Intertitle translation of Chinese silent films

Babel ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 719-732
Author(s):  
Jin Haina
Keyword(s):  
Chinese People ◽  
Silent Films ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Chinese Film ◽  
Translation Quality ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
Hollywood Films ◽  
Chinese Films ◽  
Potential Profit ◽  
Desire To Change

Abstract There is a misconception that film translation did not exist in China before 1949. The paper argues that the translation of Chinese silent films was vibrant in the 1920s and the early 1930s. Most of the extant copies of Chinese films from that period have bilingual intertitles. Chinese film companies have two purposes in translating their productions: the potential profit obtained from international audiences, and the desire to change the negative image of Chinese people portrayed in Hollywood films and project a positive image of China. Driven by these two objectives, Chinese film companies placed considerable emphasis on translation quality and hired both Chinese translators and foreign translators to translate their productions.

Citra Lansia dalam Film ‘An’ (Selai Kacang Merah) dan ‘Oke Roujin!’ (Golden Orchestra)

KIRYOKU ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-227
Author(s):  
Lili Febriyani
Keyword(s):  
Successful Aging ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Red Bean

People who have entered the final phase of life or elderly people, are often labeled with negative stereotypes regarding physical, psychological, and sociological changes. Various descriptions of the self-image of the elderly appear in various texts. This article discusses the image of the elderly in two Japanese films, entitled An (Sweet Bean) and Oke Rojin! (Golden Orchestra). By using Activity Theory, Successful Aging, and Loneliness, the research tries to analyze the image of the elderly that is constructed individually and in groups using the Content Analysis method. From the results of a thorough analysis of the components in the film, it can be concluded that the positive image of the elderly is constructed by looking for gaps of excellence from the shortcomings they have, and the positive image does not eliminate the depiction of the negative image. The elderly from both films try to make good use of old age, leaving the works in different ways, namely Tokue Yoshii with his red bean butter and the elderly orchestra with their first music and concerts.

The circulation of Chinese film in New Zealand as a potential platform for soft power

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-92
Author(s):  
Ian Huffer
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Overseas Chinese ◽  
Chinese Film ◽  
A Site ◽  
Hearts And Minds ◽  
Chinese Films

New Zealand is one of only a handful of countries worldwide in which Chinese blockbusters are regularly released in cinemas and has also been a site of increasing debate regarding China’s soft power. This article consequently examines the circulation of Chinese films in New Zealand, not only through theatrical exhibition but also non-theatrical channels, and considers how this might build a platform for soft power. It considers the balance between ‘official’ and ‘unofficial’ mainland filmmaking, and between mainland filmmaking and Hong Kong, Taiwanese and diasporic filmmaking, along with the target audiences for these different channels. The article shows that, taken as a whole, the distribution and exhibition landscape for Chinese film in New Zealand builds a successful platform for the People’s Republic of China’s aspirations of winning the ‘hearts and minds’ of overseas Chinese, while also being characterised by clear limitations in reaching non-Chinese audiences in New Zealand.

Nature-Based Tourism Destinations

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel D. Line ◽  
Wanda M. Costen
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Natural Area ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
Gateway Cities ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
The City ◽  
City Park

This article takes a dyadic approach to the conceptualization of nature-based tourism (NBT) destinations. Treating the natural area and its gateway city as distinct evaluative objects, we propose that tourists may differentially assess each element of a city–park dyad based on the degree to which the attributes of each are perceived as conducive to the fulfillment of NBT-specific goals. By empirically testing this perspective, this study reveals the unique complexities of NBT. The findings indicate that nature-based tourists have distinct perceptions of natural areas and their gateway cities. The results also reveal that proenvironmental attitudes motivate individuals to engage in NBT and are associated with a positive image of the natural area. However, these proenvironmental attitudes also yield negative attitudes toward the human-made attributes of the gateway city, which result in a negative image of the city itself. The principal implications for future research and application are discussed.

Patterned Abusive Bruises of the Buttocks and the Pinnae

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-636
Author(s):  
KENNETH W. FELDMAN
Keyword(s):  
High Velocity ◽  
Elastic Limit ◽  
High Velocity Impact ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Positive Image

Patterned bruises often result from abusive injuries. The bruise pattern commonly mimics the injuring object.1 With high-velocity injuries, like whippings or slaps, an unbruised negative image of the cord or hand may be outlined by a fine rim of petechae. At the margin of an injuring object, high-velocity impact stretches capillaries sufficiently to tear them. This may occur even when the force does not crush directly impacted vessels. Greater forces rupture directly impacted vessels creating in addition a positive image bruise of the object. If severe forces are applied more slowly, the elastic limit of the capillaries at the margins will not be exceeded.

Deterrence by public diplomacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falk Hartig
Keyword(s):  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Negative Dimension ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
Hearts And Minds ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the growing public diplomacy literature as it focuses on the crucial, but so far largely unnoticed negative dimension of public diplomacy by analyzing information campaigns targeting unwanted people as one instrument of public diplomacy. Design/methodology/approach Using the cases of Australia and Germany this paper analyses the public diplomacy narratives of these two countries and contrasts those with the messages both countries communicate to potential migrants/refuges through a number of information campaigns. Based on this assessment the paper highlights the negative dimension of public diplomacy and discusses how this negative dimension influences the conduct of public diplomacy. Findings Both cases clearly exemplify that public diplomacy is no altruistic affair and that public diplomacy is facing new challenges due to this concurrence of opposing images it aims to communicate. It further illustrates that this negative dimension not only challenges the understanding of public diplomacy, but at the same time exemplifies a communicative predicament which, it is argued, cannot be solved satisfactory and requires a trade-off between deterrence and attraction. The predicament arises from the dichotomy of presenting a positive image of a country to produce endorsement and sympathy as well as to attract tourists and investment, while at the same time communicating a negative image to deter uninvited people from entering the country. Practical implications Referring to this communicative predicament, the paper suggests that those campaigns are unrewarding for two reasons: first, they apparently do not achieve their objectives and at the same time undermine other public diplomacy initiatives. Originality/value The paper highlights the normally neglected fact that public diplomacy is not only concerned with presenting a positive image of a country and winning hearts and minds, but that public diplomacy also has a negative dimension which needs more academic analysis and practitioner’s attention.

The Persuasive Effects of Two Stylistic Elements

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 891-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiwon Seo ◽  
James Dillard
Keyword(s):  
General Principle ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
Message Effects ◽  
General Support ◽  
Stylistic Elements ◽  
Loss Frame ◽  
Gain Frame

This study explored the effects of stylistic elements, framing and imagery, on emotion, cognition, and persuasion. Frame and image were matched on valence (gain frame + positive image; loss frame + negative image) and mismatched (gain + negative image; loss + positive image) to examine whether the (mis)match amplified or attenuated message effects. Using the topic of traveling to an exotic island, an experiment ( N = 455) found general support for matching in the gain-framed conditions but not in the loss-framed conditions. To the extent that valence can be useful as a basis for assessing match, it must take into account the message domain and the nature of the outcome variables. One general principle and two corollaries are proposed to serve as patches for the valence rule.

scholarly journals Obstacles to Using Chinese Film to Promote China’s Soft Power: Some Evidence from the North American Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-221
Author(s):  
Stanley Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Chinese Film ◽  
The North ◽  
Box Office ◽  
North American Market ◽  
Power Scale ◽  
Chinese Films

Abstract China’s use of film to project soft power has been unsuccessful. However, the generation of soft power through its film industry is not China’s highest priority. The pursuit of soft power, including through film, is much more directed toward the domestic audience in China, reflecting the greater importance of political and social stability, along with ensuring the patriotism of youth. Moreover, given the origins of the soft power concept and the methodologies used to evaluate countries on a soft power scale, countries that are not liberal democracies will never be able to score high on any soft power ranking. Using empirical data such as box office figures, and Chinese and Western media sources, it will be shown that the lack of success of Chinese films in overseas markets stems in part from structural reasons beyond China’s control, but also in part because of decisions made by Chinese state officials and the filmmakers themselves.

scholarly journals "Wziął braciszek strzelbiczkę, trafił myśliweczka w główeczkę…" O (nie)konwencjonalnych użyciach zdrobnień w polskich pieśniach ludowych

LingVaria ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
pp. 163-178
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Prorok
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Folk Songs ◽  
Folk Song ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
The World ◽  
Poetic Function

Wziął braciszek strzelbiczkę, trafił myśliweczka w główeczkę… On (Un)conventional Uses of Diminutives in Polish Folk SongsThe paper attempts to specify the function of diminutives in folk songs, and to find to what degree they can be considered a reliable source in the reconstruction of the linguistic image of the world. The starting point are the findings of Jerzy Bartmiński who distinguished five main functions of diminutives in folk songs: intellectual (communicating smallness), emotional (communicating endearment), rhythm-creating, rhyme-creating, and structural-poetic (signalling the style of the folk song: affectionate, tender, and noble). An analysis of lyrics where diminutives appear frequently and, unusually for them, in contexts of pejorative nature (e.g. in the wife’s description of how she killed her husband: zabiłam go drewienkiem w komórce pod okienkiem), allows the author to formulate a hypothesis that the structural-poetic function of diminutives is not only to establish a “tender and gentle” style in order to evoke positive emotions (create a positive image of the world), but also to evoke negative emotions (and create a negative image of the world). In pejorative texts, partially desemantized diminutives with their conventional tenderness and gentleness, can either soften the evil and the horror of the depicted world, neutralize negative emotions, or they can create such a sharp contrast with the “heartless” story which is being told, that the evil and dread of the world are intensified together with negative emotions. But this diversity of functions that diminutives can play in folk songs, ther partial desemantization and conventionality, render them particularly difficult to analyze, and a reasearcher of the linguistic image of the world should approach them with caution.

scholarly journals The Great Wall: Understanding Chinese People's Psychology Through the Movie Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Anas Ahmadi ◽  
Setya Yuwana Sudikan ◽  
Galih Wibisono ◽  
Kusumarasyadti Kusumarasdyati ◽  
Xiao Renfei
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Chinese Films ◽  
Great Wall

Today,  the study of Chinese films has attracted the attention of researchers, both in China and other countries. In this regard, this article aims to explore a Chinese movie Great Wall from a psychological perspective. The study uses a qualitative method with descriptive exposure. The researcher uses the Great Wall movie as a data source. The data collection technique is a documentary study. The data analysis technique is carried out with three stages: identification, classification, and reduction. The study's result indicates the psychology of Chinese people in facing the enemies, which raises the psychology of nationalism and justice in dealing with captured enemies. In relation to human psychology with western people, Chinese people raise attitudes related to cautiousness and cooperativeness with western people.

scholarly journals The Current Problems of Aesthetic Creation in Chinese Film Art

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Creative Imagination ◽  
Aesthetic Object ◽  
Chinese Film ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Art And Culture ◽  
Market Factors ◽  
Aesthetic Sensibility ◽  
Chinese Films

Abstract Current market-led Chinese film production has made huge achievements. Market indicators certainly have their validity. However, the power of the market has been exaggerated so that it controls everything. Because of the disregard of film as an aesthetic object, the content, form and aesthetic sensibility of films have been neglected, preventing creation at a higher level. The loss of multiple cultural identities due to market factors and artistic indifference is hardly sustainable in the long run. In recent years, Chinese films have gradually improved their artistic aesthetics. How to reasonably coordinate the market and the realization of the value of art and culture itself is an urgent problem to be solved. Firstly, Chinese films should have creative imagination; secondly, Chinese films should have the artistic expression of the national core value of heroism; thirdly, Chinese films should have meticulous depictions of people. Under the perspective of aesthetic appreciation, it is a top priority for Chinese films to be more in line with reality and traditional aesthetic culture, and be more characterized in their creation.

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