Development of juvenile Australian giant crabs, (Pseudocarcinus gigas Lamarck, 1818) (Decapoda : Oziidae), reared in the laboratory

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb Gardner ◽  
Dirk Welsford
Keyword(s):  
Carapace Length ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Crab Stage

Juvenile giant crabs (Pseudocarcinus gigas), sourced from laboratory-reared larvae, were ongrown through to the 7th crab stage over 2 years to allow identification of specimens collected for ecological studies. Morphological development through these stages is described. Each stage up to Crab 5 can be distinguished by changes in morphology of the appendages, primarily the 3rd maxilliped and antennule. Growth of juveniles under laboratory conditions was also recorded, with mean size of juveniles reaching 24.5 mm carapace length, 737 days after hatch.

scholarly journals Early development and allometric growth in Nannacara anomala Regan, 1905 (Perciformes: Cichlidae) under laboratory conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kupren ◽  
Maja Prusińska ◽  
Daniel Żarski ◽  
Sławomir Krejszeff ◽  
Dariusz Kucharczyk
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Larvae And Juveniles ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Accelerated Growth

Morphological development and allometric growth of laboratory reared Nannacara anomala were studied from hatching to the loss of larval characters and beginning of squamation (18 days post-hatching) at 26°C. The mean total length (TL) of larvae and juveniles increased from 3.74 mm at hatching to 9.60 mm at metamorphosis. Morphogenesis and differentiation were most intense during the first week of development. During this period (TL interval = 3.74 - 4.84 mm) there was an evident priority to enhance the feeding and swimming capabilities by promoting accelerated growth in the head and tail regions. Following this period, there was a major decrease in growth coefficients, indicating a change in growth priorities. Observations on the early development of Nannacara anomala confirmed the basic uniformity development of a substrate brooding cichlid.

ALLOMETRY OF THE SECONDARY SEXUAL CHARACTERS OF THE SHORE CRAB PACHYGRAPSUS TRANSVERSUS (GIBBES, 1850) (BRACHYURA, GRAPSIDAE)

Crustaceana ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1051-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lucia Negreiros-Fransozo ◽  
Augusto Flores
Keyword(s):  
Growth Phase ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Shore Crab ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Secondary Sexual Characters ◽  
Size At Sexual Maturity ◽  
Reproductive Females ◽  
Crab Stage ◽  
Secondary Sexual

AbstractThe allometric growth of secondary sexual characters in Pachygrapsus transversus is investigated from the 2nd crab stage onward. Clear sexual dimorphism is restricted to abdominal morphology, but ANCOVA analyses showed that chelae become larger in males and the carapace becomes wider in females. Size at the puberty moult in both sexes was estimated using Somerton's computer techniques. Mature II analyses applied to bi-log gonopod length vs. carapace length relationships indicated a puberty moult at 5.0 mm in males. In females, Mature I analyses detected the overlapping growth phase lines in bi-log carapace length vs. abdomen width scatterplots. Fitting the logistic equation provided an estimate of 50% maturity at 5.5 mm. The regression lines separate young and resting individuals from the potentially reproductive females, but they do not separate young from adult crabs. Year-round monthly samples showed that the proportion of small adult-like females is higher during the breeding season. After breeding, females may moult to a young-like morphotype, as observed in controlled laboratory conditions. Moulting to a resting condition splits smaller mature females into different "growth phase" lines. Therefore, estimates of female size at sexual maturity by means of abdomen allometric growth analyses are inadequate in this species. El crecimiento alometrico de los caracteres sexuales secundarios de Pachygrapsus transversus ha sido investigado desde el segundo estadio pos-larval. El dimorfismo abdominal es la unica caracterostica que permite distinguir claramente los sexos, pero los analisis de covarianza aplicados a las regresiones obtenidas demuestran que las quelas se vuelven m as grandes en machos y que el caparazon se vuelve mas ancho en hembras. La talla en que ambos sexos alcanzan la maturidad sexual ha sido estimada atraves de las tecnicas de Somerton. La aplicacion del programa Mature II a la regresion bi-log entre el largo del caparazon y el largo del gonopodo indica que la muda de la pubertad de los machos ocurre a los 5,0 mm. En las hembras, el programa Mature I detecto la sobreposicion de loneas de regresi on en los diagramas de dispersion de la regresion bi-log entre el largo del caparazon y el ancho del abdomen. Del ajuste de la ecuacion logostica se obtiene que 50% de las hembras son sexualmente adultas a los 5,5 mm. Estas rectas de regresion separan las hembras con potencial reproductivo de los indivoduos j ovenes y aquellos en reposo sexual. Sin embargo, las rectas no separan jovenes de adultos. Muestreos mensuales a lo largo de un ano indican que la proporcion de hembras de talla puberal con morfologia adulta es mas elevada durante el peroodo reproductivo. Despues de la reproduccion, estas hembras pueden obtener en la siguiente muda una condicion morfologica semejante a la joven, como fue verificado en condiciones de laboratorio controladas. La obtencion del reposo sexual divide a las hembras de talla puberal en rectas de regresion distintas, por lo que las estimativas de talla a la maturidad sexual atraves del analisis del crecimiento alometrico del abdomen son inadequadas para esta especie.

On the role of morphological richness in the early development of noun and verb inflection

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aris Xanthos ◽  
Sabine Laaha ◽  
Steven Gillis ◽  
Ursula Stephany ◽  
Ayhan Aksu-Koç ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Verb Inflection ◽  
Speech Corpora ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Early Acquisition ◽  
Child Speech ◽  
The Relationship

This study proposes a new methodology for determining the relationship between child-directed speech and child speech in early acquisition. It illustrates the use of this methodology in investigating the relationship between the morphological richness of child-directed speech and the speed of morphological development in child speech. Both variables are defined in terms of mean size of paradigm (MSP) and estimated in a set of longitudinal spontaneous speech corpora of nine children and their caretakers. The children are aged 1;3–3;0, acquiring nine different languages that vary in terms of morphological richness. The main result is that the degree of morphological richness in child-directed speech is positively related to the speed of development of noun and verb paradigms in child speech.

Population structure and morphometric variation in the sand-bubbler crab Scopimera crabricauda (Brachyura: Dotillidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 319-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Sharifian ◽  
Vahid Malekzadeh ◽  
Ehsan Kamrani ◽  
Mohsen Safaie
Keyword(s):  
Carapace Length ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Study Population ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
The Relationship

In the present study, population ecology and relationships between various morphometric characters of the sand-bubbler crab Scopimera crabricauda from the Persian Gulf (Iran) were studied. Crabs were collected monthly by excavating nine quadrats in high-density areas of open burrows at low, mid and high intertidal levels during spring low tides for one year. A total of 534 crabs was collected, of which 70% were males (and 30% females). Mean carapace width and total weight in both sexes showed significant differences. Crabs with a carapace width ranging from 5 to 7 mm were the dominant crabs in the population. The highest numbers of crabs were found in the higher intertidal area. The mean size of crabs decreased towards the sea. The aggregation of small crabs was found towards sea in female crabs. Juveniles were abundantly found from January to March whereas the sub-adults and adults were mostly found from April to January. The carapace length to carapace width relationship differed between males and females, as did the carapace width and carapace length to total weight relationships. Finally, the relationship between carapace width and weight for both sexes showed that the growth of this species is allometric.

On the Growth at Moulting of Lobsters (Homarus Vulgaris) in Cornwall and Yorkshire

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. T. Hepper
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Study ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Probability Paper ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Mean Size

In experiments in Cornwall and Yorkshire 214 marked lobsters (Homarus vulgarisM. Edw.) were returned after moulting. Of these a number had moulted more than once, and the separation into once-, twice- and three-times-moulted lobsters was achieved using probability paper.There was no significant difference in growth of lobsters from the two areas. It is concluded that the best method of plotting growth in lobsters is to plot carapace length before moulting against carapace length after moulting.It is concluded that male lobsters show arithmetic growth over the size range 68–123 mm carapace length, adding a constant mean increment of 9.8 mm carapace length at each moult.It is concluded that arithmetic growth, with a mean increment of 8.4 mm, adequately describes the growth of female lobsters over a small size range centred on a mean size of about 85 mm, but would lead to inaccuracies over a wider size range.The concept of arithmetic growth in relation to the general growth pattern is briefly discussed.IntroductionIn a population study a knowledge of the growth rate is essential. In crustaceans estimation of the growth rate is complicated by two factors: first, it is usually not possible to age the animals, and second, the growth rate is made up of two components, the increase in size at moulting and the frequency with which moults occur.The present paper presents data on the growth of lobsters at a moult, obtained from field experiments conducted in Cornwall in 1957–59, and in Yorkshire in 1958 and 1960.

Influence of settlement time and size on postsettlement growth in the American lobster (Homarus americanus)

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 2436-2446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary-Jane James-Pirri ◽  
J Stanley Cobb ◽  
Richard A Wahle
Keyword(s):  
Carapace Length ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Growth Trajectories ◽  
First Year ◽  
American Lobster ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Growth Profiles ◽  
Settlement Time

We investigated the size and timing of settlement of postlarval (fourth instar) American lobster (Homarus americanus) and the size attained by the end of the first growing season. Mean size and duration of benthic instars (IV-XI) were obtained from a field growth experiment. Lobsters settling in early- and mid-season were larger at each instar and had different growth profiles than late-season settlers. In particular, the rate of growth at the fifth and sixth instar transition was greater for early- and mid-season settlers than for late-season settlers. Postlarvae settling early reached the ninth instar sooner than mid- or late-season settlers. Estimates of size and intermolt duration of each instar for early- and late-season postlarvae were applied to planktonic postlarval data (1988-1995) to estimate growth trajectories during the first year. For all years, postlarvae present early in the season were 30-50% larger (carapace length) and two or three instars further developed than late settlers by the end of the growing season. Estimates of size attained by the end of the 1994 growing season matched field-collected benthic size frequency data for this same year. Although initial carapace length at settlement was important, the timing of settlement was more influential on the size attained by the end of the first growing season.

scholarly journals Do hydroelectric dams affect the abundance and population structure of freshwater shrimps?

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e48928
Author(s):  
Larissa Rosa Rodrigues ◽  
Jaqueline Roberta Pereira da Costa ◽  
Rafael Montini Passafaro ◽  
Luciana Segura de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Hydroelectric Dams ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Freshwater Shrimps ◽  
Hydroelectric Dam ◽  
Macrobrachium Amazonicum ◽  
Mean Size

Freshwater shrimps play an important role in many ecological processes since they are epibenthic detritivores but also prey on other invertebrates and are predated by fishes. The knowledge about their biology allow the development of management strategies to improve the use of natural resources by avoiding overfishing and enhancing productivity. Here we evaluated the population structure of the shrimp Macrobrachium amazonicum in the river Rio Grande, upstream of the Água Vermelha hydroelectric dam. They were captured monthly from October 2017 until March 2018, in six sites along the river. The first site was ∿1000 m distant from the dam and the sixth was ∿4000 m distant. A sac-like sieve and traps were used to capture the shrimps. The sieve was dragged three times for 180o. The traps were left by the river margins for six hours. In the laboratory, the shrimps were sexed and measured (carapace length; CL). In total, 6455 individuals were captured: 4499 females (294 breeding), 1445 males, and 217 juveniles. Female mean size was 7.50 ± 3.47 mm, male mean size was 7.44 ± 2.40 mm, and juvenile mean size was 3.24 ± 1.10 mm. The smallest individual was found in site III and it was a juvenile of 1.08 mm. The largest had 20 mm and was found in site II. The smallest breeding female had 3.8 mm CL. The largest individuals were more abundant in the sites near the dam, whereas the smallest were more abundant in the farthest sites. The highest abundance was seen in sites III and IV, and the lowest, in site VI. Unlike males and juveniles, females (both breeding and non-breeding) were more abundant (Anova, p < 0.01) near the dam. By knowing the population structure of M. amazonicum it is possible to understand how they are being affected by the environmental changes caused by the hydroelectric dam

Complete Larval Development of the Edible Mud.Shrimp Upogebia Edulis Ngoc-Ho & Chan, 1992 (Decapoda, Thalassinidea, Upogebiidae) Reared in the Laboratory

Crustaceana ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tin-Yam Chan ◽  
Jhy-Yun Shy
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Mud Shrimp ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae ◽  
Average Size ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe larvae of the edible mud shrimp Upogebia edulis were successfully reared in the laboratory for the first time. The freshly laid eggs were orange in colour and 1.08 mm x 1.00 mm in average size. The diameter of eyed eggs was between 1.17 mm x 1.13 mm and 1.36 mm x 1.21 mm just before hatching. Under laboratory conditions at a water temperature of 23-26°C and a salinity of 33-34 ppt, newly hatched larvae were planktonic zoeae (average carapace length 0.90 mm) and already with biramous pleopods. The larvae quickly moulted into zoea II the next day and the average carapace length was 0.95 mm. On the third day, the larvae metamorphosed into decapodids with an average carapace length of 1.12 mm. The larval development of U. edulis is therefore abbreviated. The morphology of the larval stages is described in detail and comparisons are made with the larvae of some other Upogebia species found in the adjacent areas.

scholarly journals Effects of Staining and Streamer Tags on Survival and Growth of Juvenile School Prawns, Metapenaeus macleayi, Under Laboratory Conditions

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.T. WALSH ◽  
S.S. MONTGOMERY ◽  
D.D. REID ◽  
J.R. MCLEOD
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Fast Green ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Fast Green Fcf

Juvenile school prawns from two size classes (carapace length 11-20mm and 21- 30mm) were marked with a stain (fast green FCF solution) or tagged with steamer tags under laboratory conditions to test the hypothesis that tagging or marking affects the survival and/or growth of prawns. The stain accumulated in all parts of the prawn, but after 14 days it was visible only in the gills. All surviving tagged prawns at the end of each experiment had their streamer tags intact with tag information still visible. Tagging and staining significantly reduced survival, but there was no significant difference in mortality (40-50%) between these two techniques. Mortality was at its highest for all treatments in the first week of the experiments, reflecting the stress associated with handling the prawn and applying the tag or stain. Mortality was not size- or sex-dependent and marking or tagging did not appear to affect growth. While the low survival rates are of concern, this laboratory study suggests that streamer tags are the most suitable method for use in mark-recapture population studies for juvenile school prawns.

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