Translation memories and the translator

Babel ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 734-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Schneider ◽  
Marcos Zampieri ◽  
Josef van Genabith
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
User Requirements ◽  
Translation Memory ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Abstract This paper presents a comprehensive study on the use of translation memory software by translators of different backgrounds. We designed a questionnaire that was completed by a pool of 723 respondents including professional translators, translation students, and lecturers in translation studies and translation practice. We analyse the results of the survey providing important information concerning user requirements, the most important features of TM software, users’ perceived productivity, and market shares.

The metalanguage of localization

Target ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Present Discussion ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
The One

In recent years localization has become a popular concept in both translation practice and theory. It has developed a language of its own, which, however, still seems to be little known among translation scholars. What is more, being primarily an industry-based discourse, the terms related to localization are very fluid, which makes theorizing about it difficult. Therefore, the aim of this article is, first of all, to explain the basic terms of the metalanguage of localization, as they are used by both localization practitioners and scholars, and, secondly, to make this metalanguage more consistent by proposing some general definitions that cover the basic concepts in localization. This, in turn, should, on the one hand, facilitate scholar-to-practitioner communication and vice versa and, on the other, should result in concept standardization for training purposes. In the conclusions I link the present discussion of the metalanguage of localization to a more general debate on metalanguage(s) in Translation Studies and propose that in the future we might witness the emergence of a new discipline called Localization Studies.

scholarly journals From Translation Studies and audiovisual translation to media accessibility

Target ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Remael ◽  
Nina Reviers ◽  
Reinhild Vandekerckhove
Keyword(s):  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Hybrid Form ◽  
Audio Description ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The One

Abstract Recent developments in Translation Studies and translation practice have not only led to a profusion of approaches, but also to the development of new text forms and translation modes. Media Accessibility, particularly audio description (AD) and subtitling for the deaf and hard-of-hearing (SDH), is an example of such a ‘new’ mode. SDH has been evolving quickly in recent decades and new developments such as interlingual SDH and live subtitling with speech recognition bring it closer to established forms of translation and interpreting. On the one hand, interlingual SDH reintroduces Jakobson’s (1959) ‘translation proper’ while the use of speech recognition has led to the creation of a hybrid form that has affinities with both subtitling and interpreting. Audio description, for its part, cannot even be fitted into Jakobson’s ‘intersemiotic translation’ model since it involves translation from images into words. Research into AD is especially interesting since it rallies methods from adjacent disciplines, much in the same way that Holmes ([1972] 1988) described TS when it was a fledgling discipline. In 2008, Braun set out a research agenda for AD and the wealth of topics and research approaches dealt with in her article illustrate the immense complexity of this field and the work still to be done. Although AD and SDH research have developed at different paces and are concerned with different topics, converging trends do appear. Particularly the role of technology and the concept of multimodality seem to be key issues. This article aims to give an overview of current research trends in both these areas. It illustrates the possibilities of technology-driven research – particularly popular in SDH and live-subtitling research – while at the same time underlining the value of individual, human-driven approaches, which are still the main ‘modus operandi’ in the younger discipline of AD where much basic research is still required.

Aplikacja modelu badawczego ARTS w tłumaczeniu

2018 ◽  
pp. 203-214
Author(s):  
Maria Piotrowska
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
European Society ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Translation Research ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Cultural Conditioning ◽  
The Creation

Having presented directions of development in Translation Studies, based on themes of subsequent European Society for Translation Studies Congresses; as well as the chronology of changes and turns in translation research, the author presents the Action Research in Translation Studies (ARTS) model, which combines functionalist theories in TS with translation practice. ARTS aims at using theoretical cogitation in TS in order to introduce specific translation activities. The application of the ARTS model is illustrated here by the analysis of the Katzenjammer Kids translation unit. The conclusions regard the translator’s decision process and the influence of cultural conditioning on the creation of meaning in translation.

Financial translation, a neglected field

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-25
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Serón-Ordóñez
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Regulatory Document ◽  
Corpus Study ◽  
International Borders ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Retail Investors

By looking at the Key Investor Information document (KIID), the present article shows how the area of finance is still considerably unexplored in Translation Studies, despite the increased interest that economic and financial texts have attracted among translation scholars in the last decade. The article describes the KIID and its background and then focuses on its relevance to Translation Studies, as well as to translation practice and, more generally, to society. Never before examined within Translation Studies, the KIID is a mandatory regulatory document aimed at retail investors, and its underlying financial product increases financing opportunities for companies, especially when crossing international borders, where the document’s translation into the target country’s language is compulsory. The KIID has very specific characteristics that make it a financial genre in its own right, due to grow in importance because of several factors. In the article, its main characteristics are presented and discussed from a Translation Studies perspective, on the basis of both the regulations that gave rise to it and a parallel and comparable corpus study.

scholarly journals Corpora and Translation. Are Corpora Still an Academic Luxury?

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
Jonė Grigaliūnienė
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Translation Memory ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Translator Training ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Training Practice

This paper aims to consider the impact corpora have made on language studies and to touch upon the interface between corpora use and translator training/practice. A small-scale survey conducted among the translation trainers/professionals and translation students, with the aim of finding out whether professional translators and students are aware of the existence of corpora and to what extent they use them in their work, revealed that both the trainers and the students are well aware of corpora, but they still prefer translation memory technology to using corpora when translating. They have also pointed out that they would be interested in a service which quickly provided domain-and-language specific corpora tailored to their needs and a tool for extracting terminology from a domain specific corpus. The paper presents a tool which is now widely available for academic institutions in Europe and which gives a chance to quickly and easily compile a specific corpus, extract keywords, provides concordances and gives a useful word sketch that could be of great help when translating. The paper concludes that corpora have yet to make an impact on translation studies and that this will depend on raising awareness of the usefulness of corpora for translation training and practice and the availability of corpora tools that could meet translator needs.

scholarly journals Relations between terms: a cognitive approach. The interaction between Terminology, Lexicology, Translation Studies and translation practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Thelen
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Actual Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cycle Model ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Associative Relation ◽  
The One

This paper discusses two problem areas of Terminology: the word-term dis-tinction and a particular type of terminological relation, viz. the complex or associative relation. Both areas will be discussed in the light of the actual practice of translating and the translator. It will be argued that for the trans-lator to deal with these areas successfully there should be a contribution from basic translation practices and Translation Studies, on the one hand, and from Lexicology, notably TCM (“Two-Cycle Model of Grammar”), on the other.

scholarly journals The changing face of contemporary translation studies through polydisciplinary lenses: Possibilities and caveats

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 462-477
Author(s):  
Klaudia Bednárová-Gibová
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Ivory Tower ◽  
After Effects ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Target Culture

This paper offers a meta-reflection of contemporary translation studies (TS) through tracing its polydisciplinary tensions which are approached as both formative forces as well as hindrances. Taking a form of an argumentative essay employing the methods of a reflexive introspection, synthesis and evaluation, the principal aim is to address the potentials and controversies in present-day TS which are connected to its polydisciplinarity. This is a result from the aftermath of Snell-Hornbys integrated approach (1988/1995), TSs cultural and ideological turns as well as cognitive, sociological, anthropological, technological and economic twists. Four major strands of the consequences of the polydisciplinarity in TS are addressed: (a) the clash between the focus on the epistemological core of TS as an antidote to the expanding boundaries of the meta-discipline and embrace of reciprocal interdisciplinarity; (b) the tension between academia as Ivory Tower and practice-minded language industry; (c) the diffusion of the outer boundaries of TS and erasure of its inner boundaries; (d) a multitude of different conceptualizations of TS foregrounding either the abstract or practical. Following TSs inward orientations, two outward turns are suggested, i.e. promoting its relevance to other disciplines and reaching out to translation practice, in tune with Zwischenbergers approach (2019). A continuation of the outward turns may be seen in Gentzlers post-translation studies focusing on the study of pre-translation culture and after-effects of translation in the target culture. Although the paper does not tend to conceptual extremes, it suggests that authentic transdisciplinary TS should be mindful of a constructive and mutually enriching dialogue with donor disciplines and interlacement between theory and practice, with a focus on real-world issues, becomes imperative in order to make TS viable.

Dante’s ‘Shameless Whore’: Sexual Imagery in Anglo-American Translations of the Comedy

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Crisafulli
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Roman Catholic Church ◽  
Sexual Imagery ◽  
Original Language ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Anglo American

Abstract This article focuses on the strategies pursued by Anglo-American translators in dealing with Dante’s sexual imagery in the Comedy. The author attempts to explain why the original imagery — which condemns a corrupt Roman Catholic Church — has sexist connotations, and why it is reproduced in most translations in the corpus. “Fidelity” or adequacy with respect to sexual/sexist images seems striking in view of the fact that certa..n translators bowdlerize the source text or tone down the boldness of its vernacular style. It is suggested that the patriarchal nature of both the Italian and English languages explains why the use of sexist imagery is tolerated (or perhaps even encouraged) in literary texts. The findings of the analysis are then brought to bear on one important question: should the translation scholar aim to bring about “politically correct” changes in translation practice, that is, changes attenuating the offensiveness of the original language? The author advocates a descriptive approach, even though “gender and translation” seems more politicized than other areas of research within Translation Studies. The paper concludes that Translation Studies may benefit from the findings of gender studies, provided scholars in this area do not attempt to change actual translation practice and focus on the hermeneutics of translation. In fact, gender scholars can make an important contribution to Translation Studies by focusing on the ideological nature of the gendered construction of meaning.

Translating official documents from French to English in Uganda

Babel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enoch Sebuyungo
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
End Users ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Effective Translation

Abstract Although underexplored in Africa, the translation of official documents presents a revelatory context for examining translation practice and theory. Through a sociolinguistic and pragmatic lens, this study explores how translating official documents by focusing on linguistic equivalences without taking into account national institutional systems can be misleading. The argument is made that sociolinguistic variables and Grice’s pragmatic maxims are essential in enhancing translation effectiveness. A sample of 151 pairs of source and target documents dating from 2011–2017 was purposively selected. This corpus from nineteen Francophone countries covers three broad categories: Education, Legal, and General Administrative Correspondence. Nineteen translators and fourteen end-users were also interviewed regarding the translation effectiveness of corpus examples. Data is analyzed using sociolinguistic and pragmatic criteria. Finally, the analysis is positioned within the broader scholarship on translation studies to demonstrate how this approach expands our knowledge regarding effective translation.

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