ◽  
Kyle D. Martens ◽  
Kimberly Larsen ◽  
Patrick J. Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Large River ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
River Networks ◽  
First Year ◽  
Prosopium Williamsoni ◽  
Timing Of Migration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
First Year Of Life

Connectivity of river networks and the movements among habitats can be critical for the life history of many fish species, and understanding of the patterns of movement is central to managing populations, communities, and the landscapes they use. We combined passive integrated transponder tagging over 4 years and strontium isotopes in otoliths to demonstrate that 25% of the mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni) sampled moved between the Methow and Columbia rivers, Washington, USA. Seasonal migrations downstream from the Methow River to the Columbia River to overwinter occurred in autumn and upstream movements in the spring. We observed migration was common during the first year of life, with migrants being larger than nonmigrants. However, growth between migrants and nonmigrants was similar. Water temperature was positively related to the proportion of migrants and negatively related to the timing of migration, but neither was related to discharge. The broad spatio-temporal movements we observed suggest mountain whitefish, and likely other nonanadromous fish, require distant habitats and also suggests that management and conservation strategies to keep connectivity of large river networks are imperative.

scholarly journals Parasite co-infections show synergistic and antagonistic interactions on growth performance of East African zebu cattle under one year

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 140 (14) ◽  
pp. 1789-1798 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. THUMBI ◽  
B. M. de. C. BRONSVOORT ◽  
E. J. POOLE ◽  
H. KIARA ◽  
P. TOYE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
First Year ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
One Year ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Antagonistic Interactions

SUMMARYThe co-occurrence of different pathogen species and their simultaneous infection of hosts are common, and may affect host health outcomes. Co-infecting pathogens may interact synergistically (harming the host more) or antagonistically (harming the host less) compared with single infections. Here we have tested associations of infections and their co-infections with variation in growth rate using a subset of 455 animals of the Infectious Diseases of East Africa Livestock (IDEAL) cohort study surviving to one year. Data on live body weight, infections with helminth parasites and haemoparasites were collected every 5 weeks during the first year of life. Growth of zebu cattle during the first year of life was best described by a linear growth function. A large variation in daily weight gain with a range of 0·03–0·34 kg, and a mean of 0·135 kg (0·124, 0·146; 95% CI) was observed. After controlling for other significant covariates in mixed effects statistical models, the results revealed synergistic interactions (lower growth rates) with Theileria parva and Anaplasma marginale co-infections, and antagonistic interactions (relatively higher growth rates) with T. parva and Theileria mutans co-infections, compared with infections with T. parva only. Additionally, helminth infections can have a strong negative effect on the growth rates but this is burden-dependent, accounting for up to 30% decrease in growth rate in heavily infected animals. These findings present evidence of pathogen–pathogen interactions affecting host growth, and we discuss possible mechanisms that may explain observed directions of interactions as well as possible modifications to disease control strategies when co-infections are present.

scholarly journals Analysis of age and growth indicators of white sla fish (Sander luciperca) in Tuzkon lake (Aydar-Arnasay Lake System), Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
D. Dehkonova ◽  
T. Kanatbaeva ◽  
M. Ummatova ◽  
M. Yuldashov
Keyword(s):  
Age And Growth ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sander Lucioperca ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
The Third ◽  
Lake System ◽  
Pike Perch ◽  
Second Year ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Growth Indicators

This article provides information on the growth of pike perch (Sander lucioperca) of Lake Tuzkon, which is part of the Aydar-Arnasay system of lakes. As a result of the research carried out, the age composition of the catches was determined: at the age of 1+ - 16.5%; 2+ - 38.5%; 3+ - 17.5%; 4+ - 12%; 5+ - 7.6% and 6+ - 8.0%. It was determined that pike perch in the first year of life grows to an average of 26.40 cm, in the second year - up to 44.45 cm, in the third - up to 53.35 cm, in the fourth - up to 67.37 cm, in the fifth and sixth years, respectively - up to 70.39 and 76.20 cm.

scholarly journals SPLITTING OF TROPHIC NICHES IN UNDERYEARLINGS OF MINNOW PHOXINUS PHOXINUS (L.) AND GUDGEON GOBIO GOBIO (L.) SHARING THE SAME HABITAT

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Nina Nikolaevna Zhgareva ◽  
Aleksandra Pavlovna Strelnikova ◽  
Igor Viktorovich Shlyapkin
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
First Year ◽  
Chironomid Larvae ◽  
Phoxinus Phoxinus ◽  
Analysis Of Similarity ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Hydrobiological Research

The article gives the results of determining feeding spectra of underyearlings of minnow ( Phoxinus phoxinus (L.)) and gudgeon ( Gobio gobio (L.)) living in the middle flow of the river Kes’ma (tributary of Rybinsk reservoir), as well as limits of feeding biotopes of their juveniles and proportion of structural zones determining their ecological niches at the first year of life. Analysis of similarity and distinction of food composition consumed by fry of both fish species utilizing common foraging resources in the process of sharing the same habitat was performed. It was shown that diet of gudgeon fry is more diverse, compared to minnow fry. Gudgeon was found to forage on invertebrates belonging to seven classes while minnow’s diet comprised representatives of four classes. Food objects common for both fish species were oligochaetes and larvae of amphibiotic insects. Chironomid larvae dominated in the food of both fish species. This can be observed in both the frequency of occurrence of these food items in the digestive tract (100%), as well as in the indices of its mass in the boluses. Species composition of chironomid larvae found in the food of gudgeon and minnow was significantly different. These differences are conditioned by both the biological features of single species such as their confinement to certain micro-habitats as well as the foraging behavior of fish fry. Because of current lack of hydrobiological research in the Kes’ma river, the prelist of invertebrates found in dietary intake of fish fry of the local habitat is considered to have a great practical value.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document