66 BUFFALO-BULL SEMEN-FERTILITY EVALUATION IN RELATION TO MOTILITY AND INTEGRITY OF ACROSOME, PLASMA MEMBRANE, AND SPERM DNA

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kumar ◽  
P. Kumar ◽  
P. Singh ◽  
S. P. Yadav ◽  
P. S. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Linear Velocity ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Motility Parameters

The breeding-soundness examination is conducted to identify and select bulls with an acceptable reproductive efficiency. In buffalo, there is meagre information regarding fertility index in relation to sperm attributes so that a future breeding bull could be selected at the age of maturity. So, to predict the fertility of buffalo breeding bulls, the present study was conducted to assess the motility parameters and integrity of acrosome, plasma membrane, and DNA of cryopreserved semen of high- and low-fertile bulls. The fertility of bulls was classified on the basis of conception rates, where buffalo bulls with conception rate <35% were considered as low-fertility bulls and those with conception rate >55% were considered as high-fertility bulls. A computer-assisted semen analyser was used for motility and viability studies, whereas integrity of acrosome, plasma membrane, and DNA were assessed by Pisum sativum agglutinin–fluorescein isothiocyanate, Annexin-V/PI, and TUNEL assay kit, respectively, under the florescence microscope. At least 200 spermatozoa were evaluated from each group, and results were analysed by ANOVA. The level of significance was observed at P < 0.05. The mean (±SE) values for various motility parameters of sperm for high-fertile bulls were total motility (56.8 ± 3.2%), average path velocity (87.22 ± 1.6 µm s–1), straight linear velocity (68.93 ± 1.9 µm s–1), and curvilinear velocity (156.52 ± 4.3 µm s–1). These values were significantly higher than those of low-fertile bulls (43.8 ± 1.7%, 79.02 ± 2.4 µm s–1, 63.42 ± 1.2 µm s–1, and 142.37 ± 2.8 µm s–1, respectively). The amplitude of lateral head displacement (6.8 ± 0.07 v. 6.5 ± 0.1 µm), beat cross frequency (33.9 ± 0.4 v. 33.43 ± 0.5 Hz), straightness (79.2 ± 0.7 v. 78.7 ± 0.6%), linearity (45.5 ± 0.4 v. 45.5 ± 0.7%), and viability (71.2 ± 0.8 v. 68.9 ± 0.8%) did not differ in both groups. The average percentage of intactness of sperm acrosome of high-fertile bulls was significantly higher (81.82 ± 0.87%) than that of low-fertility bulls (76.86 ± 0.87%). Furthermore, to assess the functionality of plasma membrane of sperm, we analyzed different stages of apoptotic-like events. The percentage of apoptotic sperm differed significantly between high-fertility (15.59 ± 0.75%) and low-fertility (25.94 ± 0.5%) bulls. The percentages of early necrotic, necrotic, and viable sperm did not differ in 2 groups. The DNA integrity in high-fertility (90.24 ± 0.94%) and low-fertility (88.37 ± 0.91%) bulls was not significantly different. In conclusion, the various parameters such as average path velocity, curvilinear velocity, straight linear velocity, and total motility; acrosomal integrity; and percentage of apoptotic sperm are useful for evaluating the semen quality of a bull to reduce the risk of using poor-fertility bulls in an AI program.

scholarly journals 238 ASSESSMENT OF SPERM MOTILITY, VIABILITY, AND FERTILIZATION RATE OF TWO GROUPS OF BULLS SHOWING A DIFFERENT ABILITY TO PROMOTE EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN VITRO

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Alomar ◽  
J. Mahieu ◽  
B. Verhaeghe ◽  
I. Donnay
Keyword(s):  
Low Fertility ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sperm Nuclei ◽  
Motility Parameters

Low developmental rates after IVF with some AI bulls are one of the most frequent problems encountered with in vitro production of bovine embryos. In this study, two groups of high and low in vitro fertility bulls (3 bulls per group) were selected based upon blastocyst rates. We first evaluated sperm motion characteristics using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) before and after Percoll separation. The following parameters were compared between bulls: proportion of motile sperm (% MOT), curvilinear velocity (VCL), and straightness (STR), which allowed us to evaluate the proportion of progressive semen (VCL > 80 μm/s and STR > 60%). Concerning % MOT, differences between bulls were observed before Percoll separation (42 to 59% – ANOVA2: P = 0.017). Following separation, the values of % MOT were globally increased (ANOVA3: P < 0.001) and no further difference was observed between bulls (68 to 76%). The same pattern was obtained for the proportion of progressive spermatozoa (before: 43 to 55% vs. after: 48 to 57% – ANOVA3: P = 0.005). For viability measurements, two DNA-binding fluorochromes, propidium iodide and Hoechst 33342, were used, which respectively stain dead sperm nuclei in red and living sperm nuclei in blue. This viability evaluation was carried out after 0, 2, 6, and 18 h of incubation in TALP medium supplemented with heparin (10 μg/mL), under the same conditions as IVF but without oocytes. In the two groups of bulls, a sharp decrease in the proportion of living sperm was already observed at 2 h (only 50 to 20% of living sperm), while, at 18 h, 17 to 9% of sperm were still intact. Two bulls from the high in vitro fertility group showed a percentage of living sperm significantly more important at 6 and 18 h than the other 4 bulls (chi square – P < 0.05). In a third experiment, we assessed the fertilization (2 pronuclei) and the polyspermy (>2 pronuclei) rates after staining the zygotes with Hoechst at 18 hpi. The high fertility group showed higher fertilization rates than the low fertility one (75 to 80% vs. 59 to 67% – ANOVA2: P < 0.008). No significant difference was noticed between bulls concerning polyspermy. The present results confirm the efficiency of Percoll separation in enhancing some of the motility parameters such as the proportion of motile and progressive sperm. Moreover, this gradient allows us to abolish differences between bulls for those motility parameters. However, the viability and the rate of fertilization still varied between bulls after Percoll separation. In our study, only fertilization rates seemed related to the blastocyst rates. Further investigations are under way to better understand the sperm characteristics of these two groups. This work was supported by the Minestery of Agriculture of the Region wallonne de Belgique.

scholarly journals A Combined Flow Cytometric Semen Analysis and miRNA Profiling as a Tool to Discriminate Between High- and Low-Fertility Bulls

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Turri ◽  
Emanuele Capra ◽  
Barbara Lazzari ◽  
Paola Cremonesi ◽  
Alessandra Stella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Predictive Equation ◽  
Mirna Profiling ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Combined Flow

Predicting bull fertility is one of the main challenges for the dairy breeding industry and artificial insemination (AI) centers. Semen evaluation performed in the AI center is not fully reliable to determine the level of bull fertility. Spermatozoa are rich in active miRNA. Specific sperm-borne miRNAs can be linked to fertility. The aim of our study is to propose a combined flow cytometric analysis and miRNA profiling of semen bulls with different fertility to identify markers that can be potentially used for the prediction of field fertility. Sperm functions were analyzed in frozen-thawed semen doses (CG: control group) and high-quality sperm (HQS) fraction collected from bulls with different field fertility levels (estimated relative conception rate or ERCR) by using advanced techniques, such as the computer-assisted semen analysis system, flow cytometry, and small RNA-sequencing. Fertility groups differ for total and progressive motility and in the abnormality degree of the chromatin structure (P &lt; 0.05). A backward, stepwise, multiple regression analysis was applied to define a model with high relation between in vivo (e.g., ERCR) and in vitro (i.e., semen quality and DE-miRNA) fertility data. The analysis produced two models that accounted for more than 78% of the variation of ERCR (CG: R2 = 0.88; HQS: R2 = 0.78), identifying a suitable combination of parameters useful to predict bull fertility. The predictive equation on CG samples included eight variables: four kinetic parameters and four DNA integrity indicators. For the HQS fraction, the predictive equation included five variables: three kinetic parameters and two DNA integrity indicators. A significant relationship was observed between real and predicted fertility in CG (R2 = 0.88) and HQS fraction (R2 = 0.82). We identified 15 differentially expressed miRNAs between high- and low-fertility bulls, nine of which are known (miR-2285n, miR-378, miR-423-3p, miR-191, miR-2904, miR-378c, miR-431, miR-486, miR-2478) while the remaining are novel. The multidimensional preference analysis model partially separates bulls according to their fertility, clustering three semen quality variable groups relative to motility, DNA integrity, and viability. A positive association between field fertility, semen quality parameters, and specific miRNAs was revealed. The integrated approach could provide a model for bull selection in AI centers, increasing the reproductive efficiency of livestock.

Transcriptome profile and association study revealed STAT3 gene as a potential quality marker of bovine gametes

Zygote ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-130
Author(s):  
Nasser Ghanem ◽  
Dessie Salilew-Wondim ◽  
Michael Hoelker ◽  
Karl Schellander ◽  
Dawit Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cdna Array ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genetic Merit

SummaryThe present study was aimed to investigate differences in molecular signatures in oocytes derived from Holstein-Friesian heifers with different genetic merit for fertility, euthanized during day 0 or day 12 of the estrous cycle. Moreover, association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ODC1 and STAT3 genes and bull fertility traits was investigated. The gene expression patterns were analyzed using cDNA array and validated with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The result revealed that several genes have shown not only to be regulated by fertility merit but also by the day of oocyte recovery during the estrous cycle. The STAT3 gene was found to be upregulated in oocytes recovered from animals with high fertility merit at both day 0 and day 12. Some other genes like PTTG1, ODC1 and TUBA1C were downregulated at day 0 and upregulated at day 12 in high, compared with low, fertility merit recovered oocytes. In contrast, the transcript abundance of TPM3 was upregulated at day 0 and downregulated at day 12 in high, compared with low, fertility merit recovered oocytes. In addition, ODC1 and STAT3 were found to be associated (P < 0.05) with sperm quality traits as well as flow cytometry parameters. Therefore, the expression of several candidate genes including ODC1 and STAT3 was related to the genetic merit of the cow. In addition polymorphisms in these two genes were found to be associated with bull semen quality.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Commercial Egg Yolk-Free and Egg Yolk-Supplemented Tris-Based Extenders for Dromedary Camel Semen Cryopreservation

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Abdel-Aziz Swelum ◽  
Islam M. Saadeldin ◽  
Hani Ba-Awadh ◽  
Mohsen G. Al-Mutary ◽  
Abdullah F. Moumen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Dromedary Camel ◽  
Plasma Membrane Integrity ◽  
Semen Cryopreservation

This study compared the efficiency of commercial egg yolk-free (AndroMed, OPTIXcell) and egg yolk-supplemented (Triladyl, Steridyl) Tris-based extenders for semen cryopreservation in seven adult dromedary camels. The camel-specific extender SHOTOR was used as control. The collected semen samples were evaluated and diluted with SHOTOR, Triladyl, Steridyl, AndroMed, or OPTIXcell. The diluted semen was gradually cooled and equilibrated for two hours before liquid nitrogen freezing. Semen was evaluated prior to freezing and after freeze-thawing cycles for motility, kinetics, vitality, abnormality, plasma membrane integrity, and DNA fragmentation using computer-assisted sperm analysis. In pre-freezing evaluation, progressive sperm motility was higher in SHOTOR-diluted samples (21.54 ± 1.83) than in samples diluted with Steridyl, OPTIXcell, or AndroMed (15.76 ± 1.80, 17.43 ± 1.10, and 13.27 ± 1.07, respectively). Moreover, Triladyl and SHOTOR resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) better sperm vitality and DNA integrity than all other diluents, but Triladyl resulted in a significantly (p < 0.05) better plasma membrane integrity (87.77 ± 0.31) than SHOTOR (85.48 ± 0.58). In the post-thawing evaluation, Triladyl led to significantly (p < 0.05) higher sperm motility (38.63 ± 0.81%; p < 0.05) when compared to SHOTOR, Steridyl or AndroMed (35.09 ± 1.341%, 34.4 ± 0.84%, and 31.99 ± 1.48%, respectively), with OPTIXcell being the least efficient (28.39 ± 0.86%). Progressive sperm motility was the highest when using Triladyl. Post-thawing curvilinear, straight line and average path sperm velocities were highest with Triladyl and lowest with AndroMed. Triladyl led to the highest linearity coefficient and straightness sperm coefficient, while SHOTOR to the highest DNA and plasma membrane integrity. OPTIXcell and AndroMed resulted in poor post-thawing sperm vitality, while Steridyl was less efficient than Triladyl. The highest rate of sperm abnormalities was recorded with OPTIXcell and the lowest with SHOTOR or Triladyl. In conclusion, SHOTOR, Triladyl, Steridyl, AndroMed, and OPTIXcell can all be used for camel semen cryopreservation; however, SHOTOR and Triladyl provided the best post-thawing sperm quality. Based on our findings, Triladyl is the best commercially available extender for dromedary camel semen cryopreservation to date.

scholarly journals How to Increase Post-Thaw Semen Quality in Poor Freezing Stallions: Preliminary Results of the Promising Role of Seminal Plasma Added after Thawing

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Šichtař ◽  
Filipa Bubeníčková ◽  
Jitka Sirohi ◽  
Ondřej Šimoník
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Spermatozoa Motility

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of two types of seminal plasma (SP) after thawing on the functional characteristics of frozen–thawed (F–T) spermatozoa of poor freezing stallions during prolonged incubation periods. Seminal plasma from stallions with 35–40% (standard seminal plasma, (S-SP)) and 60–70% (above standard seminal plasma, (A-SP)) progressively motile spermatozoa after thawing was used. The motility, kinematic parameters (Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis), distribution of spermatozoa into subpopulations, integrity (carboxyfluorescein diacetate/propidium iodide staining), and functionality (hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) test) of the spermatozoa plasma membrane were evaluated after thawing (T0) and after 30 min (T30) of incubation at 37 °C. There was no effect of SP addition on spermatozoa motility, but there was a significant positive effect on the kinematic parameters at T0 and T30. The addition of SP significantly increased the percentage of spermatozoa in the fast subpopulation at T0 as well as at T30. Plasma membrane integrity was not affected by the treatment, but functionality significantly decreased by 5% compared to the control group when samples were incubated for 30 min with A-SP. In conclusion, generally, the post-thaw addition of seminal plasma positively affected the post-thaw quality of semen from poor freezing stallions.

Fertility levels of bulls kept at an artificial insemination centre

1952 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Cembrowicz
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Present Method ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation ◽  
Natural Service ◽  
True Measure

The present method of estimating preliminary results in artificial insemination practice bears a definite relation to calving percentages, and, with few exceptions, may be generally adopted as a true measure of fertility.Single factors, such as an individual bull with a low conception rate, a new and less efficient inseminator, or variations in the results obtained at the Sub-Centres, etc., do not noticeably affect the average monthly conception rate in a large A.I. Centre. The most important influencing factors have been found to be the choice of diluent, and in some cases the elimination of the use of stored semen.No significant variation in fertility occurs with the season of the year, the age of the bull or the area of operation; but, for a bull to work satisfactorily at a centre and at the same time achieve good results, it is necessary that he should be treated as an individual and his psychology closely studied.In view of results obtained, one is able to conclude that methods of evaluation at present in use (estimating initial motility, density, percentage of abnormals and a test of viability by storage of diluted and undiluted samples) are up to a point satisfactory.A dilutor or buffer may influence the conception rate considerably, and it is felt that the diluent in use at present has its own fertility level.With the Centre's team of forty-eight bulls it is obvious that there must be some variation in fertility levels between individuals; but it is seen that, whereas bulls in natural service fall obviously into categories of ‘high fertility’ or ‘low fertility’, this division tends to disappear in A.I. with the application of the various techniques.

scholarly journals Beneficial Influence of Soybean Lecithin Nanoparticles on Rooster Frozen–Thawed Semen Quality and Fertility

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1769
Author(s):  
Lingwei Sun ◽  
Mengqian He ◽  
Caifeng Wu ◽  
Shushan Zhang ◽  
Jianjun Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Soybean Lecithin ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
The Impact

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of different concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%) of nano-soybean lecithin (SL) in the extender on sperm quality, sperm motion characteristics, and fertility outcomes of post-thawed rooster semen. Adult Ross broiler breeder roosters (n = 20) were subjected to semen collections twice a week for three weeks. At each collection, semen samples were pooled and allocated into five treatments corresponding to different nano-SL concentrations (control, SL0.5, SL1.0, SL1.5, and SL2.0). Sperm parameters, including motility (collected using a computer-assisted sperm analysis system), plasma membrane and acrosome integrities, and mitochondrial activity were assessed. Sperm malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant activities (total antioxidant capacity (TAC); superoxide dismutase (SOD); glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) were evaluated. The fertility and hatchability obtained with frozen–thawed rooster semen supplemented with the optimum nano-SL concentration were assessed after artificial insemination. The results showed that the addition of 1% nano-SL into the extender led to a higher semen motility in roosters, improved plasma membrane and acrosome integrities, and higher mitochondrial activity of post-thawed rooster semen in comparison to controls (p < 0.05). The MDA levels in the SL0.5 and SL1.0 groups were lower than the other groups (p < 0.05). TAC activities in SL0.5, SL1.0, and SL1.5 groups were significantly higher than those in the other groups (p < 0.05). It was observed that the concentration of SOD was higher in the SL1.0 group than in the other groups (p < 0.05). The activity of GPx was not influenced in any of the cases (p > 0.05). Moreover, the percentages of fertility and hatchability in the SL1.0 group were higher (56.36% and 58.06%) than those in the control group (42.72% and 40.43%). In summary, the addition of nano-SL to the extenders enhanced the post-thawed semen quality and fertility of roosters by reducing the level of oxidative stress. The optimum nano-SL concentration was 1.0%. These results may be beneficial for improving the efficacy of semen cryopreservation procedures in poultry breeding.

Semen quality assessments and their significance in reproductive technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kordan ◽  
L. Fraser ◽  
P. Wysocki ◽  
R. Strzeżek ◽  
M. Lecewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Quality Assessments

Abstract Semen quality assessment methods are very important in predicting the fertilizing ability of persevered spermatozoa and to improve animal reproductive technology. This review discusses some of the current laboratory methods used for semen quality assessments, with references to their relevance in the evaluation of male fertility and semen preservation technologies. Semen quality assessment methods include sperm motility evaluations, analyzed with the computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) system, and plasma membrane integrity evaluations using fluorescent stains, such as Hoechst 33258 (H33258), SYBR-14, propidium iodide (PI), ethidium homodimer (EthD) and 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA), and biochemical tests, such as the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) level. This review addresses the significance of specific fluorochromes and ATP measurements for the evaluation of the sperm mitochondrial status. Laboratory methods used for the evaluation of chromatin status, DNA integrity, and apoptotic changes in spermatozoa have been discussed. Special emphasis has been focused on the application of proteomic techniques, such as two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), for the identification of the properties and functions of seminal plasma proteins in order to define their role in the fertilization-related processes.

Effect of adding heterologous versus homologous bovine seminal plasma prior to cryopreservation on bull sperm quality after thawing

Zygote ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 388-394
Author(s):  
Thanapol Nongbua ◽  
Essraa M Al-Essawe ◽  
Anders Edman ◽  
Anders Johannisson ◽  
Jane M Morrell
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Oxygen Species

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adding homologous or heterologous bovine seminal plasma (SP) to SP-free sperm samples before freezing on sperm quality after thawing. Ejaculates from bulls of known fertility were used as a source of SP. The SP was removed from further aliquots of the same ejaculates by colloid centrifugation to create SP-free sperm samples; the resuspended sperm pellets were treated with homologous or heterologous SP from high or low fertility bulls at 0%, 1% or 5% before freezing. After thawing, sperm quality was evaluated by computer-assisted sperm analysis and flow cytometry for membrane integrity, reactive oxygen species, chromatin structure, mitochondrial membrane potential and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Data were analysed using Proc MIXED, SAS®. Post-hoc comparisons were adjusted for multiplicity using Tukey’s method. The addition of SP resulted in significant differences in sperm quality, namely velocity class A, Velocity Straight Line (VSL), Velocity Average Path (VAP), Velocity Curved Line (VCL), Amplitude of Lateral Head Displacement (ALH), Hyperactive (HYP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and % DNA fragmentation index (DFI) (P<0.05 for each). Although adding 5% homologous SP from high fertility bulls was beneficial to sperm kinematics, 5% heterologous SP from high fertility bulls had a deleterious effect on chromatin integrity and on sperm velocity. In conclusion, adding SP may have either a beneficial effect or a deleterious effect depending on the individuals involved. It might be feasible to use this method to improve sperm quality in some circumstances.

175 Analysis of Cryopreserved Semen Quality: With the Tools Available, What Is Possible to Be Interpreted

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 112-113
Author(s):  
André F de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Freezing Process ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Fertility Potential

Abstract Identifying doses of post-thawed semen with high and low fertility potential is the main objective pursued by professionals and companies involved in commercializing frozen semen. In post-thaw semen, we can evaluate the motility characteristics and the integrity of the spermatozoa membranes and their DNA so that we can identify the number of cells that have the minimum characteristics to be considered with the potential to fertilize the oocyte. However, even with these analyzes using fluorescent probes, flow cytometry, and a computerized semen analysis system, it is impossible to predict the dose’s fertilizing potential accurately. The spermatozoa and seminal plasma originate from an individual (e.g., boar, bull, stallion), and even the spermatozoa and seminal plasma from this individual are different between different ejaculates. Factors such as genetics, age, ambiance, nutrition, and semen manipulation can alter the cryotolerance capacity of a given ejaculate, thus affecting its fertility potential. However, recent studies with assessments of proteomics, lipidomics, metabolomics, and miRNAs have associated cryotolerance and semen fertility with markers that can be evaluated before the ejaculate cryopreservation process—in this way, creating the possibility of selecting high fertility doses before the freezing process. Suppose these biological markers will conclusively make it possible to inform whether post-thawed semen dose has high or low fertility potential. In that case, only future research work verifying fertility will allow us to know. In the meantime, it is highly recommended to evaluate the post-thaw semen by assessing characteristics of motility, the integrity of the plasma and acrosomal membranes, and the integrity of DNA. Thus, ensuring that inseminations are carried out with the minimum number of sperm able to provide a high potential for fertility. These minimum numbers are related to the species and type of cryopreserved semen: conventional or sexed.

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