Demographic transition among hunters: a temporal analysis of hunter recruitment dedication and motives in Denmark

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Peter Hansen ◽  
M. Nils Peterson ◽  
Charlotte Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Change ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Multiple Regression Models ◽  
The Face ◽  
Positive Factor ◽  
Hunter Recruitment

Context In many countries, hunting has emerged as a major source of funding for wildlife conservation and research or habitat acquisition. In some countries, recent declines in recruitment of hunters have generated concerns about the consequences of the rapid demographic change within society in general, and among hunters in particular. Gaining a better understanding of how these demographic changes influence dedication to and motivation for hunting has therefore become an important task. Aims Our aims included documenting the demographic transition among Danish hunters, and identifying correlates of hunter recruitment age, motivations and dedication. Methods We addressed these aims using a national survey of Danish hunters in 2000 (n = 1186) and 2006 (n = 701). Survey data were analysed using multiple regression models. Key results Whereas recruitment numbers remained stable, the average age of recruitment for hunters increased from 21 to 34 between 1984 and 2006, and the percentage of new hunters younger than 20 declined from 63% to 19% during the same period. Respondents who hunted to experience nature were recruited at older ages than other hunters. Recruitment age was negatively related to number of days hunting per year and relative importance placed on hunting as a recreational activity, and positively related to being recruited by friends, female gender, being married, and having an urban childhood. Conclusions The global demographic transition towards an older and more urban populace may drive a change in hunter demographics rather than a decline of hunting. Implications The present study suggests that hunting can persist in the face of rapid demographic change. However, the study also indicates several important structural barriers for new hunters, favouring those hunters being economically most well off and leading to a decline in hunting dedication. To meet these challenges, the study suggests that modifications will be needed in hunter education programs and hunter recruitment campaigns, so as to maintain hunting as a significant positive factor within wildlife conservation.

scholarly journals A portrait of Italian ‘Family houses’: diversified heritage in a redefined territorial and demographic context

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Zanfi ◽  
Chiara Merlini ◽  
Viviana Giavarini ◽  
Fabio Manfredini
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Change ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Property Values ◽  
Italian Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Demographic Context ◽  
Family House

AbstractThe ‘family house’ has played a major role within the urbanisation processes that have been transforming the Italian landscape since the 1960s. It is a common feature of the widespread settlements that are part of what has been labelled the ‘diffuse city’ and was the subject of numerous studies during the 1990s. More than 20 years later, this paper returns to the topic of the Italian family house using a renewed methodological approach to describe relevant changes. The hypothesis here is that in order to grasp the tensions affecting ‘family houses’ in today’s context of demographic transition and increased imbalances between dynamic and declining areas, and to contemplate their future, the qualitative gaze adopted by scholars in the 1990s must be integrated with other investigative tools, focusing on demographic change, uses, and the property values of buildings. Using this perspective, the paper provides a series of ‘portraits’ rooted in four meaningful territorial contexts, portraits which may help scholars to redefine their imagery associated with family house and be useful for dedicated building policies.

Irish Demography in a Comparative Context: European Transition Theory vs. A Post-Colonial Understanding

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. White
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Change ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Transition Theory ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
Irish Society ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Demographic Patterns

While studies of Irish society have concentrated on the effects of colonialism on late industrialisation and Irish social life, less work has been done on the uniqueness of Irish demographic change and its connection to the country's colonial past. The present article argues that Ireland demographic history has more in common with post-colonial societies than with European states that went through the so-called demographic transition. Irish demographic patterns differ even from peripheral societies of Europe, primarily because its historic pattern of emigration allowed for a stable population despite relatively high birth rates and rapidly declining death rates. Ireland's recent economic success, however, has dramatically altered this historic pattern and its vital rates now correspond more closely to the pattern of European countries that experienced an early demographic transition.

scholarly journals A prospective study of 39 patients with trigeminal neuralgia treated with percutaneous balloon compression

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (2a) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuilker Knoner Campos ◽  
Marcelo N. Linhares
Keyword(s):  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Approval Ratings ◽  
Balloon Compression ◽  
Percutaneous Balloon ◽  
Percutaneous Balloon Compression ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Prospective Study

OBJECTIVE: Trigeminal neuralgia is the most common facial pain. It may be treated with percutaneous balloon compression (PBC), which is considered to be a safe and efficient procedure. The purpose of this study was to review our results with PBC and to assess the factors influencing the outcome. METHOD: A multivariate analysis was used to study 39 patients during a 50-month postoperative period. RESULTS: There was predominance of the female gender (54%), the right side of the face (84%) and V2V3 roots of trigeminal nerve (33%). The mean age was 62.3 years. No major complications or deaths occurred. Among all variables, postoperative hypoesthesia was the single prognostic factor capable of positively influencing the results (p=0.02). Most patients (80%) were pain-free after 50 months with a 90% satisfaction rate. CONCLUSION: PBC was a safe procedure with low morbidity, no mortality, high approval ratings, and was an important improving on patients' quality of life.

Historical Demography and Epidemiology: The Meta-Narrative Challenge

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Mooney
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Epidemiological Transition ◽  
Empirical Testing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
The Face ◽  
Migration And Health

Demography and epidemiology tend to analyse human processes in the aggregate. This article illustrates that definitions of demography and epidemiology provide some understanding of how they are typically used in medical history. The influence of demographic and epidemiological transition theories is discussed. The article mentions that extensive research into fertility behaviour in the past has dismantled many aspects of demographic transition and reveals that epidemiological transition has proved more durable in the face of empirical testing, but it is nonetheless problematically hidebound to a narrative of progress and modernization. This article also focuses on the complicated relationship between migration and health and is considered crucial for understanding patterns of population growth, health, and illness. Finally, it outlines some of the ways that innovative research on life-course experiences and famine demography has shaken the trees of long-held medical historical assumptions.

scholarly journals Demographic transition and “demographic security” in post-Soviet countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Alexandre Sidorenko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
National Security ◽  
Demographic Change ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Traditional Approaches

The review-and-analytical article deals with the interrelation between demographic transition and national security. The focus is on the countries of the former Soviet Union. It proves that along with two traditional approaches of population policy, i.e. prevention and overcoming of negative consequences of demographic transition, measures of adjustment to demographic change are acquiring increasing importance.

scholarly journals Fake news and unfunded beliefs in the post-truth age

Universitas ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 87-108
Author(s):  
Víctor Castillo-Riquelme ◽  
Patricio Hermosilla-Urrea ◽  
Juan P. Poblete-Tiznado ◽  
Christian Durán-Anabalón
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
The Social ◽  
Paranormal Beliefs ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship

The dissemination of fake news embodies a pressing problem for democracy that is exacerbated by theubiquity of information available on the Internet and by the exploitation of those who, appealing to theemotionality of audiences, have capitalized on the injection of falsehoods into the social fabric. In thisstudy, through a cross-sectional, correlational and non-experimental design, the relationship betweencredibility in the face of fake news and some types of dysfunctional thoughts was explored in a sampleof Chilean university students. The results reveal that greater credibility in fake news is associated withhigher scores of magical, esoteric and naively optimistic thinking, beliefs that would be the meetingpoint for a series of cognitive biases that operate in the processing of information. The highest correlationis found with the paranormal beliefs facet and, particularly, with ideas about the laws of mentalattraction, telepathy and clairvoyance. Significant differences were also found in credibility in fake newsas a function of the gender of the participants, with the female gender scoring higher on average thanthe male gender. These findings highlight the need to promote critical thinking, skepticism and scientificattitude in all segments of society.

Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of the German Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110623
Author(s):  
Ramzi Fatfouta ◽  
Radosław Rogoza
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Face ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Future Work

Fear is a fundamental response in the face of a life-threatening pandemic, such as COVID-19. To assess COVID-19-related fear, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) has been recently developed and validated in many countries across the globe. The current study aimed to adapt the FCV-19S into German and to examine its psychometric properties. Participants ( N = 866) were asked to complete the FCV-19S, report their perceived risk of contracting the virus, and their willingness to comply with mask wearing. Confirmatory Factor Analysis supported both a two-factor structure (emotional and somatic fear) and a more parsimonious one-factor model. Among demographic variables, only female gender was positively associated with the FCV-19S. Moreover, the measure was associated with increased risk perception and compliance with mask wearing. Results suggest that the FCV-19S has good psychometric properties in German and can be used in future work.

Population

2020 ◽  
pp. 258-276
Author(s):  
Tirthankar Roy
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Demographic Change ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Population History ◽  
World Population ◽  
Initial Size ◽  
Slow Pace ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Population Demographic

India’s population, long-stagnant or growing only at a slow pace, began to grow rapidly from the 1920s. Given the large initial size of the population, demographic change in this region was a turning point in world population history. What had changed to produce this turn? Chapter 10 considers the demographic transition with attention paid to population growth, famines, epidemics, and migration.

scholarly journals Human population growth and the demographic transition

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1532) ◽  
pp. 2985-2990 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bongaarts
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Demographic Change ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Human Population ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Demographic Transitions ◽  
The World ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Older Populations ◽  
Developed World

The world and most regions and countries are experiencing unprecedentedly rapid demographic change. The most obvious example of this change is the huge expansion of human numbers: four billion have been added since 1950. Projections for the next half century expect a highly divergent world, with stagnation or potential decline in parts of the developed world and continued rapid growth in the least developed regions. Other demographic processes are also undergoing extraordinary change: women's fertility has dropped rapidly and life expectancy has risen to new highs. Past trends in fertility and mortality have led to very young populations in high fertility countries in the developing world and to increasingly older populations in the developed world. Contemporary societies are now at very different stages of their demographic transitions. This paper summarizes key trends in population size, fertility and mortality, and age structures during these transitions. The focus is on the century from 1950 to 2050, which covers the period of most rapid global demographic transformation.

scholarly journals Female Gender Marginality in the Imperial Roman World: Affinity Between Women and Slaves in their Shared Stereotypes and Penetrability

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Inhee C. Berg Inhee Cho
Keyword(s):  
Female Gender ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
The Face ◽  
Sliding Scale ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Social Marginality ◽  
Free Women

Abstract The concepts of sex and gender existed in the imperial Roman world. Although there existed a sliding scale of sex and gender, gender was largely pre-determined at the time of one’s birth based on one’s sexual anatomy and concurrently, gender acculturation of the male and the female began. It was a conventional notion that women were marginal compared to freeborn men by the virtue of gender. Although the Romans improved the legal independence of free women, Greco-Roman literary evidence harbors various theoretical positions regarding female social marginality and submission, which were largely associated with slaves, and also underscores the paradox that female position of authority was only meant to be negotiated with the position of subordination. This article deals with the issue of female gender marginality and enculturation of female servility in the imperial Roman world. Various Roman literary traditions link women to slaves in their shared stereotypes and evidence that women and slaves were seen to share affinity for vulnerable penetrability in the face of the male sexual and domestic violence.

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